With an abundance of dying stars icy worlds rogue  comets black holes and even cannibal galaxies  

space sure is one spooky place but one particular  area of space known as the bote's void perhaps  

takes the title for officially being one of the  most mysterious places in outer space the massive  

expanse of emptiness is nearly 300 million light  years wide and unlike any observed in the universe  

welcome to Factnomenal and for today's  video we take a journey to yet another  

one of space's many mysteries that science  just can't seem to explain the ot's void

when you hear the word void you would simply  understand it as being empty pure nothingness  

and in space well it gets even more interesting  cosmic voids and supervoids are basically large  

volumes of space that are completely devoid of  any matter this may include normal matter in  

the form of galaxies as well as dark matter  so when exactly were these voids discovered  

it all began in 1961 when some large structures  were brought to the attention of the astronomical  

community without the kind of technology we now  have today it was unclear what exactly these were  

and that clarity didn't come until years later the  study of cosmic voids itself began way back in the  

mid-1970s when something called red shift surveys  had led a team of astrophysicists to identify  

superclusters and voids within the distribution  of galaxies the new redshift surveys completely  

revolutionized the field of astronomy and added  so much more depth to the two-dimensional maps  

that were previously being used with the help  of these surveys we were then able to study  

maps of cosmological structures in a more precise  manner and brought about some much needed clarity  

this allowed for what we know as the 3d mapping  or three-dimensional mapping of the universe  

in 1978 two papers on the topic of voids  in the large-scale structure were released  

referencing the voids found in the foreground  of the coma a1367 clusters but 1981 proved to  

be the true year of breakthrough it was robert  kirschner who at the time was working at the  

university of michigan to calculate the  redshifts of a great number of galaxies  

now due to the way our universe is  expanding the farther away a galaxy is  

the faster it moves which means red shift can  be used to measure distance taking advantage  

of this very fact kirchner and his team were  attempting to create a 3d map of the universe  

but as they went on with their mapping they soon  realized something just wasn't quite right at a  

distance of 700 million light years from planet  earth there was just a blank void a spherical  

region that was about 330 million light years  wide where there were barely any galaxies at all  

this was contradictory of course to what  was previously believed about the universe  

as they were unable to completely explain why  the region didn't seem to have anything there  

the area came to be known as the great nothing  the great nothing was given the name baude's  

void for lying in the constellation bodes  the team of researchers also published all  

their surprising discoveries in the paper a  million cubic megaparsec void in the botase  

ever since then the surveys have been able to  create much more detailed maps of our universe  

as opposed to what was previously thought we  now know that the galaxies in the universe  

are arranged sort of like a giant web throughout  the galaxy you will find long structures known as  

filaments cosmic filaments are dense skinny  strands of dark matter and galaxies they hold most  

of the universe's mass and you can think of the  filaments as the threads connecting the cosmic web  

the place where these filaments meet and there  are a large number of galaxies is known as a  

cluster and it is here in between these threads  and clusters that we find huge empty voids of  

nothingness over the years of studying these  maps of the universe astronomers and researchers  

were in fact astonished to find that about 80  percent of the observable universe is actually  

just made up of these voids not to mention  the fact that most of them are around 30  

to 300 million light years across these are  the largest known structures in the universe  

and we are learning more and  more about them every year

this brings us to the burning question how were  these voids formed or did they always exist  

the true cause of these voids is said to be  closely tied to the origin of the universe  

in the early days of the cosmos all the matter  in the universe was tightly packed together  

at first it was thought to be uniform but random  quantum fluctuations soon began creating small  

differences in the distribution of this matter  over time some of these areas were slightly more  

dense which means that the gravitational pull  was greater therefore they pulled matter away  

from the less dense areas at the same time  the universe was expanding greatly so the  

fluctuations that had begun at a quantum level  now spend hundreds of millions of light years  

the significantly smaller clumps of matter begin  to organize themselves into what we know today  

as galaxies although this doesn't answer their  existence completely this seems to be the more  

acceptable theory as to why and how these voids  exist some suggest that the super voids could  

have been formed when two or more ordinary voids  could have collided with each other others say  

it may have something to do with intelligent  life beyond our planet that could possibly be  

hiding something there there have been several  conspiracy theories over the years each one  

wackier than the next but then again space is just  one of those places where anything seems possible

the bow taste super void or great  beauty's void measures somewhere  

between 250 to approximately 300 million light  years in diameter to put that into perspective  

one light year is equivalent to the distance  that light travels in one year on planet earth  

it represents approximately 0.27 percent of the  diameter of the observable universe which itself  

is a daunting 93 billion light years across the  bow taste void is a giant hole in the universe  

with its volume estimated at 236 000 million  cubic per sec cubed making it one of the largest  

known voids in the entire universe after its  discovery all attention was on the body's void  

researchers were astonished to find just how  sparse the area really is it's important to note  

here though that after lots of observation  it was found to have at least 60 galaxies  

for us that may seem like a lot but it's almost  insignificant in terms of space astronomer greg  

aldering put things into perspective when  he stated if the milky way had been located  

in the center of the body's void we wouldn't  have known there were even other galaxies until  

the 1960s wouldn't that be something living in  a world where you believe that your galaxy is  

the only one out there only to be neighbors with  huge monster galaxies and not even know about them  

our own milky way has around two dozen neighbors  within three million light years of space so by  

those statistics the beauty's void should have  at least ten thousand galaxies but the reality is  

just a mere spattering of about 60 odd galaxies  millions of light years away from each other  

what astronomers are even more bothered  by is the fact that the galaxies that were  

found inside the void were significantly less  bright than the average galaxy there probably  

are some dwarf galaxies within the void but they  haven't been a belt to detect the same as yet  

what's quite interesting too is the fact that  galaxies are found in a tube area that runs  

through the void which only further supports the  hypothesis that the void could have been formed  

through the merger of smaller voids the beauty  supervoid is quite the mystery and some even say  

to fully explain its existence we would have to  modify our existing theory of the big bang itself  

both quantum mechanics and gravity played a role  in forming the super void but no one really has  

found a way of combining the two in a way that  we can understand this gigantic cosmic hole

bote supervoid may be the most infamous and  largest one yet but it's not the only one that  

has scientists and astronomers puzzled after the  big bang the universe was glowing extremely bright  

and was so hot that atoms couldn't form eventually  after things cooled down most of the energy from  

the event took the form of light this afterglow  is known as the cosmic microwave background or  

cmb today with the help of modern technology and  advanced telescopes it can be seen at microwave  

frequencies unviewable to human eyes it has  tiny little fluctuations in temperature that  

can actually provide information about the early  universe so in simple terms by looking at the cmb  

scientists can find variations in the temperatures  in the universe through these variances we are  

able to see where things are more clustered like  say galaxies for example it would also be able  

to show where things are completely empty like a  void the cmb anomaly the largest cold spot that  

was ever found is theorized as being a super void  the only problem was a cold spot in the cmb that  

scientists just could not seem to explain there  were indeed many theories floating around at the  

time about what this could possibly be with the  help of data collected by the dark energy survey  

using a map of dark matter the researchers made a  startling discovery this was no cold spot but yet  

another super void in the constellation eredanus  one of the largest structures known to humanity  

stretching out at a distance of 1.8 billion light  years proved to be the answer to the cosmic wave  

background anomaly it has been observed to contain  about 30 percent less matter than its surrounding  

galactic region much like the body supervoid the  aradonna supervoid is extraordinarily large and  

approximately 500 million light years across and  is the largest known structure of the universe of  

course not everyone thinks that the cold spot is  a void the explanation is far too simple for them  

one researcher even believes that the cmb cold  spot could be an imprint of another universe  

the doorway to other realms lara mercini  huffton the one who came up with this theory  

suggested that this region came about through a  form of quantum entanglement that occurred between  

our universe and a parallel universe before they  were separated as far-fetched as it may seem  

it sure is an interesting hypothesis but if the  hypothesis were to hold up there would indeed have  

to be evidence in the form of a mirror supervoid  located in the opposite hemisphere oddly enough  

there actually was a super void in the  southern hemisphere that was discovered  

which just seemed to fit the bill for this theory  perfectly though it still might be a stretch it's  

sure worth mentioning as there is no condense in  exactly where the mirror voids should be located  

another theory proposed by lawrence rudnick  from the university of minnesota states  

that the aerodynas void is not a conventional  void at all but actually it is a universe in  

mass black hole that has consumed all the  matter in its vicinity in short it simply  

ate up everything that was surrounding it  and that's why there's literally nothing left  

he and his team strongly believe that dark  energy the force that is responsible for the  

accelerating expansion of the universe is all  just an illusion that has been brought on by  

the gravitational effects of a supermassive black  hole that lies at the very edge of our universe  

with theories like that it's quite possible that  the cold spot itself never existed in the first  

place putting all theories and arguments to rest  for years scientists have been trying to figure  

a way out of the cold spot argument which  had plagued them for years however the super  

void solution comes with one major problem the  standard cosmology models just simply don't fit in  

according to them the void should not exist at  all a study that was conducted in 2017 states  

that the studies conducted showed no evidence  that associated voids in the line of sight could  

have been the cause for the cmb cold spot and  that it may instead have a primordial origin  

this only made the arguments for a parallel  universe stronger later in december 2021  

the dark energy survey after analyzing their  data actually put forward strong evidence for  

a direct correlation between aerodyna super void  and the cmb cold spot which seemingly put to rest  

a lot of the more far-fetched theories out there  bringing it down to the simple answer nothing

then we have yet another void the taurus void  adjacent to the perseus pisces supercluster  

unlike boots and aerodynas this void isn't as  big but by no means is it insignificant a few  

galaxies were actually found in this void ugc 2627  and ugc 2629 which are approximately 185 million  

light years away but where this void is unique is  that it is actually close to earth but despite its  

proximity this void is not well studied at all  why you ask well thanks to something known as  

the zone of avoidance zoa the areas of  the sky that are obscured by the milky way  

the taurus void lies right behind this area  making it one of the most difficult to study  

because there is so much area of the void  that lies behind an area of high extinction  

scientists are faced with that challenge of trying  to determine its density and true dimensions  

even when it comes to galaxies light from dimmer  galaxies lying behind the milky way would probably  

extinguish before it could even reach earth making  it all the more difficult to determine where it is  

truly a void this however was soon settled  when the void was observed in the infrared  

spectrum there was then no doubt that the void  was indeed just that a vast expanse of nothing  

some other notable voids researchers  have come across are canis major void  

columbavoid microscopium void sculptor void etc  these of course are simply what we have been  

able to observe for now how many more regions of  empty space are out there no one really knows yet  

could there be any better explanations for why  these voids exist and remain the way they are  

though there might be so much more to  learn about these large structures in space  

there's one thing that's for certain the universe  is so much bigger than we could ever comprehend  

the discovery of super like paotes aerodynas  and more offers a humbling reminder of the  

vastness of the world beyond our home planet  and how much we are yet to learn about the  

universe we live in so what are your thoughts  about these massively mysterious supervoids  

tell us in the comments don't forget to smash  the like button and subscribe to our channel so  

you don't miss another video from us thanks  for watching we'll see you in the next one