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  • 00:01

    On the early morning of 10 May 1940 Nazi Germany invaded the Netherlands.

  • 00:06

    Five days later the Dutch army command signed the unconditional surrender.

  • 00:10

    Hitler, however, had expected that the invasion of the Netherlands would take just one day.

  • 00:16

    What went wrong?

  • 00:17

    That place: the Grebbeberg.

  • 00:18

    In this video you'll learn about the German invasion of the Netherlands, also known as

  • 00:22

    the Battle of the Netherlands (1940).

  • 00:24

    Hey!

  • 00:25

    If this is your first time here, welcome to this channel.

  • 00:30

    I'm Stefan, history teacher, hustling history for you.

  • 00:33

    Only thing you have to do is subscribe and don't forget to hit the notification bell

  • 00:38

    so you join the hustle.

  • 00:39

    Let's start!

  • 00:40

    Just like at the beginning of WW 1 the Dutch government took a position of neutrality with

  • 00:46

    the international tensions mounting up during the 1930s.

  • 00:48

    Most people of the Netherlands were convinced that if another war would break out, their

  • 00:51

    country would remain unaffected.

  • 00:52

    The Dutch high command was not so sure about it.

  • 00:54

    See, the original Von Schlieffenplan from before WW 1 would include an invasion of the

  • 00:59

    Netherlands.

  • 01:01

    The German diviated from the plan.

  • 01:04

    One of the reasons the Germans did not launch an attack later, would be because the war

  • 01:13

    transformed into a dragging stalemate in Flandres and Nothern France.

  • 01:16

    Dutch general Reijnders was convinced his country wouldn't be so lucky if another war

  • 01:23

    would break out.

  • 01:25

    The Dutch army was lacking professional staff, trained and war material.

  • 01:36

    Reijnders proposed some draconic plans to reinforce the army with the purchase of artillery,

  • 01:43

    anti aircraft guns, anti tank guns, air planes, tanks and panzer wagons.

  • 01:50

    Years of budget cuts made it hard to carry out these plans.

  • 01:57

    On 28th of August, a few days before the German invasion of Poland, the Dutch army officially

  • 02:04

    mobilized.

  • 02:05

    Chef of general staf Reijnders got supreme command of land and sea force.

  • 02:09

    Even before this nomination Reijnders argued with other commanders and the Dutch minister

  • 02:17

    of defense on how to make a descent preperation.

  • 02:21

    Several lines of defence had to be reinforces.

  • 02:23

    There was the Ijssel Line, Grebbe Line and the Nieuw Holland Water Line.

  • 02:29

    On 31th of Januari 1940 Reijnders resigned and was replaced by General Winkelman.

  • 02:39

    With the limited resources he had, he choose the Grebbe Line as main line of defence.

  • 02:49

    The areas in front of the line were inundated, which meanth flooded.

  • 02:55

    The water would be too deep for the enemy to cross with vehicles but too shallow to

  • 02:59

    cross by boat.

  • 03:00

    Only the area of the Grebbeberg, which was higher ground, would be exposed to a German

  • 03:14

    ground attack.

  • 03:15

    Winkelman, he knew this.

  • 03:16

    When he left his office by midnight, on the 9th of May, he said to his college: “Now

  • 03:29

    they [the Germans] can come, we have done what we could.

  • 03:33

    I'm going home to catch some hours of sleep”

  • 03:37

    Four hours later the fist German troops set foot on Dutch land.

  • 03:42

    The first German troops that crossed the border were troops in disguise.

  • 03:48

    They worn Dutch uniforms with fabricated helmets.

  • 03:54

    Their goal was to get to the Ijssel bridges and dismantle the bombs that were places underneath.

  • 04:00

    Some of these patrols were intercepted by Dutch border troops.

  • 04:04

    Other patrols made to to the bridges, only to see them blown up in front of them.

  • 04:10

    In one occasion the infiltrators were on the bridge already, when it got blown up.

  • 04:15

    German panzer trains that made their way to the Ijssel could not carry on.

  • 04:20

    Some skirmishes took place after which Dutch defenders, according to plan, retreated to

  • 04:24

    the Grebbe Line.

  • 04:26

    In the south of the Netherlands, in the province of Noord-Brabant, panzer trains smashed to

  • 04:31

    the Dutch lines.

  • 04:32

    A Dutch major who was stationed there couldn't believe a) the war had broken out and b) the

  • 04:40

    war was at their very spot.

  • 04:42

    When the train rushed by he said to his men: “Does our army has these type of trains?”

  • 04:49

    He wasn't be able to finished his words when German submachine bullets flew by and he had

  • 04:54

    to take cover.

  • 04:56

    This proves many Dutch soldier did not expect a war on their ground.

  • 05:02

    The Germans pushed through.

  • 05:04

    Meanwhile on the Grebbeberg the German onslaught was nigh.

  • 05:08

    Till the very last moment Dutch defenders improving their positions by laying telephone

  • 05:12

    cables and cutting down trees to create a clear line of fire.

  • 05:17

    A Dutch sergeant noted: “Together with an officer I was cutting down trees.

  • 05:24

    It was ludicrous we still hadn't done that up to this point”

  • 05:28

    On the 11th of May the Germans attacked the Grebbeberg.

  • 05:32

    With the help of SS troops they first overran the outpost line.

  • 05:36

    The next day they took the Front Line.

  • 05:40

    One iconic moment that proves the chaotic communication on the side of the defenders

  • 05:46

    is the moment when Major Jacometti, thinking some smaller German units had broke through,

  • 06:03

    drew his sword and spoke the words: “We shall throw them out and do this with the

  • 06:09

    blank sable”.

  • 06:12

    His self initiated counterattack came first under fire by his own troops that were not

  • 06:18

    aware of such of thing and second by the German attackers who by now had dug in their new

  • 06:27

    positions.

  • 06:29

    Jacometti was killed in action.

  • 06:33

    Now the frontline had fallen.

  • 06:35

    Their was one last resort: the Stop Line.

  • 06:39

    Dutch high command knew a proper counterattack had to be undertaken.

  • 06:44

    Watch this video till the end to find out what happened.

  • 06:46

    Let's first take a look at the German troops that came from the air.

  • 06:49

    These air attacks were carried out in two ways.

  • 06:56

    The German made use of paratroopers, so-called Fallshirmjäger, and of airlanding troops.

  • 06:58

    The paratroopers came jumping from the air.

  • 07:03

    The airlanding troops were positioned in planes that landed in the Netherlands, for example

  • 07:12

    on airstrips, and hopped out to carry out their mission.

  • 07:15

    Ideally the plane would then take off to fly back to get another batch of soldiers.

  • 07:20

    The German war aims were to seize the bridges near Dordrecht and in Rotterdam to make sure

  • 07:25

    the German panzer units that came rushing through the south of the Netherlands – the

  • 07:30

    province of Noord-Brabant – would easily acces the hearth of the Netherlands.

  • 07:32

    Their most ambitious plan had to be carried out by the German air troops that landed near

  • 07:38

    The Hague.

  • 07:39

    They had to make their way to the govermental city and capture the queen, army high command

  • 07:49

    and the goverment.

  • 07:51

    A checkmate as it were.

  • 07:53

    Now not everything went according to plan.

  • 07:55

    In Dordrecht the German troops suffered some losses but managed to seize the bridges, mostly

  • 08:00

    because the Dutch soldiers was taken by surprise.

  • 08:05

    In Rotterdam German paratroopers made their way to the bridges but were then pinned down

  • 08:13

    by Dutch infantry and marines.

  • 08:16

    Around The Hague the situation was utterly chaotic.

  • 08:21

    Germans paratroopers and airlanding troops landed near the airport of Ypenburg.

  • 08:26

    However surprised the Dutch soldiers rushed to their machine guns, destroying many German

  • 08:35

    landing vehicles.

  • 08:37

    In no-time the whole air strip was filled with burning wreckages.

  • 08:42

    Soon, new German landing planes could not land on the strip, so they had to land in

  • 08:50

    nearby grasslands.

  • 08:56

    The attackers were scattered all around the air field.

  • 08:59

    They did manage to take control of Ypenburg, but were soon driven back by a counterattack

  • 09:05

    from the defenders.

  • 09:06

    The same happened at the other airfields Valkenburg and Ockenburg.

  • 09:12

    Over 1000 German troops got captured.

  • 09:16

    The remaining German units, led by general Hans Von Sponech, fled and managed to avoid

  • 09:22

    capture until the Dutch army surrendered.

  • 09:24

    And most important: the defenders managed to block the way to The Hague.

  • 09:29

    The ambitious German plan had failed.

  • 09:33

    Meanwhile the fight on the Grebbeberg continued.

  • 09:35

    The first and second line of defence were broken.

  • 09:37

    The third line, the Stop Line, was the last resort of the defenders.

  • 09:41

    On the 13th of May a counterattack was undertaken to retake the second line.

  • 09:45

    However this attack was doomed from the start: their was de lack of men; the soldiers that

  • 09:51

    were available were fairly old (in their 30s) and not the best troops for an attack; the

  • 09:57

    soldiers hadn't had proper rest or food the passed few days; proper maps of the terrain

  • 10:02

    were not available and aerial support was minimal.

  • 10:06

    Reluctantly the soldiers carried on and then ran into SS troops.

  • 10:14

    After some fighting the defenders pulled back.

  • 10:16

    Because of panick this retreat became more of a rout.

  • 10:19

    The Germans mopped up the remaining defences.

  • 10:23

    The next day it was decided the defenders pulled back to the New Holland Water Line.

  • 10:33

    This looked grim, since this line was barely prepared for defence...

  • 10:38

    However it got worse.

  • 10:39

    See, however succesfull the Germans were behind scedule.

  • 10:44

    In the north the attackers were not be able to break through; I get to that in a second.

  • 10:49

    The defenders at the Grebbeline caused some significant delay and also the fighting in

  • 10:53

    Rotterdam had continued for some days now.

  • 10:57

    German troops were pinned down at the bridges.

  • 10:59

    That resistance needed to be broken down.

  • 11:02

    Then the Germans came with a paper request demanding the unconditional surrender of the

  • 11:10

    city of Rotterdam or face demolition by bombing.

  • 11:13

    This request was not signed however.

  • 11:16

    Dutch commander colonel Scharroo argued Rotterdam couldn't be given up by in unsigned request.

  • 11:22

    Rotterdam Major Pieter Oud said that the faith of the country was of higher value then the

  • 11:28

    fate of Rotterdam.

  • 11:29

    However, if strategically seemed the fate of the country was already sealed, Rotterdam

  • 11:33

    needed to be speared.

  • 11:34

    Dutch supreme commander Winkelman agreed with Scharroo.

  • 11:39

    Scharroo therefore demanded for a signed request and a new ultimatium.

  • 11:46

    By that time German bombing planes were on their way.

  • 11:51

    Flares would've been fired as a sign to stop the bombing but because of a miscommunication

  • 11:58

    these weren't fired.

  • 12:01

    And so, the historical city centre of Rotterdam was bombed.

  • 12:06

    Around 800 Dutch civilians died.

  • 12:09

    One place the Germans did not managed to get through was the Afsluitdijk in the north.

  • 12:14

    There a small Dutch garrison managed to fend off several German attacks.

  • 12:21

    When the news of the surrender reached them, the soldiers were in shock and awe.

  • 12:30

    When the Dutch commander surrendered to the German commander he stated: 'Understand, the

  • 12:37

    only reason for laying down the arms is because of orders from high command, not because of

  • 12:45

    any given strategic circumstances.

  • 12:47

    You're still outside my position and without orders from high command you would remain

  • 12:50

    to do so for many days'.

  • 12:53

    On the 15th of May the Dutch supreme command signed the unconditional surrender.

  • 12:58

    The Dutch royal family as well as the government had made their way to England.

  • 13:04

    For the Dutch people the Occupation had begun.

  • 13:08

    There are much more interesting aspects of the Battle of the Netherlands not mentioned

  • 13:14

    so feel free to comment additional information below.

  • 13:18

    I am considering to shoot seperate episodes about the several battles that took place

  • 13:23

    in the Netherlands during the German invasion.

  • 13:26

    If you are interested in this, please, let me know in a comment below.

  • 13:29

    In 2015 I already shot one of these episodes in Rotterdam.

  • 13:30

    Check it out.

  • 13:31

    Furthermore I want to let you know that I started my very first fund raising page on

  • 13:35

    Patreon.

  • 13:36

    So, if you want to support me in my endeavours to elevate the hustling of history, links

  • 13:39

    are in the description.

  • 13:41

    Don't forget to subscribe.

  • 13:43

    Until next time!

All

The example sentences of PATROLS in videos (15 in total of 25)

roosevelt proper noun, singular flew noun, singular or mass patrols noun, plural in preposition or subordinating conjunction support noun, singular or mass of preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner kurds proper noun, singular over preposition or subordinating conjunction northern adjective iraq proper noun, singular as preposition or subordinating conjunction part noun, singular or mass of preposition or subordinating conjunction operation proper noun, singular provide verb, base form
other proper noun, singular patrols noun, plural made verb, past participle to to to to the determiner bridges noun, plural , only adverb to to see verb, base form them personal pronoun blown verb, non-3rd person singular present up preposition or subordinating conjunction in preposition or subordinating conjunction front noun, singular or mass of preposition or subordinating conjunction them personal pronoun .
all predeterminer the determiner time noun, singular or mass and coordinating conjunction the determiner other adjective boat noun, singular or mass would modal patrol verb, base form patrols noun, plural through preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner complete adjective area noun, singular or mass .
upgraded verb, past tense independent adjective suspension noun, singular or mass systems noun, plural the determiner cat noun, singular or mass 1 cardinal number is verb, 3rd person singular present a determiner 4 cardinal number x proper noun, singular 4 cardinal number variant noun, singular or mass used verb, past participle to to conduct verb, base form mounted verb, past participle patrols noun, plural
the determiner constant adjective german proper noun, singular patrols noun, plural would modal have verb, base form made verb, past participle it personal pronoun nearly adverb impossible adjective to to assemble verb, base form it personal pronoun in preposition or subordinating conjunction secret adjective .
which wh-determiner was verb, past tense thick adjective with preposition or subordinating conjunction allied verb, past participle patrols noun, plural , or coordinating conjunction steam noun, singular or mass north adverb - west noun, singular or mass through preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner north adverb sea proper noun, singular and coordinating conjunction around preposition or subordinating conjunction
the determiner efficiency noun, singular or mass of preposition or subordinating conjunction patrols noun, plural in preposition or subordinating conjunction one cardinal number of preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner most adverb, superlative sensitive adjective traffic noun, singular or mass areas noun, plural for preposition or subordinating conjunction migratory adjective flows noun, plural
he personal pronoun records verb, 3rd person singular present that preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner 54 cardinal number war noun, singular or mass patrols noun, plural mounted verb, past participle into preposition or subordinating conjunction this determiner region noun, singular or mass were verb, past tense responsible adjective for preposition or subordinating conjunction 81 cardinal number sinkings noun, plural ,
crew proper noun, singular would modal be verb, base form required verb, past participle to to carry verb, base form out preposition or subordinating conjunction routine adjective patrols noun, plural , and coordinating conjunction would modal have verb, base form to to receive verb, base form extra adjective training noun, singular or mass
this determiner is verb, 3rd person singular present where wh-adverb they personal pronoun report verb, non-3rd person singular present everything noun, singular or mass that preposition or subordinating conjunction they personal pronoun come verb, non-3rd person singular present across preposition or subordinating conjunction in preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner field noun, singular or mass during preposition or subordinating conjunction their possessive pronoun patrols noun, plural
is verb, 3rd person singular present my possessive pronoun favourite noun, singular or mass arrow noun, singular or mass to to use verb, base form , not adverb just adverb because preposition or subordinating conjunction it personal pronoun s proper noun, singular useful adjective in preposition or subordinating conjunction neutralising verb, gerund or present participle patrols noun, plural , but coordinating conjunction
he personal pronoun then adverb signaled verb, past tense a determiner us personal pronoun b proper noun, singular - 17 cardinal number bomber noun, singular or mass to to notify verb, base form headquarters noun, singular or mass and coordinating conjunction send verb, base form search noun, singular or mass patrols noun, plural to to look verb, base form
the determiner navy noun, singular or mass is verb, 3rd person singular present quick adjective to to point verb, base form out preposition or subordinating conjunction that determiner this determiner won verb, past tense t proper noun, singular reduce verb, non-3rd person singular present the determiner number noun, singular or mass of preposition or subordinating conjunction deterrent noun, singular or mass patrols noun, plural
buffy proper noun, singular finds verb, 3rd person singular present the determiner gang noun, singular or mass in preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner middle noun, singular or mass of preposition or subordinating conjunction one cardinal number of preposition or subordinating conjunction their possessive pronoun vampire noun, singular or mass amateur noun, singular or mass slayer proper noun, singular patrols noun, plural .
many adjective times noun, plural by preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner japanese proper noun, singular , then adverb the determiner other adjective pilots noun, plural starts verb, 3rd person singular present to to finish verb, base form off preposition or subordinating conjunction the determiner other adjective japanese proper noun, singular patrols proper noun, singular .

Definition and meaning of PATROLS

What does "patrols mean?"

/pəˈtrōl/

noun
expedition to keep watch over area.
other
People or groups who check an area is safe.
verb
keep watch over area.

What are synonyms of "patrols"?
Some common synonyms of "patrols" are:
  • vigil,
  • guard,
  • watch,
  • monitoring,
  • policing,
  • beat,
  • beat-pounding,
  • patrolling,
  • round,
  • reconnoiter,
  • surveillance,
  • survey,
  • examination,
  • recce,

You can find detailed definitions of them on this page.