hi there it's asiya today i've prepared for  you 20 words that can be used in common ielts  

writing situations all these words are formal and  belong to less common vocabulary which means that  

using them in your writing will boost your  lexical resource score but knowing a word is never  

enough you need to know what exactly this word  means and how to use it in sentences correctly  

that's what really shows your english skills  and that's what you're about to learn today  

this is part two as a lesson and you can  watch part one here okay let's get started  

the first word is a notion it means  an idea a belief but this word is more  

formal so you could say some people reject  the notion that seeing violence on television  

has a harmful effect on children a great  collocation is preconceived notions  

a collocation means that these two  words are often used together in english  

a preconceived notion is an idea formed before you  have enough information or experience to decide  

to obtain it means to get something  especially by making an effort  

and you can use it instead of the most  common verb which is not very formal  

to get so instead of saying to get money to  get information to get advice you could say  

to obtain information to obtain permission  to obtain results to obtain advice and to  

obtain money please note that you don't need an  indefinite article in front of any of these nouns  

next to observe it means to see or notice  something a number of changes can be observed  

so that's the passive voice a research project  has been observing changes in the local population  

obstacle it means something that makes  it difficult to achieve something else  

obstacle to doing something the article  you need the proposition you need is  

two a lack of qualifications can be a major  obstacle to finding a job you can see the  

most important phrases in bold i think they  are really worth memorizing because you can  

use them in your essays a lack of qualifications  and a major obstacle to finding a job  

you could say to overcome all the obstacles  in the path of something or to become or to  

constitute an obstacle it means something is  an obstacle but to constitute is a formal verb  

and you could say a lack of qualifications  constitutes an obstacle to finding a job  

or population growth constitutes an obstacle to  economic development the next word is occupation  

it means a job or profession the college provides  training in a wide range of occupations so you can  

see to study that's mainly at school at university  but you can also say to train if you talk about  

something which is more professionally oriented  to provide training in a wide range of occupations  

it's harder to lose weight when  you have a sedentary occupation  

that again is a great collocation that means that  you sit all day perhaps in front of your computer  

a sedentary occupation the next word is an outcome  that is the result or effect of an action or event  

and we often use this word to talk about  something that is likely to happen in the future  

an outcome can be positive or negative and we  see that something influences decides determines  

the outcome you know sometimes you learn a  new word but then you don't use it because  

you don't know which verb to use with this word  and then the word is useless and soon forgotten  

so you really need to learn all those phrases  in english here is another example better diet  

leads to improved health outcomes it means  that people who have a healthier diet  

are healthier themselves it is  important to evaluate the learning  

outcomes of the course so it's important to find  out what people have learned from the course  

next partial it means not complete or not whole  it was only a partial solution to the problem  

that is a common phrase a partial solution to  the problem or a partial answer to the question  

another word is entire it means  whole including everything  

and you can use it like that you can  see the entire world city country or  

in the past people often spend their entire career  working for the same company the next word is to  

possess it means to have or own something or to  have a particular quality or feature many people  

in central london do not possess a car so that's  a formal way to say they don't have a car or  

workers who possess the required skills for  the task again a simpler way would be to say  

that workers who have their quiet skills next  predominantly that means mostly mainly generally  

senior management posts are  predominantly held by men  

or female engineers work in a predominantly male  environment and that's a great word for ielts  

writing because it's not common that something  is a hundred percent so usually it's mostly so  

and you can say predominantly the  next adverb is principally it means  

mainly or chiefly the measures were principally  designed to tackle the problem of unemployment  

to tackle the problem is a good collocation it  means to make an effort to solve the problem  

you could also say to be principally  responsible for something  

to propose that means to suggest a plan and that's  a formal verb so it's more formal than to suggest  

since the idea was first  proposed no action has been taken  

you can also say the proposed solution to provide  that means to give something to somebody the rules  

should provide customers with a high level  of protection and we say to provide something  

for someone the government should be able to  provide viable social services for poorer families  

you can also say to provide someone with something  the government should be able to provide poorer  

families with viable social services so you can  use it either way but just make sure you memorize  

the correct proposition to reject that means  to refuse to accept or to refuse to consider  

something to reject a notion a plan  a request or to reject a job offer  

or a university application the proposal was  rejected as too costly it means the proposal was  

too costly too expensive and for this reason  it was rejected it was rejected as too costly  

repercussions that is a result and it is a  bit similar to the word outcome but it's used  

in its slightly different meaning repercussions  are indirect and bad results of an action or event  

that happen at some time in the future and it's  usually used in its plural form repercussions

to have far reaching repercussions  

any decrease in tourism could have serious  repercussions for the local economy another  

useful word is striking it means interesting and  unusual enough to attract attention so you could  

see the most striking feature of these results is  that left-handed mothers are more likely to have  

left-handed children to be left-handed means to  write with your left hand or to be right-handed  

you can say striking contrast striking  similarities or striking features substantial  

this is large in amount value or importance the  adjective big is so simple that it sounds informal  

in ielts writing and a great way to  substitute it with is substantial  

the findings show a substantial difference  between the opinions of men and women you can  

say substantial sums of money substantial changes  differences or improvements next to substitute  

to take the place of somebody or something else  and there are two ways to use it you can say to  

substitute a for b computers it substitute for  human interaction no book or cause of study can  

substitute for experience but you can also say  to substitute b with a or to substitute b by a  

and if we use the same examples we could  say we cannot substitute human interactions  

with computers but in ielts writing task 2  you should try not to use we too often in  

this case we need to use the passive voice human  interactions cannot be substituted with computers  

or experience can be substituted  with no book or course of study  

we could also say experience cannot be  substituted by a book or a course of studies

underlying that is important in a  situation but not easily noticed  

unemployment may be an underlying cause of the  rising crime rate it means the crime rate is  

is rising because of the unemployment but it's  not immediately obvious and that is a collocation  

an underlying cause of something we need  to tackle the underlying causes of poverty  

to be willing that is to be happy to do  something if it's required if it's needed  

many consumers are willing to pay more for  organic food young people are willing to  

pay substantial sums of money to study at  prestigious universities okay you can find  

all the words and phrases from today's lesson  in the video description box below there you  

can also find a link to download a pdf with  all the 30 words and phrases for your task too  

and of course you can watch the first part of this  lesson with words from a to n the link is right on  

the screen thank you for watching me today and  good luck with your preparation and your exam