Elon Musk has identified a number of new discoveries found by NASA's Mars Rover hello
everyone and welcome back to Elon Musk Evolution where we keep you up to date on all the latest
news and gossip relating to our favorite South African billionaire Elon Musk and his globally
renowned companies in today's video we will find out how musk threw the operations of
NASA has discovered some new observations in the ongoing Mars exploration project
ever since an early age Elon Musk has been eagerly aspiring to one day explore the depths of space in
particular since his days in PayPal he envisioned to send spacecraft and development projects to
Mars with the goal of eventually making the red planet habitable for humans in 2001 musk donated
one hundred thousand dollars to the Mars Society to promote efforts to probe and colonize the
planet currently he announced the start of his pet project Mars Oasis to send plants to Mars in order
to develop possible vegetation as well as oxygen necessary for human life musk felt that the only
way for humans to explore Mars was to develop the existing rocket and propulsion technology
at the time initially he attempted to purchase used denipper icbms from Russian contractors
with the aid of CIA administrator Mike Griffin an entrepreneur Jim Cantrell however due to the
sudden creation of the U.S missile defense agency the previously positive Russian suppliers backed
away from the deal leaving musk in the dark out of frustration the billionaire decided to form
his own rocket company naming it SpaceX shortly after in March 2002. within a few years the space
startup quickly began work on its first major project the Falcon 1 small lift orbital launch
vehicle after famously failing three consecutive launches from 2006 to 2008 and verging on the edge
of bankruptcy musk and his company finally turned their fortunes around when in late September 2008
the fourth launch was successful and two months later NASA approved the project and provided the
company with the contract funding since then SpaceX has gone from stride to stride with the
continuous upgradation and development of further Falcon models the development of the Falcon 9
rocket and dragon spacecraft the creation of the boring company for developing high-speed
land tunnel networks and the development of the Starling satellite internet communications
Network NASA prominence NASA short for National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an
independent agency of the U.S government with the purview of space and aeronautical research
and exploration the agency was initially formed in 1958 being the successor to the National advisory
committee for Aeronautics in order to develop the US's space research and development efforts
vis-a-vis the buildup of the Soviet Union's own agency the Soviet space program when the Soviets
launched Mankind's first ever artificial satellite called the Sputnik one on October 4th 1957 the
incumbent U.S Administration became alarmed by the sudden perceived technological advancement of the
USSR relative to their own program in response then president Dwight D Eisenhower commissioned
for the immediate buildup and deployment of a new agency which would pull the collective financial
and intellectual capacities of the government military Academia and private Enterprise thereby
leading to an act which officially created NASA thus beginning the space race between
the two great superpowers it wasn't until NASA carried out its Apollo space program did the
Power Balance shift in favor of the Americans otherwise known as project Apollo the program
was a series of manned spaced flights in low earth orbit which ran from 1968 to 1972 and took over
the previous Project Gemini and project Mercury programs which were the first American initiative
to send men to space beginning with Alan Shepard on May 5th 1961. Shepard was in fact the second
man to travel in space behind the Soviet Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin who achieved the momentous feat just
a month earlier on April 12 1961. it was the passionate National goal of President John F
Kennedy of Landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth while giving an address to
Congress on May 25 1961. the very first astronauts in the Apollo program attempt to successfully set
foot on the Moon being Apollo 11 where the duo of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin who landed
their Apollo lunar module on July 20th 1969 and walked on the lunar surface while Michael
Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command and service module all three men landed safely
on Earth in the Pacific Ocean four days later five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts
on the Moon the last Apollo 17 in December 1972. in these six space flights 12 people walked on
the moon since then NASA has been pioneering many national as well as International efforts in the
fields of space research and exploration some of the major historical and upcoming projects
undertaken by the agency includes the earlier mentioned Apollo moon landing missions the Skylab
space station the space shuttle program financial and logistical support for the International Space
Station development of the Orion spacecraft as part of the larger Artemis program to resend
Men Back To The Moon the space launch system commercial crew vehicles and the Planned lunar
Gateway space station which would orbit the Moon similarly spacex's very creation was due to the
generous support and assistance of the then NASA administrator Mike Griffin who helped musk secure
funding for his new startup in order to research and develop emerging space Technologies in every
step NASA has acted as a big brother of sorts for musk and his team including for spacex's
latest projects like Raptor engines Starship spacecraft and starlink satellite Communications
insight's new discoveries recently NASA's Mars Insight short for interior exploration using
seismic investigations godc and heat transport Lander has uncovered a few new discoveries based
on seismic data analysis the spacecraft initially touched ground on the surface of Mars on May 5th
2018 when it landed on Elysium planetia a flat smooth plane near the Martian equator its most
important instrument includes a seismometer that measures vibrations caused by Mars Quakes and
crashing meteorites the technology called seismic experiment for interior structure can also provide
accurate 3D models of the planet's interior and measure heat signatures the craft was a joint
project developed by Lockheed Martin space system managed by NASA's jet propulsion laboratory and
built by various European agencies the total cost for the spacecraft is estimated at 830 million
dollars at the time of its launch in 2018. the first discovery is that the top 300 meters of
the planet subsurface Beneath The Landing site near the Martian equator contains little or no I
ice regarding the discovery geophysicist vashan Wright of Scripps institution of oceanography
at the University of California San Diego commented we find that Mars crust is weak
and porous the sediments are not well cemented and there's no ice or not much ice filling the
poor spaces these findings don't preclude that there could be grains of ice or small balls of
ice that are not cementing other minerals together the question is How likely is ice to be present
in that form the second Discovery goes against the Notions of a leading theory regarding The
Disappearance of Martian water previously the general consensus was that the planet may have
harbored oceans of water earlier in its 4.5 billion years of History Michael manga who is
Chairman of Earth and planetary science at the University of California Berkeley commented if
you put water in contact with rocks you produce a brand new set of minerals like clay so the
water is not a liquid it's part of the mineral structure there is some cement but the rocks
are not full of cement so the water may also go into minerals without acting as cement this
means that the lack of cement on the subsurface shows one sign of preserving a record of life or
biological activity cement in this nature tends to hold rocks and sediments together protecting the
substances from erosion this means that the dearth of cemented sediments implies a water scarcity of
300 meters below insight's Landing site near the equator as Mars equator has below freezing average
temperatures conditions would be cold enough to freeze water if it's found there according to
manga as scientists were now confronted with the best data the best observations and our
models predicted that there should still be frozen ground at that Latitude with aquifers underneath
researchers can link this data to a huge mass of knowledge about the surface including images
of Martian landforms and temperature data the surface information shows that the subsurface
might be made of sedimentary rock and lava flows however the team still had to hedge for unknowns
about subsurface characteristics such as mineral content and porosity the seismic waves from Mars
Quakes yields Clues regarding the nature of the materials they pass through possible cementing
minerals such as calcite calvinite clay and gypsum affect seismic velocities Rights group at Scripps
oceanography implemented Rock physics computer modeling to analyze the velocities derived from
the Insight data the main goal for the continuous probing of the Martian surface is to identify the
possibility of either extinct or extant life on the red planet as there is no liquid water
on the surface any potential subsurface life would be shielded from radiation following a
sample return Mission a NASA priority for the next decade is the Mars life Explorer Mission
concept the target is to drill two meters into the Martian crust at a high latitude in order to
search for life where ice rock in the atmosphere comes together a similar project under NASA's
consideration is the proposed International robotic Mars Ice mapper mission which would
Aid NASA to identify potential science goals for the first human missions to Mars the team
at Scripps oceanography would help prepare young scientists to contribute to such missions indeed
the new discoveries will assist both NASA and musk's SpaceX in further developing the necessary
research and equipment to further probe the red planet with the eventual goal of sending humans
to Mars and facilitating potential vegetation and habitation of Earth's nearest planet
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