In order to find the most suitable ways
to extinguish fires they have been
classified into five simple categories
Class A for ordinary combustible
materials such as wood paper clothes etc
class b four oil and other flammable
liquids Class C for gases class d for
fires in metal clasp f-class k in the US
for burning cooking oil
click on the symbols for
under normal conditions class a material
such as wood paper and clothes do not
give off vapor that can be ignited but
if warden paper heated by a few hundred
degrees ignition can take place
fortunately class a material is fairly
easily cooled below its ignition point
when it will cease to give a flammable
vapor and combustion will end
therefore the best way to extinguish a
fire involving class a material is water
applied in the form of a spray this
table summarizes the use of different
extinguishing agents according to the
actual fire categories
class b fires are fires with oil and
other flammable liquids oils have a wide
range of flashpoints as far as ships are
concerned they may vary from minus
thirty degree centigrade to more than 60
degrees centigrade obviously oils with a
flashpoint as low as minus thirty degree
centigrade cannot be called below the
flashpoint by applying water and spray
or any other form for this reason
cutting off the available supply of
oxygen by covering the surface with foam
is considered to be the best method for
extinguishing an oil fire
until the present day co2 and how long
have been in regular use due to the ban
on how long since the first of January
1995 new alternative gases have come out
on the market all inert gases work by
limiting the oxygen supply to fires in
enclosed areas
Imogen orgonite and and 104 go tech are
examples of inert gases Halon is an
inhibitor it is important to note that
in north america the classification
system is slightly different than the
international system and that in north
america class c is used to designate
electrical fires even though both gas
and electrical fires can be extinguished
with co2 or hail on it is still
important that these different
classification systems are not confused
with each other since these two types of
fires have different characteristics
class-d fires are comparatively rare and
usually require special extinguishing
methods powder extinguishers can also be
used and are equally efficient if it is
possible to reach the source of the fire
class d fires are fires that involve
metals such as magnesium titanium
potassium lithium calcium sodium uranium
plutonium as well as other flammable
metals these fires burn at extremely
high temperatures are highly reactive
and can easily spread to other materials
in the surrounding area many common
firefighting agents such as water or
foam can actually excite these types of
fires or cause an explosion firefighting
gases such as Halon or co2 can react
with the fires releasing toxic gases
such as phosgene fluoro fortune or
carbon monoxide dry powder is the
recommended extinguishing agent for
class d fires though there is no single
extinguisher agent that is approved for
all Class D fires there are several
types of class DEA agents and it is
important that the agent to be used is
compatibility approved for the material
that is burning dry powder must not be
confused with dry chemical agents has
some dry chemical extinguisher agents
can also excite these types of fires
common dry powder agents include sodium
chloride granules and graphite or copper
powder these agents work by smothering
and heat absorption operation of these
extinguishers differs and it is
important that the operator has received
training specific to the equipment being
used
cross F fires involve cooking oils or
fats they are different than class b
fires in that they have a higher also
ignition temperature and are much harder
to extinguish the typical flammable
liquids such as petrol in order to
extinguish a class f-fire the
temperature must be lowered below the
autoignition temperature and the flames
must be extinguished
this makes extinguishing such a fire
with a non classé extinguishing agent
very dangerous due to the high level of
heat use of water on this type of fire
is very dangerous as it will result in
an explosion spreading the burning oil
as the water is quickly converted into
steam conventional photo is not always
effective either because the high
temperature quickly destroys the phone
blanket exposing the surface of the oil
which can result in recognition of the
fire co2 and ABC extinguishes are also
in effective since they do not seal the
surface of oil from oxygen and any
flames put out by such extinguishers are
likely to reignite such extinguishers
also pose a risk of spreading the fire
due to their discharge force easily
spilling the oil onto the surrounding
area class F extinguishers are either
wet or dry chemical based and in some
cases phone-based with special additives
they're blanketing effect is similar to
that of class b extinguishes but with
greater cooling effect they work by
reacting with the burning oil creating a
soapy layer on the surface that both
calls the fire and prevents the
flammable vapors from reacting with
oxygen class F extinguishers should
however not be used on class b fires
since their extinguishing agents only
react with animal fats and vegetable
oils
water is normally the most suitable
extinguisher to fight class a Fire's
water extinguishes the fire by cooling
it below the ignition point that means
it removes the heat side in the fire
triangle water is a very important
extinguishing agent on board it is cheap
and easily available in large quantities
in spite of the many types of fire
extinguishing mediums now available
water is still a suitable overall
substance for extinguishing all fires
provided it can be applied in sufficient
quantity water is supplied to the hoses
by the fire mains from the pumps
click on the buttons to learn more
portable water extinguishes can be used
as an effective tool in reducing or
controlling the spread of fire the water
reduces the temperature of the burning
material below its ignition point thus
extinguishing the fire
the most efficient way to extinguish
fire is by water spray when applied in
the form of spray the water evaporates
to remove the heat and calls the burning
substance below its flash point far more
rapidly than applied by a jet in
addition the wide-angle provided by the
spray will protect the firefighter from
the heat of the fire applying by spray
normally you should combat fire by spray
when applied in the form of spray the
water evaporates to remove the heat and
calls the burning substance below its
flash point far more rapidly and if
applied by a jet
the fire hoses are placed in cabinets
together with their nozzles you will
find a fire hose connection close to the
cabinet or inside the cabinet itself the
nozzle is a combined jet spray nozzle
fire cabinet
the fire hoses are placed in cabinets
together with their nozzles you will
find a fire hose connection close to the
cabinet or inside the cabinet itself the
nozzle is a combined jet spray nozzle
sprinkler system
a sprinkler system is normally used to
protect the accommodation area it
extinguishes or prevents fire by
spraying water from nozzles in the
ceiling depending on the system the
sprinkler system is activated manually
from the bridge or engine room
automatically when a nozzle is exposed
to heat
fire pump and hydrant
the fire pump will supply water to the
fire hoses by the hydrants the sprinkler
system
the phone system
the fire pump is started from the bridge
or the engine room
co2 extinguishers for fire mainly by
cutting off the oxygen supply co2 gas
does not conduct electricity and is the
most suitable medium for extinguishing
electrical fires and operates on the
principle of smothering the fire by
displacing the oxygen co2 is available
through a fixed installation system and
portable extinguishes
click on the button for more information
the master in closely as on with the
chief
ania will make the decision to use the
fixed co2 extinguisher system before
releasing the system the following shall
be carried out the co2 alarm must be put
into operation all ventilation should be
closed all engine room fans and
ventilation must be stopped and fire
flaps closed all co2 protected areas are
evacuated the engine room paint shop an
incinerator room must be completely
evacuated and ensure that all personnel
are accounted for their system shall
only be released on the masters order
grab the insulated part of the discharge
horn be aware that the co2 discharged is
extremely cold minus 78 degrees celsius
so always remember to grab the insulated
part of the discharge form and use
caution in the event that you must use
the extinguisher on someone that is on
fire
the extinguisher should not be
discharged close to the skin and
directly spraying onto sensitive areas
such as the face should be avoided when
using a co2 extinguisher sweep the
discharge horn across the fire the
discharge time for a 6 kilo extinguisher
is about 20 seconds
foam extinguishes the fire mainly by
cutting off the oxygen supply foam is
available through hoses and nozzles
portable extinguishers and fixed foam
guns
click on the buttons for more
information
foam is especially suitable for use on
flammable liquids such as oils paints
etc let the phone fight its own way over
the burning liquids the phone should not
be discharged into the burning liquid
but directed at the opposite wall of the
area in order to flow gently over the
surface thus forming a seal which
prevents the vapor mixing with oxygen
home must be applied continuously and
without interruption
the foam equipment consists of one phone
storage tank one fo monitor one booster
pump for firewater phone production
requires phone concentrate and water
concentrate is mixed with water at the
proportionate ER air is drawn in and
mixed with the solution to produce foam
at the foam hydrants and monitors add
the proportionate ER concentrate is next
with water from the fire main at a rate
of three percent the resulting phone
solution is fed to the phone monitors
and foam hydrants on deck here air is
drawn in and mixes with the solution to
produce foam
powder breaks the chain reaction in the
fire triangle
dry powder is useful in dealing with
liquid spill fires the medium however no
cooling effect so the danger of
recognition must be considered it might
be necessary to cool the material with
water after the fire has been put out
powder is suitable for electrical fires
as well
since dry powder is non conducting it is
suitable for electrical fires as well
but not so well suited for fires
involving free building materials where
the cooling effect of water is needed
click on the button for more information
dry powder system
powder systems are used on board gas
carriers for the protection of the deck
area the dry powder system extinguishes
or prevents the fire by covering an area
with powder which reacts chemically with
the fire the powder is released from the
storage tank through powder guns
the system is activated from designated
release areas
halon 1301 is listed as a CFC gasps as
of January the first 1994 Halen systems
are not installed on board new ships
Halon systems are used to protect the
engine and pump room the Halon 1301
system extinguishes fire in the
protected space by releasing Halon gas
which react chemically with the fire it
is activated from designated release
areas
powder breaks the chain reaction in the
halon 1301
you are now going to watch a video pay
close attention as you will be asked to
complete some tasks when the video is
finished
select the fire extinguisher you find
most suitable in this situation
co2 extinguisher
this is a correct alternative in this
situation co2 put out the fire
efficiently and there is no pollution
however if you have the pot live nearby
the most suitable way to put out the
fire will be to place it on top of the
pot and remove the pot from the heat
powder extinguisher
this is a correct alternative powder
wire efficiently in this situation but
does cause dust pollution
hey water extinguisher
this was the wrong alternative as you've
seen never use water especially in the
form of a jet on burning liquids