"It's very very important that the science we do and what we produce is available to everybody to
society" The European Council for nuclear research has made many important discoveries since its
Inception nearly 60 years ago and are still trying to unravel the mysteries of the universe let's
look at 10 Mysteries of the universe that their experiments are currently looking to solve number
10 uncovering the Higgs field the God particle was discovered over a decade ago within the first few
years that the Large Hadron Collider was turned on The elusive particle known as the Higgs boson
was theorized nearly 60 years ago by a group of theoretical physicists as an answer to how
certain fundamental particles gain their mass and was first detected when the LHC was able to knock
a Higgs particle out of its field bosons such as photons are particles that carry energy and
forces throughout our universe and these particles can form fields in which others can interact such
as the electromagnetic field that many of us are familiar with but this discovery did not
unlock all of the Mysteries that some physicists were hoping for where does the rest of the mass
in the universe come from and why do certain particles like the photon have no mass is it
simply that they cannot interact with the Higgs field future experiments with the LHC May uncover
additional Mysteries of the Higgs boson that can give researchers a deeper view into the universe
some have even considered that this particular boson may offer Clues to the question what is
dark matter and then we discovered it and then we make Precision measurements and now we're actually
using it as a tool to look for new physics number nine where is the rest of the universe's matter
throughout the whole universe ordinary matter the stuff that makes up everything we see accounts
for less than 20 percent of all matter the remaining eighty percent of matter falls under
what scientists call dark matter which like its name suggests is dark in that it does not
interact with light in any way we can detect making it impossible for us to actually see
with our current instruments researchers can only find where it is based on the gravitational force
it generates but this hasn't stopped researchers from coming up with new theories as to how they
may be able to finally detect this material and figure out what it's made of there are a number of
particles that are considered candidates for dark matter with many of them being strange unknown
particles which happen to be the LHC specialty researchers have the best chance they have ever
had to uncover the mysteries of dark matter with the help of the LHC smashing particles together
and seeing what comes out but this isn't the only dark mystery CERN is hoping to solve number eight
what makes up the rest of the universe while Dark Matter makes up around 80 percent of all
matter in the universe there is another much larger component of the universe about 68 of
the universe's total energy is a mysterious type of energy that scientists have named dark energy
now dark energy and dark matter don't have anything in common but that name simply refers to
the fact that scientists have detected these and are shrouded in mystery and dark energy is thought
to be responsible for causing the universe to continue its expansion at an ever increasing pace
some theories have put dark energy as a type of force or field that permeates the entire universe
and if these theories are true researchers at the LHC should be able to detect its Force carrying
particle which may be very heavy like Higgs boson and be found in much the same way or it
may be extremely light which would require a new reinterpretation of the data to see what
has appeared number seven a wimpy candidate for dark matter for a number of years the LHC
has been investigating a certain category of particles known as weekly interacting massive
particles or wimps these particles got their name because they do not absorb lights emit
light and do not interact with other particles very strongly but when one wimp interacts with
another they completely annihilate each other and give off gamma rays as a result
hypotheses show that wimps do interact with gravity and may interact with additional forces
that currently exist outside the standard model so far the LHC has yet to spot one of these particles
but the results they have received while searching for this dark matter candidate have shown that
wimps may not be involved with dark matter but has helped researchers come up with new directions
to follow on the hunt for dark matter number six the particle that may solve both the dark matter
and a symmetry problem axions are a hypothetical fundamental particle that was introduced into the
particle physics community in 1977. it was first proposed to solve a certain problem with Quantum
chromodynamics which deals with the strong interactions between quarks within certain
processes there is a charge and parity symmetry that physicists have had trouble understanding
because with the information we have it should not be possible to keep the Symmetry intact
now axions are considered to be another candidate for dark matter new theories show that a massive
number of axions could have been created during the Big Bang flooding the universe with an insane
amount of low energy low mass particles that would be extremely difficult to detect
physicists are eager to catch one of the axions in one of the lhc's detectors and lay this mystery to
rest number 5. the ghost particles nicknamed ghost particles neutrinos are tiny little particles that
eluded detection until 2021 when one was finally seen at the LHC particles are strange because they
have no electrical charge a mass so small that there was a long debate on whether or not they
had mass at all there are countless neutrinos in the universe as they are created in many
Quantum processes for instance every second the sun generates 10 to 38th power neutrinos
and all around 100 trillion of these particles pass through your body but don't worry they
will pass right through you as they very rarely interact with matter due to their minuscule size
now that neutrinos have finally been confirmed to be detected researchers at CERN will be able
to refine their experiments and learn more about these ghostly particles that fill our universe
number four recreating The Early Universe to solve a problem there is a theory called super symmetry
that suggests that all of these fundamental particles that make up the standard model have
super particle counterparts that have different spin from their Partners even though it has not
been proven yet it is a vital part of the standard model that helps the whole system work these super
particles are thought to have been generated in the very early Universe alongside all the other
particles forming such as the photon and electron researchers working at the Large Hadron Collider
are hopeful that they will be able to create conditions close to the early Universe which
may make the signs of supersymmetry much easier to see there are also researchers who believe that
the LHC has already created these supersymmetric particles but they escape the detector's ndk
before anyone can realize what was there number three what came first matter or antimatter
most of us have heard that during the Big Bang both matter and antimatter were formed in very
similar quantities but for some reason there was slightly more matter than antimatter this
asymmetry between the two allowed our universe to be filled with matter rather than completely
empty as murder and antimatter annihilate each other as soon as they meet isn't behind the
disparity of these two types of matter continue to baffle and puzzle physicists around the world
the LHC has been working to investigate the mining differences between matter and antimatter and try
to understand why this asymmetry came out of the birth of our universe number two is the standard
model right the standard model is one of if not the best version of The Theory of Everything that
scientists currently have to explain our universe it accurately describes much of the interactions
between Quantum particles while helping predict many particles that were discovered years later
but even now the standard model is likely far from being complete and has yet to include explanations
for dark matter or dark energy the LHC is at the Forefront of uncovering new parts of the
standard model as well as allowing researchers to peer behind the curtain of process and discover
new aspects of processes that were previously thought to be fully understood in the years to
come it will be exciting to watch how the LHC will help scientists expand and stretch the
standard model to fully explain our reality number one unknown Mysteries one of the most
exciting things that the Large Hadron Collider has shown us is that we can always predict what will
be detected when particles are smashed together and the LHC is the best in the world at this the
energy levels that the LHC can achieve blows all other particle accelerators out of the water and
has led to the discovery of many new particles over a 10-year span the LHC alone discovered 59
new types of hadron particles including a rare and never before seen combination of quarks
as the CERN continues to improve their experiments and increase the power of the accelerator the
number of particles that can be created during the collisions will continue to grow only time will
tell what other Mysteries the LHC will be able to uncover thanks for watching let us know down
below if there are any discoveries you are hoping to be made at CERN see you next time on Matter!