what's that
listening
letting go
i presume she knows what she's talking
about but
hi
james from ingrid
this lesson goes out to jen from
tennessee she asked about the difference
between
presume
and assume and today we're going to work
on it thanks jen because as a
actually i like to think of myself as
someone who likes to read a lot and has
a pretty good handle handle means like
control over knowledge of english i was
just surprised when i was working with
assume and presume how similar they are
and the differences so let me help you
today all right guys let's go to the
board
presume or assume
even a lot of native speakers make a
mistake when using it
actually i'm kind of lying because they
just generally use assume and don't
bother with presume it's only usually
used for formal occasions
but what does assume mean well let's
look at the word mr e assume the
position
as you can see he has his arms and legs
spread out if you've ever done this
before boys and girls
you need to go home early and you need a
spanking your parents should raise you
better that means to bring you up better
because you're a bad person
to assume to take up
really we mean to take which means to go
or to start
if he assumed responsibility at the
company it means he started
responsibility he started to do
something or she started right they
assumed control they took control at
that time and started to be in control
from then on
next position
that's a position
now sometimes people say assume the
position in baseball you're going to get
down and get the bat ready assume the
position
if you're going to jail assume the
position
there's other positions you can assume
but that's for another time
okay so that's what we mean by assume
and i should have explained to start
form assume
at means away from evidence usually when
we assume something
we
don't have evidence
we think it's true that's it we just
believe or think we have nothing to show
us it's true
i assume the sun will come up tomorrow i
have no proof or evidence i just think
so
okay
so that leads us to this one believe and
expect
we just believe it so we expect
something to happen
it doesn't mean there's a reason for it
to happen it's just my belief in
expectations
okay
so i believe um i will be here tomorrow
because well i'm here today
no proof
but hoping it'll be true tomorrow okay
another one for assume is pretend
she assumed the dead woman's identity
all right she pretended to be the dead
woman it kind of comes with start you
start something but with pretend you
continue to do it so when somebody
assumes someone's identity they take it
on so superman and clark kent he assumed
the identity of clerk kent because he's
superman really and he pretends to be
clark kent cool
another one
think
sometimes people will say let's assume
this is true
and they mean let's pretend so we can
think about it
let's assume we're all rich millionaires
living in brazil right now and we're
having champagne
all right
we're not because we're watching this
video but let's assume let's think or
pretend
okay
because there's no evidence to say
anything opposite we can just assume
anything and that's why it's used in
more informal english and used more
regularly by english speakers
presume though
presume has a different meaning
but just before we get there let's look
at assume as a verb right assume
assuming
as a noun we want to say assumption
that's an assumption you made you said
something you didn't have evidence you
just said it was true now let's look at
the adjective we can have assumed when
you assumed something you took it for
granted you just said let's it's just
true
once again there's no evidence you just
said it's true
but if you can assume something like you
assumed i loved you you just took it
that i loved you you didn't have
evidence and you didn't even care
that's what we mean by take for granted
taken for granted means you don't care
you just say it's true and i don't care
about anything else i'm not going to put
the time or effort to even try to prove
it
okay another adjective meaning is
assuming and unassuming
assuming in this case is quite funny if
you use it here it means sort of like
arrogant overconfident
in an assuming smile because it's like i
know but remember
it's without evidence so you shouldn't
really be assuming in this way
the other opposite funny is unassuming
which means common or normal
he had an unassuming smile like it's
average and common nothing special
nothing threatening threatening means
make you feel afraid
right the house had an unassuming appeal
to it
a common or normal appeal so you might
like it
one thing we use in english
to actually explain assume is
because it comes away there is no
connection with evidence we usually say
don't assume or you make an ass which is
a donkey an animal or you make yourself
stupid you make an ass out of you that's
you the invid viewer and me
so don't assume
so if you're not too sure of this lesson
make sure you go back over it again and
don't assume you understand it until you
mustered it
now let's look at presume
it looks
very similar
to assume in fact they both share in
something truth
right
somebody believes something is true
in this case you assume without evidence
so you think it's true but you haven't
got any evidence to say it's true
in this case it's interesting
you think it's true because of something
evidence you had from before
okay
when i said here the sun will come up i
assumed it would i had no evidence i
didn't care
on this one i say to you i presumed it
would come up because it came up tamed
up
it came up yesterday it came up the day
before and the day before that and the
last hundred years it came up therefore
i presume based on previous evidence
now remember evidence from yesterday or
proof doesn't mean it's going to happen
tomorrow
but it gives you an idea it might and
that's why we use presume
in fact
in law in canada and the united states
and great britain we say you are
presumed
innocent that means we until until
proven guilty we believe you are
innocent based on evidence from prior
cases and that means before cases you
are innocent
until we have something opposite to
prove you are guilty
okay
presumed innocent
france is the exact opposite by the way
you're presumed guilty until proven
innocent so don't think it's everywhere
in the world all right now you'll notice
how i explain that and it comes here so
look believe until contrary contrary is
this fancy word that just means
oops
contrary to belief i can't spell english
i forgot the c-o-n sorry kotteri
it's a new english word welcome to invid
contrary to the contrary okay um yeah so
what happens is as i said with the law
you are innocent until we see something
opposite
the next one is if this is true and this
is what happens do you remember i gave
the example about the sun
yesterday the day before it kept coming
up so then because of that i have strong
evidence so i believe what i say is
right
this leads people to become
overconfident and in some cases arrogant
because they have some knowledge from
before they think now i know everything
so anything i say is right and i can
presume which is to believe based on
experience from before everything is
true
well boys and girls most of us know now
that if uh you go past your country and
go on the water you don't fall off the
edge of the earth
a lot of people presumed this before
because ships weren't built very well
with ghosts sailing and disappear so
they would say a giant monster at the
end of the earth would eat people
because we know from evidence they never
come back
we know better now right but they were
overconfident and arrogant so they
didn't even try to check if the facts
are right so be careful of presumption
presumption there we go presumption is
the noun form of presume presume is the
verb
and if we go down here presuming or
presumptuous we'll notice these two
words which are adjectives to describe
something go right back up to arrogant
and confident or sorry overconfident
now i don't want to presume too much
here
but i'm going to assume
i know i have no evidence right now that
this lesson was pretty good for you
we're going to do a quick recap because
i don't want you making any assumptions
on your own that might be incorrect
and our unassuming worm friend he's
relaxed so he's going to give me a
minute to do this for you all right so
what we want to remember is a for assume
is away from evidence you're there's no
evidence to help you to prove it's true
so when you assume something you say i
just assumed because nobody told me i
had no other evidence i had to assume
you understand
presume means before so if you presume
you should be able to show someone some
evidence that this is why you thought it
would be true
presume is formal usually used in law or
medicine right where they have evidence
and they can say because of this and
this i presume this would be true assume
is commonly used in fact 95 of the time
canadians will say this and they won't
say that even though presume is more
accurate
you can test your knowledge you know
where you're going to test it well
i want you to
assume you're going to learn right
and you're going to go to a special
place called invid and you can assume
you'll learn something expect and
believe right
and then you'll start assuming the
identity of a english speaker yeah i
presume from there
well i hope i'm wrong
that you might start getting
overconfident and arrogant don't do that
okay because if you do that and you
presume too much you might make a fool
of yourself
so you're not going to believe up until
something contrary happens all right so
that was a quick overview
and i need you to go to www
dot
assuming you have a computer right
my fantastic worm
and
i did it again man i did it no con no
calm ah
assuming i can teach english you could
probably presume i would get these two
right right right anyway
you go to www.invid.com
and then you can actually stop assuming
and start presuming that you have
mustered this language thanks and i'm
out i'm going to work on.com and
contrary.com and
i assume i'll learn it by the time i get
back dot com contrary.com and contrary