Hello and welcome to the 56th video of 3 Minuten Deutsch.
In this episode, I will teach you how you form the relative pronouns and ho you use them.
If you want a worksheet for this, you can find that on my Patreon page.
Cool Intro Music
First I have to explain what the relative pronouns are.
They are pronouns, that one uses in order to give more information about a noun.
In the sentence that I just said, "die" is our relative pronoun. "die man verwendet" is a relative clause.
A relative clause is simply a dependent clause that starts with a relative pronoun.
What do the relative pronouns look like?
They mostly look like the der-words,
but in the plural dative one uses "denen"
and the relative pronouns in genitive are "dessen, deren, dessen, deren".
If you want to see a table for that, it looks like this. (Points to the wrong side of the screen)
How do you use these words?
We need a few examples in order to really understand that.
We will start with the nominative.
The relative clause is in the middle of the sentence, because it describes "der Mann".
I used the relative pronoun "der",
because the noun "der Mann" is masculine and the relative pronoun is in the nominative case in the relative clause.
As you can see in this sentence, it isn't important in which case the noun is,
but rather only in which case the relative pronoun is.
The noun "die Frau" stands in the dative case, therefore "der Frau".
The relative pronoun, however, is in the nominative case, because it is the subject of the dependent clause.
Obviously, one can use the relative pronouns in the other cases.
Here are a few examples in the accusative and dative.
In genitive, the relative pronouns are a bit more complicated, but that's how it is with genitive.
The relative pronoun in genitive are like a type of possessive pronouns.
They have to have a noun behind them and they have to show
that the noun belongs to the previously mentioned noun. I'll show you what I mean.
As you can probably see, it isn't important what gender the second noun is.
It is only important what gender the first noun has.
In the first sentence it is the man who owns something
therefore we say "dessen Hund".
In the second sentence it is the woman who owns something, therefore we say "deren Auto".
In these examples, we can see that it is also not important in which case the second noun is.
The first subject dictates which relative pronoun we need in the sentence.
I know that we don't have enough examples for this topic, however, this video is already too long.
Write more examples in the comments and I will correct them.
If you want more examples and an English explanation about this topic, you can find that on my blog.
That is all for today. Thanks for watching. Until next time. Bye.