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It has been one of the greatest surprises of the Space Age -
powerful magnetic fields pervade the cosmos.
Mainstream astronomy and astrophysicists do indeed acknowledge pervasive cosmic magnetism,
but they did not predict it, and the realization has come begrudgingly.
Some perspective into these ideas can be gleaned from an early online NASA feature
from the 1990s, which asked the question,
“Do magnetic fields exist throughout space?”
It states, “On the cosmological scale,
there is no data to suggest that magnetic fields are present.
They certainly are not important in the dynamics of the universe
for any reasonable range of field strengths
consistent with present observational constraints.”
Of course, like countless other consensus ideas in cosmology,
discovery has shown no regard for these commonly held beliefs.
The now unavoidable problem of cosmic magnetism in astronomy
is acknowledged in a 2011 Universe Today piece, which states:
“The mention of cosmic-scale magnetic fields is still likely to be met
with an uncomfortable silence in some astronomical circles
– and after a bit of foot-shuffling and throat-clearing,
the discussion will be moved on to safer topics.
But look, they’re out there.
They probably do play a role in galaxy evolution, if not galaxy formation
– and are certainly a feature of the interstellar medium and the intergalactic medium.”
The reason magnetic fields in space are so problematic
for standard, gravity-only cosmology is self-evident
– possibly apart from bar magnets,
only electric currents produce magnetic fields.
And for many decades,
plasma cosmology had proposed that electric currents over vast cosmic distances
play a significant role in the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies.
Plasma cosmology predicted that stars would be found to form
along vast networks of filaments,
like pearls on a string, an outrageous prediction that discovery confirmed.
The plasma scientist Dr. Anthony Perratt of Los Alamos laboratories
demonstrated experimentally that galactic structures
can evolve under the influence of electric currents.
Through what is known as the pinch effect,
parallel currents converge to produce structures identical in form to spiral galaxies.
And well over a century ago, that Norwegian experimentalist Kristian Birkeland
predicted that electric currents from the Sun were the cause of our planet’s auroras,
a claim that astronomers almost universally rejected
until it was finally proved in the 1970’s.
In fact, with no official pronouncement, within some circles in the space sciences,
the recognition and study of electric currents in space appears to be slowly growing.
Consider the recent article,
published by the American Geophysical Union’s Earth and Space Science News,
entitled “Electric Currents in Outer Space Run the Show”,
which is a summary of the new book, Electric Currents in Geospace and Beyond.
The article states bluntly,
“It is now understood that outer space is fundamentally electrical in nature,”
a type of statement that critics of the Electric Universe
have long decried as preposterous and pseudoscientific.
On the extremely challenging task of observing and measuring electric currents,
the authors state,
“Since electric currents are comprised of moving charged particles,
such as ions and electrons, the most direct way to measure currents
is by probing and counting the individual particles.
Highly tuned instruments that fly on board satellites do exactly that.
While particle counting is quite challenging, as one might expect,
one can also make use of the fact
that electric currents generate a magnetic field around them,
which in turn can be measured, more easily, by instruments, called magnetometers.
From these magnetic fields one can then infer
using Maxwell’s equations the underlying currents.”
But the inference of underlying electric currents as the cause of magnetic fields in space
remains a shockingly rare practice in the astronomical literature.
Thus, the processes astronomers and astrophysicists have invented
to try to explain cosmic magnetic fields have only grown increasingly weird,
encountering greater and greater problems in the face of ever finer technological data.
Consider the discovery reported last year
of galactic magnetic fields with “astonishing order.”
As reported on Phys.org,
“Galactic magnetic fields are formed through numerous stellar explosions,
the effects of which last for hundreds of millions of years.
The energy bursts of all supernovas put together produce a galaxy's magnetic fields.
Due to the fact that stellar explosions are chaotic processes,
scientists had not expected them to generate a magnetic field
with an orderly structure on a large scale.
But this is exactly what they have now proved to be the case in several galaxies
– even though the orderly structure did not manifest in every single object.
The underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully understood.”
However, plasma cosmologists have hypothesized for decades
that the “underlying mechanism” is cosmic scale electric currents.
More recently, in 2018, retired professor Dr. Donald Scott
published his scientific model of galactic scale Birkeland currents
as the cause of so-called anomalous stellar rotation profiles in galaxies
— an anomaly that astronomers to this day believe can only be resolved
by the influence of invisible dark matter.
However, as seen in this graph, the predicted stellar velocities based on Dr. Scott’s model
and the actual stellar velocities measured over nearly a century,
compare remarkably well.
It is then not a coincidence that galaxies,
like stars, form along vast networks of filaments,
the form taken by electric currents flowing through plasma
which connect the bodies across cosmic distances.
If electromagnetism rather than gravity
is the organizational force creating structures in space,
then both the imagined need for dark matter
and the intractable problem of cosmic magnetic fields can finally be resolved.
In our own celestial neighborhood, in the solar system,
space scientists have had the opportunity to more directly test
the long-held models of planetary magnetic fields.
Let us consider NASA’s recent Juno and Cassini missions
to the gas giant Jupiter and Saturn, respectively.
In both instances, the scientific data has shattered the belief
that the source of the gas giants’ respective magnetic fields
is internal dynamos deep within the planets.
As Juno principal investigator Scott Bolton stated, of the findings at Jupiter
“I didn’t expect all the theories to be wrong,
but there’s motion going on in the planet we did not anticipate.”
In a 2017 report, New Scientist.com outlined the conundrum as follows:
“Another shock is that Jupiter’s huge magnetic field
is even stronger and much more irregular than expected.”
However, rather than questioning the theoretical foundations
that led to the predictive failures,
the scientists propose the ad hoc theory that Jupiter’s hypothetical internal dynamo
must simply be much closer to the planet’s surface than was believed.
The New Scientist report states:
“The irregularity of the field so far is a sign
that the dynamo driving it may originate higher up in Jupiter’s interior,
perhaps from a layer of metallic hydrogen….”
…“the dynamo driving the field is close to the surface over the entire planet,
not buried deep within it like Earth’s core.”
But the most important clue to the actual source of the planet’s magnetic field
is in the incredible electrical potentials at Jupiter
that have now been confirmed by the Juno data.
As described in an Earth and Space Science news report
on Jupiter’s incredibly powerful X-ray auroras:
“The data revealed particle signatures of parallel electrical fields
over the poles of Jupiter that forced electrons near the poles upward,
away from the planet, while protons and other ions moved downward into the atmosphere.
This massive electric potential – upward of a million electron volts –
provides a possible explanation of where the X-ray auroras get their energy….”
In the Electric Universe, the assumption that all celestial bodies
must carry no net charge cannot be correct.
– a fact that scientific discovery routinely affirms.
Jupiter is an electrically charged rotating body,
and any such body can produce its own magnetic field,
with no need for internal dynamos.
Electric currents flowing from the Sun impinge on its poles,
modifying its magnetic field, inducing its stupendous X-ray auroras
and powerfully influencing its super-fast winds and cyclonic storms.
As we’ve outlined previously many times,
the aforementioned Dr. Scott recently published his mathematical modeling
of the structure of a Birkeland current,
which is identified visually as counterrotating concentric cylinders.
Critically, this counterrotation is clearly seen
at the poles of the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn.
In fact, at Saturn, the crisis for the standard dynamo model
for the planet’s magnetic field is even more brazen.
In 2018, Cassini scientists were astonished to discover
that Saturn’s magnetic field appears to have virtually no tilt.
The crisis is explained as follows in a phys.org report:
“It was thought that magnetic fields around planets can only form
when there is a discernible tilt between the rotation axis of the planet
and the magnetic field axis.”
What the investigators actually found is that the tilt of Saturn’s magnetic field
is “smaller than a hundredth of a degree.”
As principal investigator Professor Michele Dougherty lamented,
“…it looks increasingly likely we will have to rethink the ways
different kinds of planets can form magnetic fields.
As we’ve also noted previously, in 2016,
planetary scientists were amazed to discover that so-called magnetic ropes from the Sun
stretch nearly 900 million miles to Saturn,
and interact with the gas giant in much the same as they do with the Earth.
We again note the aforementioned material published by the American Geophysical Union,
which states that
“electric currents generate a magnetic field around them…
From these magnetic fields one can then infer
using Maxwell’s equations the underlying currents.”
Make no mistake, institutionalized science
does now recognize the so-called magnetic universe.
If and when space scientists begin widely inferring the electric currents
that pervasive cosmic magnetism requires,
it can only be inevitable
they will reach the same conclusion as the aforementioned authors:
That “outer space is fundamentally electrical in nature.”