JUDY WOODRUFF: For over half-a-century, the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians
has ground on, through attempts at peace and, more often, frustration and violence.
Israel still occupies much of the West Bank, as a weak Palestinian government stumbles
on amid economic crisis.
Gaza, from which Israel withdrew its forces in 2005, is under the control of the militant
group Hamas that routinely attacks Israel, which responds with often deadly force.
Meantime, civilians there suffer.
The last true efforts at dialogue are now a generation old, and the years since have
been wracked by instability, by terrorism, mistrust and a widening separation of the
people.
Now another American president has stepped into roiling waters of this decades-long conflict,
with the division between Israel and Palestine as deep as it's ever been.
The first part of a new two-phase Trump plan are debuting this week in Bahrain.
But, as special correspondent Jane Ferguson reports from the West Bank, Palestinians hold
out little hope it will change their lives.
JANE FERGUSON: It was meant to kick-start President Trump's deal of the century, a plan
that Israelis and Palestinians would agree to, ending the most intractable conflicts
in the world.
Led by the president's son-in-law Jared Kushner, the Peace to Prosperity Workshop in Bahrain
hosted panel discussions between business leaders and government officials from various
countries on developing the economy of the Palestinian territories; $50 billion was announced
as potential investments and loans over the next decade.
No specific details have been released of where the money would go, and it is dependent
on getting donors on board.
JARED KUSHNER, Senior Presidential Adviser: The goal of this workshop is to begin thinking
about these challenges in a new way.
We need to bring change so that this region can become investable and as a center of opportunity,
as opposed to an area that is written off and overlooked.
JANE FERGUSON: Neither Palestinian nor Israeli government officials were there.
In the West Bank, which has been occupied and controlled by Israel, Palestinians loudly
rejected the launch of Kushner's plan for their future.
Mustafa Barghouti is a senior politician in Ramallah.
MUSTAFA BARGHOUTI, Palestinian Politician: No money in the world can substitute our right
for freedom.
No money in the world can substitute our right to be in Jerusalem.
This Palestine and Jerusalem is not for selling.
It's not to be sold.
And Palestinians will never accept that.
JANE FERGUSON: No one knows yet what Kushner's plan is for the thorniest political disputes
here, like Palestinian statehood, the right of refugees to return, or the future status
of Jerusalem.
These people believe the Trump administration is trying to lure them with money before presenting
the political side of the deal, which could include major concessions to Israel.
But long before Palestinians started hearing about potential money coming into the area,
they have actually been experiencing severe cuts in funding.
The Trump administration drastically reduced the United States' contributions to the U.N.
here in Palestine.
In September of last year, Trump canceled all U.S. government funding to the United
Nations agency responsible for caring for Palestinian refugees, called the United Nations
Relief and Works Agency for Palestine, or UNRWA.
It provides services like schools and health clinics to the families of Palestinian refugees
who fled their homes when Israel was created.
By ending the U.S.' $300 million annual payment, Trump has also ended 70 years of American
support and sent a message to the Palestinian people.
DONALD TRUMP, President of the United States: That money is on the table.
That money is not going to them unless they sit down and negotiate peace.
JANE FERGUSON: Here in Jalazone refugee camp in the West Bank, over 15,000 here still hold
on to the right to return to the homes inside Israel their families fled in 1948, when the
country was formed.
These men in a coffee shop told us they would never give up that right just to have the
aid money.
MAN: Without any -- give some rights for the Palestinians, what -- what -- it's nothing.
It's nothing.
JANE FERGUSON: The camp's health clinic is funded by the U.N.
Since Trump's cuts, other countries have stepped in the fill the gap, but it's not guaranteed
to last, and places like this are financially squeezed.
Jared Kushner's event in Bahrain is being branded as an effort to wean Palestinians
off aid and replace that with a booming economy.
HANAN ASHRAWI, Palestinian Political Leader: Actually, that is absolutely unworkable, given
the fact that Israel is in charge of everything.
JANE FERGUSON: Hanan Ashrawi is a senior Palestinian political leader.
She points out that the Bahrain event makes no mention of the Israeli occupation of Palestinian
lands.
Palestinians don't have full control over their own economy, regardless of how much
investment they receive.
HANAN ASHRAWI: So, we can't even import or export at will, and Israel collects our money,
our customs for us, and charges us 3 percent, and then treats the money as though it's its
own, as a means of blackmail and so on.
So we are entirely skeptical about these plans that do not deal with the causes of the problem.
If we were in charge of our land and resources and our lives and our infrastructure and so
on, we have always said we can build a very vibrant and successful economy.
JANE FERGUSON: Dr. Ashrawi was denied a visa to the U.S. earlier this year, after 40 years
of negotiating with five different American presidents and administrations.
She says the Trump administration has been using high-pressure tactics to force Palestinians
into being more amenable to Kushner's plans.
HANAN ASHRAWI: I have never seen an American administration, Republican or Democrat, that
has acted this way, with such tremendous recklessness, irresponsibility.
It's as though it's a personal enterprise for them.
We have never said that American administrations have been objective.
They have always sided with Israel, but they have always maintained a minimal respect for
international law, a minimal respect for the rights of Palestinians, of the Palestinian
people.
JANE FERGUSON: The greatest challenge to any peace deal now will be trying to persuade
the Palestinians to work with the Trump administration.
Palestinians simply don't believe Trump is an honest broker of peace because of his outspoken
support for Israel.
Last year, moving the U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, a city Palestinians claim
as their future capital, was fraught with controversy.
Trump appointed David Friedman as U.S. ambassador to Israel, and he is member of Jared Kushner's
Middle East peace plan team.
Friedman supports Israeli settlements in the West Bank, which are illegal under international
law.
On the first day of Kushner's economic conference in Bahrain, a small group of Palestinian protesters
burned tires near the Beit El settlement, before being dispersed by Israeli forces.
Friedman is a major financial donor to the settlement.
KHALIL SHIKAKI, Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research: The public simply doesn't
trust this administration.
The administration has damaged its own credibility.
JANE FERGUSON: Dr. Khalil Shikaki is a pollster in the West Bank.
He has widely surveyed Palestinians' attitudes to American administrations efforts towards
peace over the years, and says the plan to offer money is unlikely to work.
KHALIL SHIKAKI: The administration makes a big mistake.
It shows lack of understanding of the psyche of the Palestinians when it starts with material
benefits as a carrot, so that Palestinians can see what they would be missing if they
reject the political part of the plan.
This is something that is likely to create the exact opposite reaction among the Palestinian
public that the administration hopes it will elicit.
JANE FERGUSON: Israeli officials were not invited to Bahrain, after Palestinian officials
refused to come.
Yet Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's government is a major supporter of Jared Kushner's efforts.
The two men are close friends.
But Netanyahu's hands are, for now, tied.
After 10 years in office, he failed to form a coalition government this spring after elections,
so has called new elections for September.
Until then, he will be campaigning, and cannot afford to be seen entering into negotiations
with the Palestinians.
That leaves Kushner having to wait until an Israeli government coalition is formed in
order to formally announce the political plan for peace, perhaps as late as November.
HERB KEINON, The Jerusalem Post: What's the problem with the beginning of November?
At the beginning of November, you start to bump into -- you start to bump into the American
election cycle.
And the question is whether the administration at that time is going to want to roll out
a plan which might succeed, but then might fail, during an election campaign.
I mean, no candidate wants to go into elections with something -- a big failure in foreign
policy on their resume.
JANE FERGUSON: Herb Keinon is a columnist and analyst at The Jerusalem Post.
He says Israelis are willing to give this effort by the Trump administration a try.
HERB KEINON: Maybe look at it with an open mind.
Go in with an open mind.
Maybe it can lead to somewhere better than where we are at now, right, because what we
have tried up until now just hasn't done it.
JANE FERGUSON: Until Jared Kushner and his team reveal their political plans, it's not
clear what is being tried out.
The Bahrain event appears to be offering the Palestinian a $50 billion carrot after two
years of stick, and the Palestinians have said no.
For them, Trump's deal for Middle East peace may be over before it begins.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And Jane joins me now from Ramallah on the West Bank.
Hello, Jane.
So you have shown us in this piece the deep dismay there on the West Bank with this Trump
plan.
What more are you hearing on the streets from the people?
JANE FERGUSON: That's true, Judy.
People here effectively feel -- they say they feel as though they're being bought off.
And it's important to remember nobody here, none of the Palestinians we have spoken to,
really know what the political components of any future Kushner or Trump administration
plan will be.
But they're saying that, even though they don't specifically know the details, they
don't trust that it will be within their interests.
We spoke to in this story a pollster here who said that he put to Palestinians in the
West Bank, even if the Trump administration gave you everything that Palestinians have
been asking for, things like statehood, Jerusalem as a capital, et cetera, would you accept
the deal?
And around 50 percent of the people came back and said they wouldn't.
That comes down to a lack of trust at the moment.
An example of that has been basically whenever we saw Vice President Pence come to the region
in December 2017.
Now, but he came here just shortly after the Trump administration had announced that it
was going to move the U.S. Embassy to Jerusalem.
As a result, Palestinian leadership refused to even meet with Pence.
And that has really been the situation here and the backstory to the Palestinian response
to this Bahrain conference.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And, Jane, I know we don't make ourselves the story, but, yesterday,
you and your colleagues came under assault when you were reporting.
Tell us a little about that.
JANE FERGUSON: That's right.
There was a very small protest, just a small -- like half-a-dozen people gathered in protest
to what's going on in Bahrain at the moment outside or close by a settlement just outside
of Ramallah.
And we were there filming there.
It was so small, in fact, they were actually leaving.
And, at that stage, the Israeli security forces that had been there, that had been firing
tear gas at the protesters who had been burning some tires down on the road, they pivoted
and started firing tear gas towards a large group of journalists.
We were in our car by this stage, and literally trying to drive away whenever a volley of
gas canisters were fired at us, one of which smashed the car window as we were trying to
get away.
One hit the car door.
Nobody was severely injured, but it was a real example of how tense things are here.
But it is certainly concerning.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Well, disturbing to hear, and we're just glad that you and your colleagues
are well.
Thank you, Jane Ferguson, reporting from the West Bank.
JANE FERGUSON: Thank you.