There that that that's it that's the wormhole
right here huh so they say you want to go from here to there but it's too far right
so a wormhole bends space like this so you can take a shortcut through a higher dimension the
universe is too big for us and the more we look at it through our telescopes the more it teases us
we aren't sure if we would ever be able to send a manned mission beyond the boundaries
of our solar system and explore the rest of the universe ironically the universe's own laws of
physics bind us from going out there and taking a closer look at just how wonderful it truly is
it is quite possible that we may have to come up with a way to bend the rules of
the universe to explore a fair share of it but is that possible welcome to Factnomenal
and today let's find out if it's possible for humans to one day change the law of physics
looking at the universe out there for us humans is like going to an amusement park where we are not
tall enough for any ride except our own solar system we can look at all of the other pretty
stuff but we cannot touch given how grand the universe is it is not wrong to say that
our civilization is still a toddler in the crib that we call earth perhaps this is why we enjoy
stories based in worlds that are galaxies far far away filled with physics-defying technology
like wormholes ftl spaceships time-traveling phone booths and people controlling a specific
energy called the false because it helps us to imagine what living in a universe that doesn't
restrict us with so many rules and restrictions would feel like interestingly University of
Rochester's Astrophysics Professor Adam Frank has a fascinating take that civilization
could advance so much that it could eventually fiddle with a fundamental laws of physics it's a
mind-bending proposal that ventures far beyond the conventional framework of scientific understanding
sponsored by NASA Adam Frank thinks that if civilization would try to change the laws of
physics the need would arise from the requirement for finding a better way to optimize and conserve
energy and it's only now that we the planet is starting to notice that we're here and in order
to deal with the problem we're going to have to start thinking the way a planet thinks and what i
want to argue is we've only learned how to do that in the last 20 years or so for a bunch of reasons
given how old and vast the universe is there is a good chance that there might be a super advanced
civilization out there but how do we spot one well first we need to know what we are looking for
over the last decade astronomers have expended great effort trying to find traces of simple
forms of life known as biosignatures that might exist elsewhere in the universe
but to discover an advanced civilized life we may have to look for their technological trace
that is techno signatures these extraterrestrial advanced civilizations might be too far away from
us to spot their technical prowess unless they are able to create something like a Dyson Sphere
or Alcubierre drive that would be noticeable enough from far far away but are such technical
feats possible if yes then how far could a civilization advance this particular question
has been boggling us for almost a century and was the inspiration behind soviet astronomer Nikolai
Kardashev's proposal to measure a civilization's level of technological advancement based on the
amount of energy it could use the Kardashev scale despite being a hypothetical scale Kardashev
created this measure regarding the energy consumption of a cosmic scale so such a scale
was able to comprehend a galactic empire such as we have read about in dune or watched in star wars
by understanding its capability of energy harvesting for example a type 1 civilization
in Kardashev scheme can capture all of the energy falling on its home planet a type 2 civilization
can capture all of the energy generated by a star and a type 3 can do the same for an entire galaxy
harvesting the energy output of a whole galaxy seems pretty advanced itself but why
stop our hypothesis there might there be a type 4 civilization or a type 5 are there any limits
at all to the advancement of a technological species and if so where are those limits found
Arthur C Clarke the man who was considered the father of science fiction once noted that a
sufficiently far advanced technology for us is going to be indistinguishable from magic this
applies to any civilization that may come across another civilization with a vast technological
leap over them this is evident in our own planet's history as well during the age of colonization and
exploration a lot of European artifacts were considered magical by the less advanced tribes
but what if life has moved so far that the technological difference doesn't just appear
magical but appears like physics after all if the cosmos holds other life and if some of that life
has evolved beyond our own waypoints of complexity and technology we should be considering some very
extreme possibilities scientists have predicted that extraterrestrial life and its technological
baggage might end up so far beyond our kin that we wouldn't even realize we were staring at it it
seems a bit of a hard pill to swallow but it would neatly explain why we have yet to see advanced
intelligence in the cosmos around us despite the sheer number of planets it could have arisen on
the so-called fermi paradox with technological advances growing exponentially in speed and
sophistication machines may be able to decode the staggering complexity of the living world one day
from its atoms and molecules all the way up to entire planetary biomes if so a civilization could
then transcribe itself and its entire physical realm into new forms indeed perhaps our universe
is one of many new forms into which some other civilization transcribed its world unfortunately
such sort of theories are untestable for us by a long shot the conceit of such sufficiently
advanced life will not just be unrecognizable for us as they will completely blend into the fabric
of the universe making it near impossible for us to distinguish what cosmic bodies are naturally
occurring and what are artificial however with sheer observation skills we could perhaps pick
out a few cosmic phenomena that might fit the requirements no matter how weird it sounds
civilizations on the Kardashev scale still adhere to the laws and rules of physics and the universe
we have no reason to believe that the universe will alter these rules in favor
or against any other civilization but what if a civilization decides to do it for itself fine
i'll do it myself only about 5 of the mass energy of the universe consists of ordinary matter
the protons neutrons and electrons that we're composed of a much larger 27 percent is thought to
be unseen still mysterious stuff when astronomers track the motions of galaxies and clusters of
galaxies they find a problem there is not enough mass to cause the forces needed to drive the
observed motions to solve this problem astronomers assume there must be a lot of matter that cannot
be seen this means it does not emit light and it does not interact with the luminous stuff we see
in any way other than through gravity astronomical evidence for this dark gravitating matter is
convincing albeit still not without question vast halos of dark matter seem to lurk around galaxies
providing mass that helps hold things together via gravity on even larger scales the web-like
topography traced by luminous gas and stars also hints at unseen mass cosmologists usually assume
that dark matter has no microstructure they think it consists of subatomic particles that interact
only via gravity and the weak nuclear force and therefore slump into tenuous featureless swaths
they have arguments to support this point of view but of course we don't really know for sure some
astronomer noting subtle mismatches between observations and models have suggested that
dark matter has a richer inner life at least some components may comprise particles that
interact with one another via long range forces it may seem dark to us but have its own version
of light that our eyes cannot see in that case dark matter could contain real complexity and
perhaps it is where all technologically advanced life ends up or where most life has always been
if you're a civilization that has learned how to encode living systems in different substrates
all you need to do is build a normal matter to dark matter data transfer system a dark matter 3d
printer using their knowledge a civilization could perhaps upload their world to the huge amount of
real estate on the dark side and be done with it what better way to escape the nasty vagaries
of supernova and gamma-ray bursts than to adopt a form that is immune to electromagnetic radiation
perhaps the mismatch of astronomical models and observations is evidence not just of
self-interacting dark matter but of dark matter that is being artificially manipulated
similarly a primordial civilization could have understood the importance
of expansion of the universe after the expansion slowed down and could have
manipulated the dark energy to keep the expansion going possibly for preventing the eventual heat
death of the universe and to ensure that disorder does not overwhelm the cosmos
or perhaps they know how to use it to manipulate mines open doors and shoot lightning out
of their fingertips and if they exclaimed unlimited power doing so who are we to blame
them a civilization with technology beyond our wildest dreams may exist one that can perhaps
reverse entropy or posit such as the time masters of doctor who perceive time without beginning or
end like the extraterrestrials did in arrival and maybe alter the rules of life and create something
of their own like an annihilation one thing is for sure the universe keeps on surprising us
every day and maybe one day we too will learn how to embrace endorse and evolve the laws of
the universe to our liking thanks for watching Factnomenal we'll see you in the next video