Hi! Welcom back!
In this lesson you will learn
how to make negative sentences
using Verbs and Adjectives.
And if you want to learn about
negative forms for Nouns
watch the Lesson #12.
By the end of this lesson you should be able to make
such sentences as you see over here.
'I don’t think so.'
'I don’t study.'
'It is not cold.'
'It is not interesting.'
In the Korean language
to convert a verb
or an adjective to a negative form,
you simply need to add
~지 않다 to a verb or an adjective stem.
Let’s take look at
how we can turn a positive sentence
into a negative one.
How would you say
“I go” in Korean?
저는 갑니다, right?
How about “I don’t go“?
First, we need to take a verb
and leave only it’s stem.
The next step is to attach
~지 않다 to the verb stem.
So, now we have
가지 않다.
But it’s not a complete sentence because
we don't have a sentence ending.
Where do you think we need to attach
the sentence ending?
Pause the video and think for a while.
Let’s see if you can come up with the solution.
Look at this part of the
grammatical construction ~지 않다.
않다 is actually also a verb.
But it’s an auxiliary verb or a helping verb,
and it cannot be used independently.
But it’s not important.
What I want to say is
treat 않다 as a verb.
So, when you want to attach
an additional grammatical particle
to a negative sentence
you first need to get rid of ~다
and leave just it’s stem.
Like so:
Now you can add any other particle
including the sentence ending.
가지 않습니다.
Now, this is a complete sentence.
It’s another example
where I used an adjective.
It is cold.
춥습니다.
This is a positive sentence.
Pause the video and try to convert this sentence
into a negative sentence.
It isn’t cold.
춥지 않습니다.
Here is a list of verbs and adjectives.
Get a pencil and a piece of paper,
and make negative sentences
using these words.
Once you are done,
play this video again
to see my solution.
Okay
This is how I solved the assignment.
I simply attached
~지 않습니다
to the verb and adjective stems.
There is another way to convert verbs
and adjectives to a negative form.
You can take a verb or an adjective,
and just put 안 before it.
It isn’t cold.
안 춥습니다.
춥지 않습니다.
Both sentences are semantically equal
and grammatically correct.
This is another example, with a verb.
I don't go.
안 갑니다.
가지 않습니다.
There is a special type of verbs in the Korean language
which I call ‘하다 verbs’.
These verbs represent a combination of
Nouns, colored in white
and the verb 하다.
The verb 하다 means ‘to do’.
To do study,
to do drive,
to do call,
to do speech,
to do cleaning,
to do work,
etc.
So, whenever you see such verbs,
instead of placing 안 before a noun
put it before the verb 하다.
공부 안 합니다.
운전 안 합니다
전화 안 합니다 and so on.
Keep in mind that not all 하다 verbs
represent a combination of
a noun and the verb 하다.
For example,
좋아
싶어
전,
정,
더,
당,
합
are NOT nouns.
Okay?
So, you cannot say
좋아 안 합니다. or
싶어 안 합니다.
전 안 합니다.
It will be wrong.
So, since you have just started to learn Korean,
I would recommend you
the safest way to make negative sentences
is to start with ~지 않다.
Later, when you will become better in Korean,
you will figure out where you can use 안,
and where you cannot.