we've been talking over the last couple of weeks about
how
ratifying convention
in virginia
in seventeen
mehendi
seventeen eighty-nine
that uh... to read a five the constitution the united states that
there
road junctions made by patrick henry and george mason in particular
uh... that article one section eights
gave the federal government the power to
control
ought to what extent of the state militias were armed
and their concern was the bridging is
state militia was
one of the principal
tools used to
along the it that video had a component which was the slave patrols what also
was used to
for done slave rebellions
and i wanted to get somebody on who really knows the stuff somebody who's an
expert on this
not a silly on the on the second or the constitution acosta but on the the
little orders for the slave resistance rebellion
and uh... joining us p rodriguez is with us of professor of history here if you
college in eureka illinois the general editor of several reference books in the
history of slavery in the u_s_ and the world
the including the encyclopedia of slave resistance and rebellion
the uh... website we're a doctor every s is a professor is a you rica dot e_d_u_
and professor welcome to the program
thanks for joining us
amish bigger idle curious
sixteen oh seven was when james talent the other for someone
by europeans white europeans
on the north american continent and and within fifteen years they had the first
slaves uh... in that settlement and then
purcell actually
the first africans were introduced in sixteen nineteen
and they've likely were introduced as indentured servant
uh... the
it it's very difficult to pinpoint a precise date when
slavery where started in virginia but it's likely within the first decade or
so after the arrival
where
indentured servitude
by all the way to morph into slavery
instead of someone serving for a period of time it became a hot
alike but for
anzac one he passed on to your descendants correct
so
here we had this periods of of slavery in the united states from the early
fifteen hundreds
until
arguably
you know the eighteen sixties eighteen seventies
and which is
you know period several hundreds of years
and in some parts of the united states the the african slaves
significantly outnumber the white populations and other places the numbers
were very very large
how did it
indian the jingle movie of the character of the leonardo kapila plays says
why didn't this year dot rise up and shoot the whites towards
how was
slavery and forced
help labor reinforced their hunt they maintain this institution
it was
enforcement large basher
by means of local control
individual states
will cost way patrols
and there was no understanding
that all able-bodied men in the community
which interestingly enough often included dot free blacks
who have lived in the
in areas where where slavery was his practice
had a responsibility of being part of patrols
and usually in and local ordinances this was stipulated
where there might be a couple of weeks per year or individuals would have the
responsibility of being part of play patrol
now the truth of the matter is
a lot of times these tended to be enforced on an as needed basis
so if there were
of unrest if there was the uh... the likelihood that but violent might arise
with the wikia's
a greater enforcement
of of the sleigh patrols
the interesting thing is that the patrols
or actually something that was separated from the malicious
mhm were talking about is groups that
bait
oftentimes on a spontaneous
spontaneous way could provide some
really sort served a vigilante psychopath the if there was a threat of
uh... arrive in a particular area c suggested this latest roles as they had
a modern
antecedent would be the
k_k_k_ as opposed to the malicious that modern version being in that
the state
national goals
not exactly
the uh...
the patrol what we have considers the patrols
fell within the policing power state
and so the states were within their rights terms of their policing powers to
be able to
playgroup because uh... errno campuses challenging thing because
we're talking about and forcing something that's a and we consider to be
an extremely bad policy could reinforcing
yeah but if we go with the assumption that slavery was legal at the time in
state could be
responsibility of enforcing that they used patrols of mechanism to do so
to what extent did slaves rise up
in rebellion
it happened occasionally
it was not as common as somewhat imagine
uh... but there was a book that was written in the early forties called
american negro flavorful sort by herbert haft becker
and it was a controversial book one came out he suggested
but there might have been as many as two hundred and fifty
uprisings in some sort
that occurred from the colonial period through the phone civil war now
one of the problems with that number is that anytime
but at the current across
being mentioned of a brett operable
a fear of a conspiracy
uh...
in any of those things
he counted that
me in terms of the actual number
of true
insurrection a revolt sandwich large number of people banded together and
used armed resistance but numbers will be quite small it's probably going to be
uh... less than a dozen
infant that would be true
weight and direction so that latest album for example document but that's
not that's during the roughly t_v_ period from
mt found in the country until the civil war but what about that
two hundred years proceeded
at the same low also knows is uh... something thirty-nine and so appreciate
the main
the main report that you would find
during the off
during the cold war era
there were some smaller threats of revolt that occurred in the new york
city
in something twelve and not something forty one
but outfitted
to the earlier part of how how weak albee's now we number these
walla point ralph make one uh... went on
speaking
to my students about this
is we have to keep in mind that there is
a difference between resistant
and outright rebellion
both of these are going to be very forceful features but one thing from
popup resistant
we're talking about and acted in individual
can perform
rather than specifically a group
and we're talking about something that often can be
powered by what my called weapons of the week
so as an example
if i get into the habit of breaking
well the plantation are far more at work
that is a former persistent if a type of passive resistance perhaps
low-income work
process if i'm part of an economic
on this point they should
perform
accomplish crawling the equipment it's being used
i'm causing economic harm distress the larger
plantation colony
uh... another
great example
is you'd be amazed at how many times arson
wizis
uh... here about sugar house that are being burned out cotton gin and start
tobacco boards
you know my assumption is that beef and tomatoes happiness spontaneous sort of
way but this is really by a larger sign
things like work slowdowns foot-dragging sort
basically taking longer to
do a particular kind of
uh... task that might get caught
all the time to forms of
uh... resistance but they can be performed indeed by
by individuals using them for further earlier weapons week
but in terms of people come together in a larger numbers
what i've found
individuals were generally willing to turn to that option
if they believed purple likelihood for success might be great
so for example you mentioned kono earlier
uh... south carolina
as early as seventeen oh eight
add a flight cork
we head back your doctor ideas we have to take its uh... a very very short
break here can you can hang out we can pick up on this as per acre catholic
pataki the death of jimmy stewart greatest bradlee is here is a professor
of history eureka college killing people annoy
website last week and that he be you and student center
encyclopedia sleeve insistence rebels
this is the time arguing
so
always slavery enforce
before we stand