hey everyone JJ here in this lesson I'm
gonna be talking to you guys about
medical terminology medical terminology
is like learning like a different
language it's and it pretty much is like
a different language but there are many
easy ways to break the word apart in two
different pieces to make it much easier
to to comprehend the first thing I want
to talk to you guys about is just
breaking it down so in in a medical term
each each word has a beginning a middle
and an end in the beginning is known as
the prefix and this is typically a
descriptive part of the word or a
description that just tells tells you
what the number or the amount is the
size location color etc the middle of
the word is known as the root and that's
kind of like the subject of the word
it's and it usually relates to a part of
the body and the ending of the word is
called the suffix or what I like to call
the condition of the word which kind of
details the process or procedure but can
also tell you about the amount the
amount and location or other things as
well so just to kind of give you guys a
brief background about certain prefixes
that are commonly used one of the first
ones you probably hear of is macro macro
is just means large and it typically is
used in the context that it is visible
to the naked eye so you might have heard
a macroscopic macroeconomy and the
opposite of that is micro which just
means small or not visible to the naked
eye and the way I like to remember this
is that I think of a microscope so
things some things in the world are
microscopic and other things in the
world like our our galaxies and in our
observable universe that's a macro
that's macroscopic so some other things
but about amount and size would be hyper
hyper just means high above normal or
elevated and another one the opposite of
hyper would be hypo so that means just
low below normal or decreased so a
couple other prefixes that you may not
be aware of one is you or normal and
that just means that it's a normal
or the condition is normal so it could
be you could be you thermic instead of
hypothermic your you thermic so you're
at a normal body temperature another
term is pan or omni and that just means
also you can kind of think of omnipotent
all-powerful panorama
it's an term that kind of encompasses
all of something
another prefix would be a or n which
just means absent or lacking you know in
the prefix megalo also means large or
larger than average so to get into some
numerical prefixes this one's pretty
easy mono we just means single or
singular die means 2 or double try 3 or
triple quad for 4 or quadruple poly is
many or a lot in oligo is kind of as a
blanket term that just set means that
there are just a few several or very
little so for the prefixes related to
speed we have tacky which means rapid or
fast and brady or break ii which means
slow and and so for these terms you kind
of typically think of the heart you can
have tachycardia or bradycardia or break
a cardio so they're just different terms
to describe the speed of the heart rate
so for a different location for prefixes
we've got epi parry in circum and these
all just mean around around the location
or around the object so you can just
think of perimeter circum circumference
the epicenter you're kind of around the
center so like different things like
that now the other one is endo or intra
they mean pretty much the same thing
that just means inside inner or interior
so and so for these ones you can think
of intracellular or the end of zone for
example
the the opposite of those ones are EXO
and extra so they just mean outside or
outer or exterior so we can think of
exocytosis or the extracellular
environment and a term that a lot of
students get confused with is inter so
you can see that intra and Inter very
similar so the the difference is that
inter means between so for example like
the intracellular environment versus the
intercellular environment there they're
different meanings so just be aware of
that guys the next thing is trance now
there's you can think of transmembrane
or transatlantic it just means a cross
the other one is daya or purr so that
just means through or complete so daya
you can think of diet diameter or / you
can think of perforate it's something
that goes through it just means going
through something
the other one is meaty or media or media
which just means in the middle so next
one is para which means nearby and then
we also have juxta which means next to
or beside or adjacent so I just think of
juxtaposition you put things beside each
other so the next prefixes involved
movements the first one is AB a B which
means away so you're when you abduct a
be doctor your arms your moving your
you're moving your arms away from your
body or abduction or abducting a child
that's an easy way to remember a B for
away the next one is ad or ad that which
means towards so ad ducting your arms
means bringing your arms to in in
towards your body
that's adduction the next one is dis and
means to separate so just think of
displace you're kind of separating
something out or separating things the
next group of prefixes I want to talk to
you guys about is colors so so color the
prefix for color is actually chroma or
chrome motto leuco that means white the
next one is a retro means red cyan oh is
blue chloro green melon or Milano is
black so melanoma and the last one is
one that you very rarely ever hear which
is flat means yellow so you guys may
have heard of these before Luke go for
white leukocyte red red blood cells or
erythrocytes cyan oh maybe cyanide is a
word that you think of you become
hypoxic and kind of become blue right
cyanosis and another one it's chloro
chlorophyll in plants that makes them
look green so this is just some easy
ways to remember those now getting into
the body itself just some general terms
one is homeo which just means body
cephalo is head serve or serve it like
cervical or cervical is neck Tarak Oh or
thorax is the chest abdominal is the
abdomen abdomen or abdominal pelvic
pelvis is just pelvic is just related to
your pelvis the parrot in is just
related to the peritoneum so the lining
with in your abdomen darm
which means skin or more specifically
dermis and neuro for nerve and hemo for
blood
arterial or angio for arteries so for
arterial in angio you might have heard
of angioplasty or angiograms they they
all have to do with arteries the next
one is vena or vena which is just the
venous system or veins you may have
heard of the inferior or superior vena
cava vena so that's a way to remember
them vascular just means vascular so
your vascular system your vasculature
muscular for muscle mile and also the
related term Sarco for muscle so your
you might have heard of myocardium or
sarcoplasmic reticulum they all deal
with muscle or muscle cells two related
ones are also skeletal or skull skull
eat like in musculoskeletal system and
osteo which means bone so they both are
related to bones
another one is Saito for cell and the
other related term the it is the suffix
site which means cells or cellular so
the next organs I'm going to get into
are the neck and thoracic organs so
starting with your thyroid which this
thigh Rho is the prefix for that one
tracheal for trachea esophageal or ass
awful Safa go for esophagus daemul for
thymus which is this that the immune
system organ that's relatively close to
your heart mast o or mammal which is
related to the mammary gland or the
breast palm oil or pneumo for the lung
in cardio for the heart the next organs
I'm gonna get into is the abdominal
organs so gastro for the stomach a Patou
for the liver so you may have heard of
hepatitis or hepatocyte so they all
relate to the liver one that you may not
have heard of his kali Sisto and that's
for the gallbladder so we might not have
heard of but it may be called cystectomy
when you remove your gallbladder or kali
cystic Heinen which controls gall
bladder contraction another one is
splenomegaly n-- another one is
pancreatic for the pancreas another one
is adrenal for the adrenal gland the the
distant gland that sits on top of your
kidneys and you might not have heard of
this one
Neph row for your kidney so we might uh
you can think of nephrologist these are
related to the kidney and this actually
this word actually comes from and is
derived from the nephron or the
functional unit within the kidney entró
is used for the intestine so we might
have heard of enteritis say maybe might
have heard of enteritis and information
of your intestines and another one is
hollow which is just for call or kalo
which is for the colon or large
intestine so you might have heard of
colitis so it's an information of the
Coleman so here are some common suffixes
in medical terminology ology is just the
study of like biology the study of life
nephrology the study of the kidney
gastroenterology the study of the
gastrointestinal system and the list can
go on and on it just means the study of
a particular subject the next one is
philia which means the love of and the
opposite of philia is phobia which is
just the fear of so that's an easy one
most people know that
phobias is a fear of something another
one that people don't think of as
tension tension is means just pressure
so hypertension high blood pressure it
tension just means pressure and the sia
it's kind of hard to say this but like
hypoxia Axio or Xia is oxygen it has to
do with oxygen hypoxia is low oxygen
another gas that we want to be aware of
is carbon dioxide and that is cap Nia
the the suffix for that is cap Nia so
you can think of hypercapnia high carbon
dioxide levels so the next one is if Nia
this is another hard one to say that
just means air so it's related to pneumo
it's spell this kind of the same way P
and you have that PN there so it's at
odd odd spelling so it's actually it Nia
so you might have heard of dyspnea or
hyper Pinilla different things like that
have to do with air or breathing and
another one is very common is ease at
the end of a word and that usually means
enzyme anyways guys that was medical
terminology lesson one and the next
lesson I'm gonna be talking to you guys
about different suffixes that describe
different disease states and processes
and then what we're gonna do is we're
gonna take everything that we've learned
and we're going to work through some
practice problems in the next lesson so
anyways guys I hope you found this video
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and thank you so much for watching and
have a great day