If you're working with apps inside of Mac OS,
then there are a number of file formats you need to know about.
One of these is the DMG file format.
This is the Apple disk image format.
And if you double click this file,
it will open up inside of your finder,
and show you all of the files that are contained
within this disk image.
This is commonly used to distribute software
where you can double click the DMG file,
see the list of all of the files inside of that image,
and then launch the setup program from inside the disk
image.
Some application developers will distribute their application
through an installer package, and it's delivered as a .pkg
file.
This is very similar to a setup.exe program
that you might see in Windows.
You double click the pkg file in Mac OS,
and it will start a setup program
where it can ask you questions and then perform
the installation for that software.
And once the software is installed,
you can usually find it as a .app file or application
bundle.
To you this appears in the file system as a single file.
But you can right mouse click on the app
file, and view package contents to see all of the files that
are used by that application.
This makes it very easy to manage this app.
If you need to move the app, you just move the .app file,
and if you need to remove the app from your system,
you simply delete the .app file.
If this application was installed from the Apple App
Store, then you can perform all of the management
of that application in the store itself.
There's an option within the store for updates,
and it will show you all of the applications that need
to be updated on your system.
This can be done automatically behind the scenes,
or you can specify individual applications to update.
You can also view a list of all of the apps
that you've installed from the App Store,
allowing you to decide what apps you'd
like to keep on your system and which
ones you may want to remove.
As I mentioned earlier, it's very easy to remove a .app
application file because you simply move it to the trash,
and your application is now uninstalled.
There are some applications, though,
where you would need to run a separate uninstallation
program.
This is usually included in a folder associated with the app.
So you might have a Logitech.app file,
but a separate uninstaller.app that
then removes all of these files from your system.
If you own an iPhone, iPad, or Mac OS computer,
then you probably have a personal Apple ID
that you use for authentication.
You can view this in the operating system itself,
and it allows you to connect to iCloud and synchronize
across all of these different Apple products.
But if you're using Apple hardware that
was provided by a company, you don't want
to use your personal Apple ID.
Instead, you'll be assigned a managed Apple ID,
and that's managed by your employer
through the Apple Business manager.
This allows them to integrate these systems
with Active Directory infrastructure that may already
be in place.
It can connect to the corporate MDM, or mobile Device Manager,
and your employer may use this to manage
the deployment of applications on these Apple devices.
If you're using Mac OS, then you have a backup system
built into the operating system called time machine.
Time machine will take all of the files that
are on your system and back them up
to a separate file repository.
It will then take any changes that occur every hour and back
up those files as well.
It performs daily backups for an entire month,
and then it rolls everything up into monthly updates
that are available on that storage facility.
As long as you have drive space available,
you can continue to add files for weekly, daily,
and hourly backups.
But eventually, you will run out of space on that backup system,
and time machine will automatically
delete any of the oldest files while you're
saving the newest ones to the time machine backup.
If you've ever installed Windows,
then that Windows comes with its own version
of anti-malware software.
But if you look at Mac OS, you'll
notice that antivirus or anti-malware software
is not included with the operating system.
However, there are many third party options
available for installing real time
and on demand scanning for malware on Mac OS.
In the industry, the vast majority
of malware and other malicious software
is running on a Windows platform.
And there are methods within Mac OS that
are designed to prevent this malware from getting
on to a system and propagating itself.
But you may still want to install some third party
software to add additional security to the operating
system.
If you do install some anti-malware software,
just make sure that it's scheduled to update itself
constantly so that you're always checking against the latest
anti-malware signatures.