In this part of this series, we're gonna break down specifically
what the cells do?
Now, we have a row of osteoblasts there.
We may work in a team, which I think is pretty cool.
So the osteoblasts, they work together in teams to build new bone.
You are constantly repairing and building new bones,
even if you haven't had damage to your bones.
Now, the osteoblasts they produce new bone
and new bone is called osteoid.
Now, it's made up of bone collagen and other protein,
which is why it's so important to have a healthy diet.
You need to have that available,
so the osteoblasts can build osteoid.
Remember, osteoid we're still talking about bones,
but it's new bone and it's made of collagen and other protein.
Now osteoblasts are the ones that control
calcium and mineral deposition.
Why do we care?
Well, we care because the calcium and the minerals, are what?
Makes your bones strong?
Think about what we know about osteoporosis
That means osteo - bones, porosis means kind of porous,
That's when we have an issue where the bones are not as strong
as they used to be.
The body may be leaching calcium from the bones,
they may not be taking off enough bone of calcium matter.
So, it is really important that you have appropriate levels
of calcium and minerals deposited in the bone,
so it gets strong. It can support someone's weight.
And it resists being fractured.
So, after the osteoid do their job, this part is so cool to me.
They flatten.
It can looks like a before and after picture,
doesn't it? So, after the osteoblasts
have built and done what they were supposed to do,
after they filled in a cavity that was present, they flattened.
So you see there we have the plump osteoblasts
and then the flattened osteoblast.
Nothing is wasted in our bodies. I think it's so incredible.
So, they look like that when they're doing their job.
When they're done, they become flat,
and then they line the surface of the bone.
And now we call them lining cells.
So what was the brand new bone tissue call?
Right, osteoid.
After they do their work, now what do they call?
Yeah, lining cells.
I know not creative, but it's pretty easy to remember
because it looks more like a flatline
than the bumpy one next to it.
Now, which cells are responsible for putting
calcium and minerals in bones to make them strong?
Yeah, it's our friendly osteoblast. Okay, good.
You're starting to get the hang of how you study as you go.
And that you need to always pause, recall, and think back and recall.
And I promise you your study life is going to be a lot more fun.
Now, let's talk about these lining cells.
These lining cells regulate the passage of calcium
into and out of the bone.
And they respond to a hormone. Alright.
So a hormone is this chemical messenger
that has a very specific target,
and it tells the body to do something.
Now, when the cells respond to the hormone,
it tells them to make special proteins
that activate osteoclasts.
Now, we'll talk in another series about parathyroid hormone,
but that's what we're talking about.
They made me heard me say hormones in a funny way,
that's because I want it to stick in your brain, what it is.
Hormones are chemical messengers.
They're all over our body. They run our bodies.
And parathyroid hormone is involved in this process.
It is one of these hormones
that will tell the osteoclasts to activate.
And let me show you what happens in the next part of our series.
Osteocytes are the brownish cells as we've colored them inside the bones.
You see the difference.
Now, we have the three types of cells on here.
Just for fun. Can you name the other two types of cells?
Great, I hope you said osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
Now, some osteoblast,
you see, you've got the arrows coming down from them,
they turn into osteocytes while the new bone is being formed,
and then it gets surrounded by new bone.
So some of the osteoblasts turn into osteocytes
when the new bone is being formed.
And osteocytes are always kind of inside the bone.
Now, osteocytes send out these long branches
that connect to other osteocytes.
So they're strong.
Look at that in between each of the osteocyte cells,
we just kind of put that there to remind you,
they put out these long branches so they can connect together
and become very strong.
Osteoclast are cells that dissolve the bone.
So osteoblasts make the bones stronger,
osteoclast, dissolve the bone.
Now there's a good reason for that.
Sometimes it's just kind of a cleaning and pruning service right
in your bones.
It needs to happen if everything is in balance,
this is a good thing.
So an area that needs to be strengthened.
The osteoclasts will come in,
dissolve that bone, and then we can be rebuilt.
So let's talk about kind of what these guys do these osteoclasts.
Now the osteoclasts come from bone marrow.
Okay, so they're related to the white blood cells.
Can you remember?
Is it the bone marrow that's in the spongy cells?
Or the bone marrow that's in the compact bone
that makes white cells?
Good. It's spongy bone.
So we've got this macrophage, right?
See right there?
That's coming from our white blood cell friends.
So osteoclasts come from the bone marrow,
and they're related to the white blood cells.
Let's start this section off with a question.
Which specific bone cell removes old bone?
Is it osteoblasts, osteoclasts, or osteocytes?
It's osteoclasts. Good job.
Now, which specific bone cell builds new bone?
Well, you've kind of eliminated one.
So now you just have to pick between the two.
Osteoblasts. That's correct.
Now, here's a study tip for you to help you remember.
You see we have osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Right?
They're both present on the screen.
But look at the osteoblasts. That word itself has a B in it.
So think builder.
Now, in our picture you see,
you put a little construction cap on it,
which I think is hilarious.
And those kinds of things kind of stick in your brain,
but osteoblasts, our builders. Osteoclasts, have a C in them.
So I remember them as cleaners.
They come in and remove the old stuff
that needs to be cleaned out. Right?
And so the osteoblasts can build new bone.
So osteoblasts has a B that's why they are builders, right?
Osteoclasts have a C, that's why they are... Cleaners. Right?
Now you have to be careful about
how many things you try and tricks to try to remember.
These types of things work best in the beginning,
when you're trying to keep everything straight.
If you use them enough, you won't have to keep saying
osteoblasts or builders, osteoclasts or cleaners,
because you've encoded that in your brain,
so you can be successful without having to do that.
But these kinds of tricks are really helpful
when you're learning brand new information,
and you're having a hard time keeping it straight.