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Okay, today we're going to talk about
Two words that are very important
To learn that a lot of students struggle to understand the difference between these two words
Even though they're very similar and we use them in a very similar way
the meaning can be different and
Quite frankly when someone makes a mistake
Sometimes we have to think a little bit to understand what they mean. So it's important to understand how these words are different
these two words are by and
Until
some examples of how people get these words wrong or use them incorrectly it is when asking about
let's say the date or something like I have to give something to
somebody on
Sunday they might say please give me this paper until Sunday
which is
Incorrect. They should say please give me this paper by Sunday. The reason for this is because
We use
until to talk about a situation or a state of being
That will continue up until a certain date are up to a certain date or moment
Okay
and then by we used by to talk about an action or
an event
That will happen
Let's say at or before a certain moment
So in that example
Please give me this paper by Sunday
We're talking about an action that will happen up to or before a certain moment. Let's look at how
Until is used correctly. So remember when we talk about until when we use until
We're using it when we're talking about a situation or a state the state of being for example
Let's say that
You are staying at your friend's house and you?
Are there for Friday?
Saturday and Sunday
But you will leave on Monday, okay
so that's a situation and
We're talking about it that it will continue up to a certain moment
Which is Monday so your situation staying at your friend's house will continue
up to Monday so you can say I
Will stay at my friend's house
until Monday
If you say I will stay at my friend's house by Monday
That does not make sense and it's wrong
because
Stay at my friend's house is a situation now. Let's use the same example
You are staying at your friend's house
But let's use the word by correctly to describe an action or event
Okay, so this action?
Will let's say is arrived. Okay, you will arrive at your friend's house
at
or before a certain time
let's say
Friday
you can say I
will arrive at my friend's house by Friday and
We use by in this example because we are talking about an action
So let's look at some examples of using these words correctly and incorrectly
So you can understand
If you ask a question about your situation
for example staying at your friend's house you
Can ask how long you will stay you will say?
Can I stay until?
Monday
If you say can I stay by Monday that is wrong the person talking about
You leaving?
That is an action so they can say bye for example
Yes, but you have to leave by Monday
by Monday
They are talking about the action of you leaving in this example
you are a student and you need to finish your homework because
You need to give it to your teacher tomorrow. The situation is doing your homework
So if you talk about how much time you have?
you can say I have until tomorrow to
do my homework until
Tomorrow your situation happens up to
tomorrow now
If we talk about the action, okay, you let's say give your homework
You have to give your homework to your teacher then you would say I have to give my homework to my teacher
by tomorrow
Okay, not until tomorrow because the action is giving okay students. That's our lesson for today
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