Now we will start a lesson on possessive endings. So in Persian there
are six different endings for singular and plural, and these endings, they have
different functions. One of the functions they have is to form a
possessive noun. So whenever these endings are connected to a noun, that noun is
possessive. Let's look at some examples. For example, we have the word کتاب.
Now if we can attach one of these endings to it,
we have کتابم. It means my book. The same for others.
کتابم: my book
کتابت: your book
singular: کتابش. His or her book. Now
the plural form: کتابمان
Our book.
کتابتان: Your book. Plural. And the last one: کتابشان. Their book
کتابم، کتابت، کتابش. کتابمان، کتابتان، کتابشان.
So these personal endings whenever they are attached to a noun,
they make that noun a possessive. They function
like a possessive adjective, like what we saw. So there are some points to know. The
first one is that there is a difference in the spoken and written version. Here
as you see, we pronounce this کتابت. So the ending is "at." But in spoken
Persian, it's "et." So in spoken Persia, it's pronounced: کتابت.
So "ah" changes "eh." The same with the third person singular: کتابش.
His or her book changes to کتابش. So کتابت, written, کتابت, spoken.
کتابت, written, کتابت, spoken.
Always you hear this
form "ish" or "et." کتابت. And for this one in written form, they're
مان، تان، شان.
In spoken form, "مان" and in general "ان"
changes to "او". For example, کتابمان changes to کتابمون.
کتابتان changes to
کتابتون.
کتابشان changes to
کتابشون
کتابشان، کتابشون
کتابتان، کتابتون.
کتابمان، کتابمون.
Our book, your book, and their book. Another point
is that in order to memorize this, the singular form and the plural form--as you
know in Persian one of the ways to form a plural noun is to add
the suffix "ان". Now here we have میم، ا، ش.
Now if you add that suffix to this "میم",
"ت، ش", you have the plural forms of the person or the endings in Farsi.
"م" with "ان" changes to "مان" for our.
."تان" changes to "ت"
And "ش" changes to "شان".
And all of them in spoken change to "اون".
."مون" changes to "مان"
."تون"، "تان"
."شون" ,"شان" And
That was the lesson on personal endings, when they are in
the place of possessive adjectives.