you live on earth a huge mass traveling
through space that orbits the Sun but
what is the layer of Earth you are on
right now called and do you know what
all the layers that form our planets are
called Earth has distinctive layers
within it let's start with the outermost
and thinnest layer the crust there are
two parts to the crust
one being the oceanic crust which the
ocean sits on and is around five to
eight kilometers deep it is mainly made
of basalt which is a type of igneous or
volcanic rock the other part is the
continental crust which is what we live
on this varies from around 8 kilometers
to 70 kilometers and is largely made of
another igneous rock called granite the
next layer is the mantle mainly composed
of silicate rock and minerals the mantle
is about 2,900 kilometers thick which
makes it the thickest layer of Earth
also making up 85% of the Earth's total
weight this again can be split into two
distinct layers the upper and lower
mantle the outer part of the upper
mantle is like the crust but much cooler
and rigid the crust and outer upper
mantle together is called the
lithosphere the lithosphere is broken
into large pieces which make up Earth's
tectonic plates these plates sit on the
inner part of the upper mantle called
the asthenosphere the rock here is
softer and partially molten as
temperatures rise to 3000 degrees
Celsius the lower mantle is just as hot
as the upper the rocks being hot enough
to melt but remain solid due to the
pressure being pushed down on it the
lower mantle is slowly moving due to
convection currents which is when deeper
hotter material Rises then cools and
sinks again this is what is thought to
move the Earth's tectonic plates shaping
Earth's continents as we know them today
the outer core is the layer surrounding
the inner core it is approximately 2,400
kilometers thick mostly made up of
liquid iron and nickel
at a temperature between 4,000 to 6,000
degrees Celsius the flow of the liquid
here is what creates Earth's magnetic
field the inner core is the hottest part
of the earth with temperatures between
5,000 to 6,000 degrees Celsius that is
as hot as the surface of the Sun it is
roughly 1400 kilometers thick and is
also primarily iron and nickel the air
pressure here is three million times
that of sea level which causes the core
to become solid metal the deepest humans
have ever explored is the Kola
super-deep borehole which was a Soviet
Union scientific drilling project
between 1970 and 1990 for that drilled a
mere nine inch wide hole 12 kilometers
deep into the earth one of the most
exciting findings was that of
microscopic fossils found in rocks
nearly seven kilometers deep that were 2
billion years old very little research
has been done about the layers below our
feet just imagine what else might be
down there we would love to know your
thoughts on this subject and the video
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