Now we will start the lesson on how to form a plural noun in Farsi. The most
common way to form a plural noun in Farsi is by using the suffix "ها". Like
this. So you have the noun, then you add the suffix "ها" and you have the plural
noun. It's it's important to know that you can make plural any noun in Persian
by using the suffix "ها". So let's look at some examples. The first example: we have
the word کتاب, means book. By adding the suffix "ها"
at the end, we have کتاب ها, means books. Or for example we have the word پدر.
Father. By adding the suffix "ها", you have پدرها. Fathers. Another one: you
have درخت, means tree. درختان means trees. Or for
example you have the word دفتر, means notebook. دفترها, notebooks.
So you as you can see any noun can be pluralized by using the suffix "ها" in Farsi.
There is one point that is important to know. In terms of writing "ها",
as you can see, I have written this suffix "ها" separately. So this is the
standard way of writing "ها" in Farsi nowadays. So you write it separately, but
in your book or in some magazines or other places you would see that it's
connected to the noun. For example like this کتاب ها. You will
see this one. This is not wrong, but the correct way of writing it is to write it
separately. Another point is that there is a difference in pronunciation between
the spoken and written Persian in pronouncing "ها".
کتاب ها in the spoken Persian is
.کتابا
."ا" changes to "ها"
کتابا
پدرها .پدرا changes to
changes to درخت ها
.درختا
And دفترها
changes to دفترا. So,
کتاب ها، کتابا
پدرها، پدرها
درخت ها، درختا
دفترها، دفترا
This form is just using in
spoken Persian. You won't see it anywhere in formal
writings, or you know, in any books. So the there were two points: first,
writing "ها" separately, and the second is the difference in
pronunciation. پدرها in spoken is پدرا.
درخت ها، درختا
دفترها، دفترا
As we said, you can make any noun in
Persian plural by using the suffix "ها".