hi i'm rebecca from engvid and today we
have another lesson on idioms what
another lesson on idioms yes because you
can never learn enough idioms why
because they're everywhere right there
at school they're at work there when you
go out to parties people are using
idioms everywhere also when you're
watching TV you're watching a drama
you're watching sports you hear them all
over the place the sooner you learn
idioms the more advanced your English
will be the more comfortable you'll feel
around people because people use them
and you understand what they're saying
okay all right so today we're gonna
focus on eight idioms not three eight
eight okay idioms that all start with
the word bye
all right so let's get started the first
one by heart okay now first of all I've
written all of the idioms here these are
the meanings but they're all mixed up so
don't look there okay you need to listen
to me and then we'll check later all
right let's do it like that so the first
one by heart what does it mean to know
something or learn something by heart by
heart it means from your memory to know
it
just like that for example when you were
a child right you learn nursery rhymes
probably little points that people teach
children and now if I ask you you
probably know them even though you might
not have said them for years you know
them by heart okay
you'll know them from memory alright
good the next one by hand when you say
that somebody made something by hand
it literally means by hand not by
machine that's the main point so whether
it's embroidery whether it's making
something out of wood or making
something out of stone you made it by
hand okay it was not made by a machine
alright the next one now here there are
two expressions that pretty much mean
the same
so you might hear someone saying by
chance or by coincidence and what does
that mean that means something happened
accidentally without any planning
alright and you were walking down the
street and by chance you met your old
teacher rebecca from engvid
I remember you okay alright so that
happened by chance or by coincidence all
right and the last one here is by
mistake or by accident all right so have
you ever called someone but it wasn't
the person you were meant to call you
were trying to call so then you called
that number by mistake or by accident
that means you didn't plan to do it it
wasn't on purpose it was a mistake all
right so now let's review them a little
bit so if you did something without
planning it just happened then which one
of these idioms describes that it would
be by chance okay there was no planning
involved it happened by chance or by
coincidence all right the next one not
on purpose
okay you didn't make that dial that
wrong number on purpose you did it by
mistake or by accident so when someone
says hello yes and you say oh I'm sorry
I called you by mistake okay or I called
you by accident all right the next one
if something is not made by machine then
it is usually made by hand okay good and
if you know something from memory that
means you know it by heart
all right good okay let's go on here now
by the book what does it mean when
someone is the kind of person who goes
by the book when they say the book
they're kind of referring to the book of
rules the book of laws okay so a person
who goes by the book
is a person who follows rules very
strictly all of us know people like this
some people are more relaxed about rules
and some people are very strict about
the rules and those kind of people who
are very strict or who are following the
rules very strictly or applying them
very strictly are called we say they are
going by the book all right got it good
now another expression it's a very
commonly used one by and large okay
by and large how's the weather today is
it a good day where you want is it sunny
is it raining
by and large means on the whole very
generally in general okay so you can use
it to talk about anything at all use it
to talk about something personal
something social talk about the weather
talk about your studies talk about
politics the world anything okay next by
leaps and bounds leaps is a leap is like
a big jump and bounds is also like a big
jump so this expression by leaps and
bounds means tremendously a lot okay if
somebody improved by leaps and bounds
they improved a lot very very much okay
and the last one by word of mouth you
might have this expression in your own
language and basically what it means is
by word of mouth means through people
talking not through advertising not
through marketing okay but by people
talking how did you hear about it by
word of mouth through people telling
each other alright so those are the four
down here now let's try to match them up
okay so how do you say that something
happened tremendously and quickly very
fast very much we say by leaps and
bounds good
how do you describe someone who follows
the rules very strictly follows the
letter of the law that someone is going
by the book okay if you want to convey
the idea of on the whole in general then
you could also use the expression very
sophisticated Li you could say by and
large I find that okay and then say
whatever you find you see that I plan on
a little British accent I love our
British teachers sometimes when we're
trying to sound really sophisticated we
put on a British accent yes we do okay
all right
I like my Canadian accent too all right
now what about through people telling
each other not through marketing not
through advertising to people telling
each other what's the expression for
that by word of mouth okay so now
basically with all idioms what do you
need to do okay you can watch this
lesson and you should and after the
lesson you should practice okay go to
our website at wwlp.com and there you
can do a quiz on this okay and you
really should because it's not always
enough to learn it once it's good very
good to review it but let's do a little
preview right here before that also so
let me ask you what do you know by heart
do you know Nursery Rhymes
do you remember a poem from school do
you know your prayers by heart there are
all kinds of things that we know by
heart okay have you ever made anything
by hand
yourself have you made anything maybe
you embroidered something maybe you made
something out of stone for someone okay
all right and have you ever met someone
famous by chance when you were walking
down the street did you ever meet
somebody by chance by accident without
planning think about it and here did you
ever forget someone's birthday by
mistake yeah usually if you
get it someone's birthday hits by
mistake okay you're not trying to do it
it happened but not on purpose okay it
happened by mistake all right
or you might have wished somebody for
their birthday on the wrong day so then
you wish them by mistake okay all right
now are you the kind of person who goes
by the book or are you kind of relaxed
about rules do you know someone who goes
by the book maybe a boss maybe a parent
maybe someone else okay by and large are
you a happy person I hope you're saying
yes okay all right and what did you do
to improve your English by leaps and
bounds what could you do can you think
of two or three things you could do to
improve your English by leaps and bounds
to improve your English tremendously
okay I'm sure you can think of some some
things to do and how did you hear about
English did you hear about Ingrid by
word of mouth did someone tell you about
England or did you come across it some
other way okay so by word of mouth
through people talking and telling each
other all right so these are some ways
that you can really make these idioms
your own apply them to yourself ask
yourself write examples with people that
you know okay because then it becomes
more personal and you can remember the
idioms more easily alright and also
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faster thanks very much for watching bye
for now