JUDY WOODRUFF: And now to a critical issue facing the airline industry, and that is an
unprecedented pilot shortage.
Pilots are retiring in droves, as it turns out, and not enough new pilots are being trained.
Boeing says the global aviation industry will need 800,000 new pilots over the next 20 years.
Special correspondent Cat Wise recently traveled to Bend, Oregon, to visit a community college
training students.
It is part of a broader effort by community colleges to better prepare students for the
work force, and the latest in our series on Rethinking College and part of our regular
education segment, Making the Grade.
ADAM MITCHELL, Flight Instructor, Central Oregon Community College: So, today, I think
we will work on -- we will do some steep turns.
CAT WISE: On a recent morning, student pilot Beverly Taylor and instructor Adam Mitchell
headed to a small plane at the Bend, Oregon, Airport.
BEVERLY TAYLOR, Student Pilot: Parking brake set inoperative.
Documents, check.
CAT WISE: As Taylor went through her pre-flight checklist, and closely examined the plane,
Mitchell quizzed her.
ADAM MITCHELL: What's our nose strut called?
BEVERLY TAYLOR: It's called -- I know it -- oleo.
ADAM MITCHELL: Yes, air oleo.
BEVERLY TAYLOR: Air oleo.
ADAM MITCHELL: Yes.
CAT WISE: After nearly 70 hours in the cockpit, Taylor earned her private pilot's license
earlier this month, the first step on what is often a time-consuming and expensive journey
to become an airline pilot.
Growing up, Taylor never thought she'd be where she is today.
BEVERLY TAYLOR: I grew up kind of poor, like, single mother, we lived in a trailer park.
And none of my family members went to college.
They all had kind of nothing -- no huge jobs, so I never pursued it.
CAT WISE: After high school, Taylor spent six years in the Navy.
When she got out, she learned she could use the G.I.
Bill to pay for pilot training.
She could have applied to one of the four-year aviation programs around the country, but
she wanted to get her new career started as quickly as possible.
BEVERLY TAYLOR: I'm 27 years old, which is not old.
I know that.
But I'm not fresh out of high school.
And I don't want to have to go through the whole bachelor system.
So, this is a good opportunity for me.
CAT WISE: Taylor is about six months into a two-year pilot training program at the Central
Oregon Community College in Bend.
It's one of about 70 similar programs at community colleges around the country gaining in popularity
as word spreads about opportunities in the aviation industry.
KARL BALDESSARI, Program Director, Central Oregon Community College Aviation: This is
an unprecedented time to be interested in aviation.
CAT WISE: Karl Baldessari is the director of the program, which began 13 years ago and
currently has about 200 students enrolled learning to be airplane, helicopter and drone
pilots.
Seventeen percent who begin the program complete it, and there's a waitlist to get in.
KARL BALDESSARI: So if you're on a westerly heading while accelerating, the compass is
going to swing temporarily to the north.
CAT WISE: Graduates walk away with an associate's degree in aeronautical science and all the
flight hours and certifications needed to be a commercial pilot.
The price tag for airplane students?
About $80,000 for tuition, fees and flight time.
A four-year aviation bachelor's degree can cost more than double that.
Many of the students, like Taylor, are military veterans, using their G.I. benefits to launch
into new careers.
Taylor's instructor, Adam Mitchell, is also a fellow vet.
ADAM MITCHELL: We like to showcase everyone's first solo, because it's when they are actually
sort of becoming a pilot.
CAT WISE: The 37-year-old is a former enlisted medical specialist for the Navy and Marines
who completed both helicopter and fixed-wing pilot training.
For the past eight months, he's been teaching to build up his flight hours.
But he's about to move on.
ADAM MITCHELL: I have just hit 1,000 hours.
Actually, I think today's flight put me over 1,000 hours.
So I just got picked up by kind of like a regional corporate airline up in Seattle.
CAT WISE: Mitchell's quick move into the new job probably wouldn't have happened just four
or five years ago.
Back then, new pilots would typically spend several years teaching and flying commercially
before earning enough hours to become a corporate or eventually an airline pilot.
Starting salaries at the regional airlines were about $25,000 a year.
Now, because there is a big demand for flight instruction time, recent pilot grads like
Mitchell are getting their required hours done a lot faster.
And Baldessari says, because of the pilot shortage, the airlines are ready to snatch
them up.
KARL BALDESSARI: Today, the difference is that after, about 15 to 18 months as an instructor,
these airplane pilots can move directly to the airlines.
The regional airlines will take them right on, and those airline salaries have essentially
doubled.
CAT WISE: The pilot shortage is leading to greater competition between the airlines for
new talent, and some companies are now recruiting student pilots while they are still in school.
BRYAN MCKUNE, Manager of Pilot Development, Alaska Airlines: Good afternoon.
How you all doing?
All right.
Super jazzed, super jazzed, super excited to be here.
CAT WISE: Bryan McKune is the manager of pilot development for Alaska Airlines.
BRYAN MCKUNE: We're the fifth biggest airline, but we're probably the top place to work at.
CAT WISE: McKune visits the Central Oregon Community College campus, and 22 other aviation
programs, twice a year to recruit students for Horizon Air, Alaska's regional carrier.
Many of the other major airlines now have similar recruiting efforts.
BRYAN MCKUNE: Just keep us informed of your hours.
MAN: Yes, I have been doing that.
BRYAN MCKUNE: OK, good.
MAN: I have been getting e-mails about that.
CAT WISE: Students accepted into Horizon's competitive program, like military vet Bryce
Thorton, receive a $7,500 stipend for school costs and a guaranteed job after they graduate
and meet the required flying hours.
BRYAN MCKUNE: We don't want to end up in a situation where we don't have pilots.
It's being very competitive.
And there's only so many.
And so, as this shortage increases, and the pool gets smaller and smaller, you can imagine
it's going to be more enticement and more bonuses.
All the airlines want to grow.
CAT WISE: How much the industry grows will depend, in part, on efforts to diversify and
expand the work force.
BEVERLY TAYLOR: I'm going to turn off the fasten seat belt sign at this time.
WOMAN: Currently, just 5 to 7 percent of pilots in the major airlines are women.
Baldessari says one of the goals of his program is to improve those stats.
KARL BALDESSARI: I think it's important to actually market ourselves to women, to show
them that this is absolutely a viable career path for them.
It's just as important to be able to employ women faculty, instructors as mentors, as
role models, as examples of exactly what you can achieve in this industry.
CAT WISE: There's also an effort under way to recruit future pilots while they are still
in high school.
The Central Oregon Community College aviation program recently donated a used FAA-certified
flight simulator to a nearby school in Sisters, Oregon; 35 juniors and seniors are enrolled
in a unique program teaching them to become pilots before some even have their driver's
license.
Sheryl Yeager is the school's flight science instructor.
SHERYL YEAGER, Flight Science Instructor, Sisters High School: The fact that we can
hook them in high school, and then funnel them into COCC, which is kind of the plan,
it's a career waiting to happen.
And it's a really good career.
CAT WISE: Back at the Bend Airport, student Beverly Taylor is perfecting her takeoffs
and landings.
After she completes her training next year, she plans to keep her options open, but she
wouldn't mind becoming a test pilot for NASA one day.
For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Cat Wise in Bend, Oregon.