Hi, guys and welcome to English Mania! My name is Antonia Romaker
going to bring up a rather advanced grammatical issue - the difference between will and be going to.
We use both to talk about something that is planned
or about something that we think is likely to happen in the future.
Where will you spend your vacation this year? Or: Where are you going to spend your vacation this year?
We will study psychology this semester. We are going to study psychology this semester.
Both are possible, however be going to is a tiny bit more informal and it is used more in speaking.
Now let's talk about predictions. We use 'will' rather than 'be going to' to predict something
based on our opinion or experience. I don't think your boss will like it.
So it's my opinion, I don't think your boss will like it.
We use be going to rather than will to predict something based on some present evidence not our opinion,
nothing personal, but based on some present evidence, some facts.
She's so sad, it looks like she is going to start crying. So I see her and she's sad this is evidence,
it makes me think that she is going to start crying. Hmm it is overcast it's going to rain soon.
When you make predictions with the verb will it is used a lot with phrases like
I think, I wonder, I imagine, I expect, I'm sure, I bet, I reckon.
By the way the last two are rather colloquial.
In questions we use mostly think or reckon. When do you think we'll finish the project?
Be going to is also used with such expressions, especially in informal contexts.
Now let's get to decision-making! Will is used to make decisions at the moment of speaking,
when you are in the moment. And you get your answer.
Be going to is used to make decisions about the future, that have already been made.
So it's settled already, you are not in the moment, it has been decided.
Let's go to the movies tonight. I'll pick you up at 6:00. What do you think? Shall we?
It has just been decided, I am making the arrangement right now.
I'm going to collect the children at 8:00. It has been previously arranged.
I'm going to collect the children at 8.
I'll take lasagna and orange juice. You're making the decision at the moment of speaking and use will.
When I've saved up enough money I'm going to buy a new car.
I have been thinking about it a lot and I have already decided on spending a lot of money on a new car.
In formal contexts use will for any situation. The meeting will start at 9:00 a.m. sharp.
And finally let's consider if-sentences, conditional sentences of the first type.
We can use will or be going to in the main clause with little difference in meaning. We can use both.
Usually here we are talking about something negative.
If you don't study you will fail your test. Or: If you don't study you're going to fail your test. So do study!
Here notice that if the future event does not depend on the action given in the if clause
then use be going to.
I'm going to order Chinese if you want some. So I'm going to order Chinese in any case,
whether you want it or not. But if I say 'I will order Chinese if you want some.'
Then your action depends on what your friend says, if he or she wants some, then you order some.
Use will in conditional sentences if the main clause refers to requests, promises, offers or ability.
If he phones I'll let you know. So I'm offering some service to you.
If you look to the left you'll see the lake.
Also use will when one thing is the logical consequence of another.
If you don't charge your phone it won't come on. So charge it first and then you can turn it on.
Okay that's it I hope that you enjoyed watching this class
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Happy English and Russian practice! Bye!
If you look to your left... which one is left for you? I'm not sure...