Hello!
We're looking at three ways of using 'must':
first of all, to tell yourself something,
and then secondly, to help someone else, someone different from yourself,
and then finally, to give formal instructions of some kind.
Hope you find it useful!
So, we're looking at three ways of using 'must', and here's the first one: and here's the first
one.
I'll just write 'To myself' at the top here, then I'll do a little drawing just to show
the point and myself, there's the arrow back to me.
And here's the first picture to illustrate, he's looking at a broken window, and what's
he saying?
He's saying 'I must get that window mended', 'I must get that window mended'.
He's being quite direct, using 'must', because he can afford to be direct - he's speaking
to himself.
Here are two more sentences: 'I must try to look my best' - I'm going to an interview,
I need to look my best, and again I'm being direct, I'm telling myself what I must do.
And here's one more example: 'I must return your book', 'I must return your book'.
Again it's something that I can afford to be direct, because I'm telling myself to do
something.
Now let's move on to the next section, which is about helping people.
I'll just write up the top here, 'To help someone', and then I'm going to draw a little
picture here, just to give the idea.
Here's a picture of me, that's my head, and I'm saying 'you must', and I'll just put a
little heart in there, to show how well-intentioned I am, because I want to help someone.
And here's a picture to tell the story.
There's somebody with a sore finger, and his friend looking quite concerned.
He's saying something to him.
He's going to say, 'you must see a doctor with that', 'you must see a doctor with that
bad finger of yours'.
He uses 'must', and he's direct, because he wants to help.
Let's have a couple more examples of that, here's another one: 'you must see this movie',
'you must see this movie'.
It's something I really want you to do, and I'm being direct because I know you'll like
it.
Here's another one: 'you must visit Venice at least once before you die.'
All right, that's all for that section, now let's move on to the last one.
This one is about formal instructions, so I'll just write 'Formal instructions' there,
'Formal instructions', then underneath I'll just draw a little picture to give my idea
of it, there's me and the raised finger saying, 'It must be...'.
And here's a picture to illustrate what we're talking about, a typical illustration that
you will see on every building site in the country.
'Hard hats must be worn on site'.
And here are a couple more examples of that.
Here's another one: 'Candidates must have at least five years experience', 'Candidates
must have at least five years experience', there's no argument.
And here's another one: 'Application must be made in writing', 'must be made in writing'.
So those are all formal instructions.
Now we've looked at three different ways of using 'must', they all share one thing, they're
all very direct.
The first one when you speak to yourself, 'I must do this, I must do that', it's fine
to be direct.
When you're trying to help someone else, it's fine to be direct.
And if you're giving formal instructions, like a legal thing or an instruction in writing,
then it's fine to be direct.
But we don't always want to be direct, and there's a second video on obligation which
you might like to look at, which deals with more indirect forms, using 'have to', 'should',
'could' and other ways.
All right, that's all, bye for now!