Hello everyone, today we are going to be doing anatomy! But of course we also did a community poll
as to what you guys would like to see me do specifically with anatomy, and that turned
out to be proportions and "how do I get them right?" Now fair warning, this one's
going to be a lot of measurements, so we're gonna get straight into that as soon as we
can. If you did not know, even though we are a YouTube channel, we are also an art school.
So you can check out our link in the description for our website, so you can check out our classes.
So anatomy usually means relativity when it comes to measurements. When I say relativity, that means
we are going to be measuring with different body parts to be in relative scale to one another. So,
we'll start with adults. Now if you didn't know, the body is measured in heads and that's why we draw
people starting with the head, and depending on the age of the person, the measurement of their
heads will change. Let's start by drawing a head, now you can usually draw the head -- and we
like to call this the "ball and shield", right. So it's like a circle and then almost like a shield
shape for our chin. I'm going to kind of go off of an adult male. I'm going to take this head,
Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V it so I can have it off to the side here. The male body is usually 7 to
7.5 heads tall, so we're just going to measure that out and the body is approximately this
tall. The body is measured in heads and all anatomy measurements are based on relativity, and always
keep in mind as well that every single thing when it comes to measurements in anatomy is approximate.
It's approximate and an average, so this is not true for everyone. In fact, it's rarely true for
everyone -- every person is different! So the neck, when we come down from the head the neck is about
a third to a half the length of the head. Another thing to note as
well, that generally -- so this is seven and a half, so that means that three and three quarters so that's
about halfway, oops... This would be about halfway. So that would be approximately where
the hips would start, this would be approximately where the feet would end, and of course this
is where the top of the head starts. The shoulder width for the adult man is approximately two heads
wide. So the shoulder width is approximately this width and I'm just going to erase and draw it in.
Normally you can also draw it if you're going with the very, very basic shapes, you can draw the upper
shape as a trapezoid. If you're starting out with anatomy, you can start with a super
basic shape the upper torso, like the chest area can be drawn as like a a trapezoid. So the center
section here, so kind of the stomach area, I kind of tend to piece it all together into one shape --
you can either have it as a rectangle, or if you want to fill out the stomach more you can draw
it more as an oval, depending on how you're feeling -- I'm going to stick to a rectangle. Here's where it
kind of deviates between men and women when it comes to our hips, which
biologically, they tend to be different. The hips equals the width or smaller
width than the chest, so approximately there would be the maximum that it would go out to. I'm probably
just going to stick with going straight down. Again, at the widest point, the hips should
generally be either similar width or smaller. Let's move on to the legs. With anything
that comes in pairs, they should be drawn at the same time, which means that if you have one section of
a leg, then you draw that same section of the leg on the next leg at the same time.
We want to make sure that if we draw one thigh, then we want to go on to the next thigh. If we draw
one calf, we want to go into the next calf. All right, so for the thighs we can do those first.
For this one you can kind of think of it as a rectangle, if I draw the shape off to the side
it's almost like a slightly curved rectangle with one side angled to fit the shape of the underwear.
For the knees, they're different depending on who you ask, right. I
tend to like to draw them in an elongated hexagon, because I like to be very geometric.
So with calves, if I were to do it kind of quickly, you never want to
forget the calf muscles because they're very very concentrated. If you kind of tense
your muscles there, you'll probably be able to feel your calf muscles because they're quite strong.
Yes, so when it comes to the calf, the outer muscle tends to be higher than the inner muscle.
If I was to draw it as a very harsh, geometric shape, which would be kind of this coffin shape,
it would be kind of like this. Because the ankle doesn't really have any muscle or fat or
anything like that, you can feel your ankle bones very, very clearly, that's why they're very thin
at the ends of your legs. Feet are incredibly easy, let me show you why. Your ankle can
be drawn as a circle, your heel can be drawn as a trapezoid, the midsection of your foot
can be drawn as a triangle connected to that one, and then the toes can be drawn as a semicircle.
Connect all those up, and you've got yourself a perfect shoe.
That's literally it, that's all it takes, right? And the best thing about this
is you can draw those shapes in different angles -- if you place them differently --
depending on how you place these shapes, you can have shoes drawn in different angles. So let's move
back onto the feet, so these two feet are both going to be going directly from the front, so
that means that we just got to draw all of our shapes stacked directly in front of each other,
just like that. For arms I'm going to show you another trick for arms when you want
to do them in certain positions, but let's do one that's directly on the side so I'll have this one
waving or something. This will be directly to the side, so that means I am going to do one after
the other, but normally you don't want to do that especially if they're in the same position. When
you draw an arm that is straight down to the sides, what you can actually do as a test, if you want
to stand up, put your arms directly to your sides you can actually measure this yourself -- your elbows
if you kind of draw a fake line across your body, you'll notice that your elbow kind of lines up
either with your belly button or right above your belly button, and you'll notice that the tips of
your fingers either go about halfway to a third down your thighs. So your fingertips tend
to end around right kind of in that area, and your elbow tends to line up with the middle of your torso.
Draw the belly button real quick. Your upper arm, or your bicep which you can kind of draw
as again, kind of a rounded cylinder-rectangle, kind of ends around at the belly button there.
So that's kind of where your elbow goes. All your joints can be drawn as circles. And kind
of the same deal with the calf, but this time your forearm muscles are equal on both sides, so you
can kind of just draw this one as a baseball bat instead, so if you kind of think of that
same shape. Your wrist can be another circle. But say we want this arm to be waving,
so we want to start with the wrist and the wrist can be drawn as a circle, same with the shoulder.
And let's draw just a hand; they don't have to do anything crazy just kind of draw a mitten, that
should be fine. Just make sure that we have these two circles and you can see them very clearly.
If you draw a dot in the center of both of these circles, connect them with a straight line, and then
draw a perpendicular line -- if you don't know what that is, it is another straight line that
goes directly through the first one in the middle at 90 degrees, so 90 degrees is a perfect corner.
And then kind of based off of these measurements, draw another circle for your elbow,
and just connect them! That's your arm in proportion. This will work fool proof every
single time unless if the arm is in perspective, so it will work every single time unless if the
arm is foreshortened. Same deal as the man, ball and shield, depending on the woman of course, you can
make her features a little bit softer if you would like, this is not the same for everybody of course.
There we go. So, not quite as tall as a man.
Now when we draw the woman's chest, it can be the same trapezoid shape, of course. The
chest width for a woman tends to be one to one and a half heads I believe.
Then again, you can kind of draw the upper torso.
I'm going to just adjust the shoulders a little bit here, so they sweep down a little bit more.
So again, depending on how strong the individual is, that's how wide you want the chest to be.
The upper torso -- and again this will change, this will change as well, depending on the
type of person that you are drawing. Right, so we can flare out the hips a little bit more
here, so this is considered an hourglass kind of body type, but not everybody has
an hourglass so we need to keep that in mind when we are doing body types. Legs are the same
deal, basically the exact same deal. Again, kind of this shape for the legs, so again the upper thigh and calves.
You can smooth these muscles out a little bit more as well.
Very generally, men tend to be more toned because based on testosterone, it is easier for
them to build up muscle mass. Same coffin shape, or same hexagon shape for the knees. Let me draw the
feet in too, because it's exactly the same. Let's do two hands on the hips. We want to draw
our shoulders and the wrists first, and you'll notice I'm doing them at the exact same time,
because it's in the same pose. So again, draw the dot, either one and I have a line connecting both,
a perpendicular line going through each of those, and then we can draw the rest. This
is a very strong kind of pose, but you notice how similar the men and the women are? There
really isn't that much difference, it's just measurements that are a little bit different.
How do you draw chibi poses? Here's the thing with chibis -- chibi anatomy is very non-anatomy.
It's a very stylized form of anatomy, so like the head is like the size of the body
is what I always tell my students. Chibis also differ depending on the person that draws them.
All right so for me, I tend to draw the body is like a bean, and each limb is like just a
rounded oval, just like an oval and you can add on the extra bits of the limbs.
They're very, very baby-like. Babies are quite similar to chibis. Alright, so a child, kid, or
teenagers are hard because they're in that stage between adulthood. The thing with kids
is that their heads tend to be very squished, so you can draw most kid heads as like quite small.
A lot of kids you can say are about five-ish heads tall. Top of the head here, bottom of the feet
should go here, because it's five, five divided by two, two and a half, so that's approximately
midway through there, is where the hips should go. Of course, all depends on the kid -- not always the
same, some people have longer legs than the others. The chest for a child is approximately one head
across, so you can just kind of do that. The neck is going to be quite thin, but the same deal it's like
approximately half the size of the head. With which adult measurement they're more close to,
it's men. So, their hips would be approximately the same width or smaller when it comes to children.
Also, I usually combine the midsection with the pelvis just because
they are so similar, because children do tend to still have baby fat. So their whole body can be
drawn as just like one big rectangle, and the legs are the same deal though generally, I tend to draw
children's legs a lot thinner because they haven't quite grown muscle yet, but it is the same
deal. Outer muscle much higher than the inner muscle of the calf legs.
Feet are exactly the same four shapes, circle for the ankle,
triangle for the midsection of the foot, and semicircle for the toes. Arms are exactly the
same again -- two shoulders, I'm gonna draw the two wrists both hands are gonna be waving this time.
Again, notice that I'm doing every single piece at the exact same time.
All right this is the same kind of deal. Children's limbs tend to be quite thin, that's one kind of
thing I want to point out. But their midsection is quite filled out because they still have baby
fat. This one, with a very heavy grain of salt, that does not always apply to everybody, right. "Limbs
tend to be thin" does not apply to everybody of course, but compared to an adult man and
adult woman, they are not as filled out because their muscles have not developed quite as much.
Now when it comes to doing a character that is more stylized, all these measurements that I
just talked to you about can be disregarded. In stylization, you don't really need to worry about
any of these measurements because things will change and things will
move around, right. That's the joys of adding style. Should you still know them? Yes, it is very, very
important so that you know how you're bending, so you don't bend too far, or that you still
know the rule set for each age group and each gender and whatever you're doing. With stylization
though, for me, I tend to stylize by drawing very, very bendy limbs. But when it comes to stylization
and poses and all that, generally it's all about exaggerating what you like to do. I tend to be very,
very bendy when it comes to drawing characters. I tend to exaggerate legs, I tend to exaggerate
poses. Here's an example of where this arm is foreshortened up in the forearm,
so here's an example of where the cross method would not work.
So we're going to draw one character who is with more realistic proportions,
and another character without realistic proportions -- their anatomy compared to
like how you would do someone a little more realistically. So I'm going to draw another male,
but I'll talk about how I would change certain aspects. So, an adult male, again let's start with
the head. The chin will start midway through this circle that you've drawn first when you draw your
ball and shield, and the back of your neck will come down from this first circle that
you've drawn midway through there, and never forget your Adam's apple if it is a man.
So our neck again, kind of about half the size of the head. I'm going to draw kind of the way
that I do torsos which tends to be more of a rib cage shape. So if I take the width of this
for a second, it's approximately because of the the chest isn't facing completely to the front,
so it's actually a little bit thinner. So this chest is approximately two-ish heads wide. I tend
to draw my upper torso as more of a rib cage shape to kind of fit. Another thing that I tend to do is
actually split the midsection in two. I'm going to have this character sitting, of course the hips
still going to kind of that underwear shape. When you're drawing the hips, anything of the pelvis,
right, you'll always want to think of what it looks like when you wear a pair of underwear. So again,
for legs in tandem, I'm going to draw -- because the legs are not in the exact same position, I'm going
to draw one after the other, rather than them in tandem. I'm going to draw them crossed. This is
another position that people tend to find tricky. So because the legs are crossed, you're not going
to be able to see the midsection of the underwear shape, and then the calf, same deal. I tend
to actually draw in these muscles more so. And the ankles are always going to be very, very thin.
Yes, and just the foot shape, right. You notice how I'm arranging the shapes to match the perspective
of the leg for the foot. And for this next part, now I can draw the other leg.
Because the leg is going to be crossed over, I want to raise this up and bring this leg over
this way, like that. If you are uncertain on how to do any kinds of poses, look up references!
References are not cheating! References are how you get better. So generally for me,
my arms, I don't really do the circle anymore -- well I do -- but I transform it into a shoulder
muscle. So I go straight into the muscles, so I have, your bicep usually has two kind of like that.
Let's talk about muscles, why not? Think of your muscles as like a chain, right. They will connect
like this, they intertwine just like a chain link kind of like that, right. So your upper
muscles will connect like that, of your arm and your lower ones will connect like that.
So that's kind of the full body, not quite so stylized person, but this is more how I would
draw an individual. Okay so, I'm going to draw the same pose but now more in a very, very stylized
fashion. So I keep the neck the same approximately, but I tend to bend it a little bit differently.
It tends to be the upper torso that I tend to stylize a lot.
So I tend to bend everything a lot, like I bend like crazy, just because I find that it
gives it a lot more of a fluid motion. So this is me sketching like how I'd normally sketch,
right, so I connect a lot of shapes, I kind of disregard a lot of stuff that happens.
But you kind of notice the difference between something that's stylized, and something that's
not quite so stylized, right? When you focus more on measurements, you'll always want to go back to
these measurements. Quick tip as well when it comes to drawing a profile, you want to make sure
that you have enough shape to the front of your face to your face, you don't want them to be
very flat. A tip that I got from one of my college profs was if you draw the face,
start from the top of the eyebrow and just draw a straight line down, the face should protrude
out quite a bit. It should protrude out, it shouldn't be very close to that straight line.
If you want to watch this drawing in real time, check out our live stream replay link
in the description below. I hope these tips can help you the next time you draw a person.
If you liked what you saw, be sure to hit that like button and subscribe so you never miss
an upload. Join our community with the links down below, and support us on Patreon where
you can download my working files like this one, and get perks like classes and critiques.
If you enjoyed this video, here's a couple other videos you can check out next!