Hello, wonderful person. This is anton and in today's video. We're going to be exploring
various stars of various sizes and we're going to compare the biggest and the smallest
Well known Stars in Universe Sandbox square. Anyway welcome to what the math.
And so let's actually start our adventure by leaving the solar system and our beautiful sun
And we're going to create a new simulation here and start with the smallest
Star we've discovered so far
This is basically the limit of how small the stars can get and it's very likely that we're not going to be able to find
anything smaller than this. And
It's a super cool dwarf as in super cold dwarf by the name of 2MASS JO253-1403
Unfortunately does not have a cooler name than that. Hasn't really been invented just yet, but maybe one day, we'll name it something really interesting
Next one, we're going to put here is
Going to be another red dwarf discovered in
2016 that has seven really interesting earth-like planets orbiting around it and this is the infamous Trappist 1
They're relatively similar in size
They're not very far off from each other. And now we're going to place the
closest [red] dwarfs to us and actually the closest star to us to begin with
Proxima Centauri, so as you can see all three of them are relatively similar in size
Ironically or interestingly, if I place Jupiter next to them
It's going to be about the same size so these are not far off from Jupiter
And they're even smaller than the largest planet was discovered by the name of
Hd 100-500 46b, so this is the infamous puffy gas giant very very low density and
Because of that it has a very large size. We're actually going to place it
Just right here. So you can compare it to the sizes of other objects later on
Now let's put our sun here just for a comparison and you'll notice how our sun is actually
Much larger than these stars this is our sun, and if you want to compare Earth to all of this
This is what Earth looks like so there is little earth in
Comparison to all of them we're going to place it. Maybe a right here at the end
so there's a tiny tiny tiny earth that's been burned and basically
melted by the heat from these stars.
Alright moving on let's go with another really interesting neighbor of ours,
Sirius A there's actually two serious stars here. Is the closest white dwarf to us. This is essentially the dead star
That's what our sun will become one day
It's going to become a white dwarf as well.
But we're actually interested in the se A which is what this star looks like we're going to place it right here
this is the size comparison and
So it's getting a larger and larger at this point
Next is going to be Pollux
Now pollux is going to be dramatically larger as you can see with suddenly jumped and increased in size
Quite a lot, and what's interesting is [that] we've actually discovered that it has a planet orbiting around it about 2.3
masses of Jupiter, and this is a planet known as Pollux be there it is in comparison to
Some of the other objects. It's actually very very very small
but obviously larger than Earth which is right there, but not as big as jupiter and
So now we're getting into really large objects
After Pollux we're going to place the next star that's going to be even larger. This is actually a star
that was briefly mentioned in the
2017 movie known as passengers a science fiction movie about two travellers going to a different
Star in in the system Far Far away
And there they pass by a star
Known as arcturus that they actually use arcturus as a kind of a slingshot, Maneuver Target
So just a little bit bigger than and pollux as you can see not by much
But [just] a little bit and at this point. We're getting into very very very large sort of sizes now
This is already really really big
but it gets bigger even even even more than this I'm going to place the next star known as alda Barren and
this star is also very famous, but to me it's actually really interesting because
This is essentially where one day specifically in about two million years
The Probe by the name of Pioneer 10 which left Earth many decades ago is going to actually pass by
So to [lilian] years later. It's going to possibly enter the system. So you know get your popcorn ready
No, I'm sure by then. We'll probably be gone
So okay. Let's move on next is going to be rigel now regio is actually not one star
It's possibly three or [even] five stars
but
It's very very powerful. It's very very bright super super powerful so bright as a matter of fact that it's responsible for
Lighting up several Nebulae around it including [the] infamous witch's head nebula
So this is a very bright star by the name of Rigel [it's] about 21 times
In terms of massive sun and in comparison [to] our sun if I were to basically place our sun next to it our sun is
Super Super Super small you can kind of see it
Maybe from this angle a little bit better, so it's basically
About the same difference as the difference between the sun and earth in terms of size
All right, so that's not the end yet. We're going to go to the next star by the name of Antares now
This is another really popular star and much much larger than everything else we've seen so far
Antares [you] may have heard this name actually if you play [the] Master will Ryan
There's a I believe it's called Massive orion battle for antares that's essentially the star in that region
And it's going to actually go Supernova in
Several hundred Thousand Years
it's possibly going to be one of the first [Supernovae] in the next few million years and
It's going to be when they go Supernova
It's going to be as bright as the moon in our sky
And it does have a companion star so it's very likely that this star is going to become
Possibly a neutron star and it's then going to do all kinds of things to its companion star
including possibly creating some sort of a super powerful pulsar
Alright, so antares is here. That's right. You'll regulus if you remember was much much bigger than our
Our own star [sun], and this is antares which is even larger than everything we've seen we're not done
We're going to the next famous star betelgeuse
now bill juice is
Something that originated in the Orion's belt. It's just a little bit bigger than antares and
This is probably one of the most visible stars in our sky. It's very bright orange or I guess more Reddish-orange and
it will also go Supernova in about a million years and will probably become a neutron star just like antares and
This is actually one of the most studied stars in our Galaxy. We know a lot about betelgeuse
It's been studied very thoroughly, and we understand it very very well
But we don't really know its exact size because it doesn't seem to have a companion so it's very difficult to measure its
Mass and it's very precise size
Now we're going to go for the giants the first one
We're going to mention is the star that was the biggest star we'll knew about
For about I don't know a few decades. This is v y canis majoris
Slightly bigger than betelgeuse it
size goes Beyond our [understanding] of Stellar evolution
And we don't really know what type of a star it is because it's very hard to define
We're not sure if it [-] the red supergiant or if it's a bright red hyper giant we're not sure about the size either
but we know it's much bigger than these other stars and
The last one and the biggest star ever is going to be uy scuti
This is actually started we discovered back in 1860
But we didn't measure it until about 2012 so we've confirmed its gigantic size only in 2012
And we think that it's possibly a red hyper giant but once again
We're not sure because first of all it's far away and second of all it's very hard to precisely point out its size
But we know that it's bigger than this one. It's bigger than canis Majoris
what we do is almost that this star is one of the most luminous in the sky and it's something like
[340] thousand times brighter than our tiny tiny tiny tiny star son that I'm going to show you
right next to [that] one so it's actually kind of almost impossible to see this is how tiny our sun is and
let's actually go into the
comparison [modes] and
go through [all] of these objects starting with a beautiful, but
Steamy Planet Earth so this used to be ours before [it] basically kind of that scorched by all these stars
But if I change this to 0 degrees, I guess I can't
Because it's too hot here [so] [there's] earth
that's
[to] mass [J0] [5] [to] [3] fortunately the smallest star we've discovered just a little bit smaller than [jupiter]
We have trappist then we have proxima Centauri, then we have the giant
[Planet] known as HD hundreds for
546 B, and then we have our sun
Now let's go into other stars
We have serious
Zoom out a little bit and you get Pollux
Zoom out a little bit more and you get arcturus
Out of the barn and there is those stars just so you can see them in comparison?
Rigel and now we have to start them it out even more because [now] we reach the hyper and Supergiant's
Antares
betelgeuse
Canis Majoris and [your] [uy] [Scuti] so in comparison to our sun
this is a tremendously large object as
A matter of fact, it's something like [2,000] times bigger than the sun
Just by Radius alone, so it would actually cover most of our sources and we first to place it there
Now there's another star. That's
Interesting, but it's actually not in our galaxy, but I'm going to place. It here anyway, and so start by the name of
R136a and it's actually going to be much smaller than these stars
But it is going to be the most massive star that we'll have here. It's something like
350 masses of the sun even though it's a lot smaller than some of these hyper giants and
This star is actually in a galaxy known as a large magellanic cloud and it's responsible for creating the largest
Nebula known to us known as the tarantula nebula and this star, we'll talk about in a little bit more detail later
And I've already talked about it previously as well, but this is actually a star. That's also very very interesting but once again
It's not in our Galaxy
So we're not going to focus on them just yet
But basically this is what the size comparison looks like for all of these stars and before we finish this video
You may have noticed that if I actually disabled the gravity mode so all these stars are just kind of stayin there
so we're just actually going here and
[Renamo] the Gravity
We're going to change the gravity back to one to what it was before
Pause the game and then see what happens. [can] you take a guess and anyway?
Thank you so much for [watching] and hopefully you enjoyed this video and [learn] something from it and if you did don't forget to subscribe
possibly share this video with someone who enjoys watching space videos science videos and wants to learn for [videogames] as well and
maybe even consider supporting the channel on Patreon and
Let's do this. What's going here unpause our game and let the havoc begin
Anyway, come back tomorrow to learn something else something really interesting that you may have not known before
I'll see you guys tomorrow [stays] out and as always
[Bye-bye], and
here [comes]
[the] Supernova
that is incredible look at these beautiful Supernovae as these stars start to collide with one another [let's] actually zoom out and
observe the beauty from from Afar
This is a lot of really beautiful color