DNA is the instruction manual for how to build life
From animals to plants to humans it defines us all
Information is stored in DNA using 4 types of molucules, which come in pairs
We have billions of these pairs
DNA folds itself into paired packages called chromosomes
Which are stored in the nucleus of cells
Each species has a different number of chromosomes
Humans have 46 chromosomes which contain our genes
Genes act as instructions for molecules called proteins
In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases
And we have an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 of these genes passed during reproduction
Each person has two copies of each gene
One inherited from each parent
And most genes are the same in all people except for a small number of genes being slightly different
These small differences contribute to each person's unique physical characteristics
Varying from height, color and personality traits
Some genes are dominant and some are recessive
Dominant genes are most often expressed as observable charcterstics
While recessive genes are often masked by dominant genes
The recessive genes are expressed when inherited from both parents
While we share 98% of our DNA with bonobos and chimpanzees
We don't quite look alike because that 2% equals thousands and thousands of different genes
And while all humans share over 99% of our DNA with each other
What we don't share is what makes us unique in our own way
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