Welcome back to Albany County Fasteners - Fasteners 101.
I'm Bob and today we're going to talk about galling, but before we do that,
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So today we're going to demonstrate to you galling, how to prevent galling, the scenario where certain fasteners do not gall.
It's all about those nuts. So, let's get into it - the nuts and bolts - and let's get started
I have here a hex cap screw and a finish nut.
Hex cap screws, screws, in general are rolled threads and nuts are cut threads.
And when you cut threads the difference is that you get more fiber on the threads; metal fibers.
I'm going to take this and I'm going to put in my vise, the hex cap screw,
and I'm going to take the nut, which is a standard heavy hex nut.
And this nut will show no signs of galling because there's no resistance basically.
I have four of them here I'm just going to screw those on
and you'll find that I don't even need any anti-seize or anything like that.
This is nut after nut.
A non-issue.
No galling.
It can be a little rough in certain areas because of the fibers, the metal fibers, in there.
But basically a regular finished nut or heavy hex nut or a jam nut
that have no nylons inserts in them, you should have no issues with those.
Now if you are having issues then possibly you have the wrong threads between both Items.
So what I'm saying is that if this was a 1/4"-20 and this was a 1/4"-28
you're gonna start cross threading. If one's fine thread and one is coarse thread.
So if you're putting a regular nut on a screw or a bolt and it's starting to gall up,
there's a reason for that.
You shouldn't have an issue with these.
Now nylon insert lock nuts - these are Jam nuts - So I have some jam nuts here.
I have a nylon lock nut, standard here and I have a waxed nylon insert lock nut
I showed you the heavy hex nut.
So I'm going to demonstrate for you putting these nylons on, which will create friction
and they will create a buildup of the metal fibers against the backside of this nylon.
Which will create galling and that's where the problem happens.
There are many reasons for this so let me demonstrate to you.
So I have some anti-seize here.
The problem with anti-seize: it can get a little messy depending on your product or project.
As you can see there it's like a paste and the anti-seize works just great.
So if you're just buying regular nylons with no wax on them and you want to use anti-seize,
I recommend you do that however, if you're buying wax you shouldn't need any anti-seize.
So I have some anti-seize here, I'm gonna put a dab of it on. Not much is required just a dab.
Just like that.
You should wear gloves when putting this on, if you put too much on it's gonna get messy.
So avoid that. That's nice and smooth.
That's the right way to put okay.
The anti-seize worked perfectly. No resistance.
So it's just a very little amount of anti-seize
and if you want to you can get a little cup and you can put some anti-seize in and just dip the tip of the bolt
a little bit in it that would save some time.
You can see there, what you will see is that it does make the threads dirty.
So if you're doing a car project or something like that you know it's not going to shine, you know.
It's not going to have that really clean look unless you get in there with some cleaner and remove it after you put the nut on.
So let's go into a standard nylon lock nut.
You'll see that I can start to turn this on until it gets to the point of the nylon.
Then it starts to tighten up because now we're threading the nylon.
At the same time, what's happening here, any fibers that are cut,
remember I said before that the screw and the hex bolt called roll threads these are cut threads.
They're cut with a lathe. So what happens is that there are more fibers in the nut
than you're gonna have on the actual bolt and I'm going to put this ratchet on and then I'm gonna start to turn.
In this situation, I'm not getting any resistance, Oh, I just started to. Okay that's because it's hitting the vise.
I'm going to, you can see I turned that on all the way with no galling so I'm not having an issue
in this situation. And then I'm gonna back it off so many of you also ask "can I take off a nylon lock nut
and put it back on"? Well as you see here, you will see that I'm going to take it off.
So I'm removing that nylon with no problem.
Now we may not gall any of this stuff up. It's all possible. It all depends on the manufacturing.
If there's more metal fibers in the nut, the more issues you're gonna have.
Now you can see and it's pretty hard to see this.
You can see that nylon, OOPS, is threaded because when he first manufactured it's just a piece of plain nylon.
Now it's threaded. So I can put this back on it'll still perform the same way.
You see it's tight again and now I'll put this on and it's vibration resistant because that's what they're for nylons.
So, yes, you can remove a nylon lock nut and reinstall it. How many times?
Obviously, the more you do it, it's gonna get looser over time.
I'm gonna remove this one. Let's take another nut and I will tell you that I feel a little more resistance right now
that I've reused this nylon.
I'm gonna take the drill because some of you asked about drills.
This is an impact unit and the impact doesn't work until it actually starts to lock up,
but you know, I don't know how far I'm gonna be able to get here,
but you can use them. I would not recommend high speed; very low speed.
The faster you go the more the nylon heats up and as it creates friction,
that's how you get more galling. You want to kind of prevent that.
So I don't have the proper socket here; deep enough. I have to add that to my tool chest,
but as you can see here, I'm not having any issue with galling.
I'm just gonna take another nut, I mean another screw, hex cap screw and let's try it again.
I'm gonna take another nylon this is a standard.
I'm going fast, typically what happens is you go faster, the more resistance you'll get.
Oh It just galled up. Okay, so you'll see there, okay, we're going but just it's starting to gall up.
So what's happening is as I go faster it starts creating more heat, more friction.
There's more changes in the metals and the nylon so the galling starts to happen.
So if you were to use an impact tool or a battery pack powered drill and you put a driver into it chances of
galling become an even higher percentage.
Your chances are a lot higher.
So I can feel some spots here where this is galling up, but it's not totally 100% seized.
So you can feel resistance as you go, but it hasn't seized all the way.
Let's do another one.
Okay, so we got galling. Here we go.
We finally got one. Look what happened.
I just snapped it. That is what we call seizing or gulling. A nut and bolt that seized up and I snapped it.
That's the result I want to show you and you can see that the faster you go, the more friction you create.
It doesn't mean every single one it's going to happen.
It could be one out of a dozen and here is the perfect scenario of what happens
and I always get these emails or questions: "why is this happening to me"?
There's really, this is really a problem of the materials. It's just inherited with stainless steel.
So you'll see this time and time again and I'll take another one now
and I'm gonna use the waxed nylon lock nuts, okay.
These are waxed they're put into a batch of hot wax there and then they're spun dry
and there's a nice coat of wax on these and they can still go up but your percentage of it happening
are very small.
This is nice and smooth. I tell ya,
Amazing difference and there you go.
It just goes on very clean and nice.
So if you have projects that you don't want to deal with the galling and you don't deal with the mess of anti-seize,
then get the waxed nuts.
Perfect.
So let's recap:
When putting a nylon lock nut on, you want to give steady pressure, use a hand ratchet or a screwdriver type socket.
If you can. When using an impact or a battery drill to apply your nuts, which I would not recommend,
steady slow speed. The higher the speed, the more friction you create.
The more heat you create, chances of galling percentages increase.
So I would avoid the impact or the battery drill or hand drill, but you can use them but it's slow speeds
and steady don't jerk the trigger. Which a lot of people like to do.
Try not to jerk the wrench as you're putting on or off the nut.
Also what you learned is that screws and bolts are rolled formed, whereas, nuts are cut.
Thanks for watching.