Hello and welcome to today's English lesson my name is Stuart. In today's
lesson we're going to look at words that we use when we talk about employment in
English let's go to the intro now as I said today's lesson is looking at this
topic here which is employment and most likely you are currently employed or you
will be in the future you will be looking for a job or you will be looking
for employment and all of these words here we can use to talk about this
particular topic now we're going to look at the different types of employment
some of the words you can call yourself when you are employed but all of these
words will come in handy for you if you're going into the job market or even
if you have to have an exam in English where you need to talk about this topic
so we're going to start off with the types of employment now these are the
types of employment that we have in Australia and most likely in other
english-speaking countries as well you have full-time employment part-time
employment casual employment fixed term or contract employment now as the name
does suggest full-time employment means that you work the whole week okay
depending on the country that you're in the majority of places are probably
between 38 and 40 hours a week could be considered full-time employment
part-time employment means that you are working not full-time
obviously you're only working part of the time maybe 12 hours a week maybe 20
hours a week maybe 18 but you're not spending all of your time in the office
or at the job you're working part-time and the next one is casual casual
meaning that it's not regular okay you don't have regular employment it's just
something casual maybe you work one day a month in one place one day a month
another one day a week here another place there you don't have anything
fixed or anything permanent so it's called casual work fixed term or
contract work sometimes you're working for a fixed period of time a fixed term
maybe it's two years maybe it's one year maybe it's nine months a fixed term
maybe it's longer maybe it's a contract as well your contract is for five years
and then the contract is terminated or renewed depending on the conditions of
the job so a fixed term or contract now people can be self-employed that means
that you are responsible for finding your own work it means that you don't
work for another person or another company okay you're responsible for
finding your own employment so you are self-employed maybe you are freelance
meaning that you move from one job to another sometimes if you may be working
in IT computers you could be a freelance worker you move from different places
doing different jobs perhaps on a contract maybe you are a subcontractor a
subcontractor normally in the building industry in Australia there's a lot of
subcontractors people that are subcontracted to do a specific task or
job maybe a plumber electrician bricklayer etc could be a subcontractor
maybe even a cleaner nowadays you could you could have a subcontractor cleaning
service trainee somebody who is getting experience in a company is known as a
trainee normally for a short period of time maybe three six nine months one
year you work as a trainee you might get a small salary you might not get a small
salary it depends on the conditions and then the other example here is an
apprentice and apprentice when I was coming into the labour market a lot of
people did a print ships meaning that they got a trade so
they became as I said before an electrician they became a plumber they
did some other type of apprenticeship maybe a baker an apprentice Baker where
they learnt a trade started to work to get the experience necessary normally at
a very low salary in the beginning because you're working to get the
experience in the job so you do your apprenticeship and you are an apprentice
and of course there was a famous television show with Donald Trump in the
States Alan Sugar I think in the UK that was called The Apprentice now
employment can be divided into two types historically we talk about blue-collar
work or white-collar work blue-collar meaning that it's more labour orientated
white-collar more professional let's say maybe you're working in an office some
type of managerial position maybe administrative you are white collar
worker blue-collar work obviously as I said before building work blue collar
something with is more manual labor involved okay you can be skilled or
unskilled so we call that skilled or unskilled employment a skilled
employment that you've got some type of qualification or you've done a course
where you have a little bit of expertise in the thing that you are doing or
unskilled where there's no skill required to do the job so maybe I don't
know a job where you just have to put paper into a box or something could be
considered unskilled we also have semi skilled which is a mix between the two
between unskilled and skilled semi-skilled and then of course we have
professional and we also have this one here creative you hear this quite a lot
nowadays talking about creatives and creative
employment people that are making things designing things developing things
called creatives now your employment could be in an office you could have a
desk job you could be this desk bound you could also have shift work or shift
employment we could say where you work different times of the day according to
the week okay so maybe a police officer doctor nurse etc one of these jobs which
has 24-hour service can be divided into shift work you can have the the morning
shift the afternoon shift the night shift we also call that in English the
graveyard shift so if you work from 10:00 o'clock in the evening or 10
o'clock at night through to 6:00 o'clock in the morning the night shift or the
grave yard shift because depending on what you do it could be quiet on that
particular shift now if you are unlucky in the fact that you don't have a job
you are jobless or unemployed now some places have higher unemployment levels
than others where I come from unemployment historically is fairly low
it's not difficult to get a job of course it's difficult to get a good job
but to get a job it's not that difficult so unemployment rates or employment
rates are quite high if you're looking for work you are a job seeker you are
looking for work you are seeking work you're a job seeker maybe you're working
for a company in the company no longer needs you and you are made redundant and
if you're lucky you can get a redundancy package where the company might give you
some money to help you find another job or to help you in the time that you need
to find another job so you're made redundant and
you're lucky you can get a redundancy package we can also if you lose your job
you can say that you got fired or you have been fired or you can get the sack
or the company can give you the sack okay
those two words a little bit informal but very common to hear these words to
get fired or to get the sack now if you go to a country and you don't have the
permission to work in that country which is quite common with people that come
into Europe or they come to Australia or they come to the USA or Canada or other
countries and they don't have the necessary permission to work they are
called undocumented workers or illegal workers now I remember many years ago in
Australia there were a lot of people coming in on our holiday visas from I'll
talk about the UK for example and they work for a period of time and then their
work visa expires but they continue to live in the country they become
undocumented workers or they become illegal workers and I know the case of
two or three people that were caught working illegally in Australia and of
course sometimes the penalties can be quite high or at least you're not
allowed to go back to the country for a long time if you get caught working
illegally or without documentation so that's also a dilemma for a lot of
people that are coming from countries where the labour market is not very good
where there's not a lot of opportunity and they come to a country where there
is they don't have the necessary papers in order
so they unfortunately become undocumented or illegal workers but all
of these words here we can use when we talk about employment in English now
thank you very much for watching the lesson if you have any questions or
comments please leave them in the section below give the video a thumbs up
if you liked it I'll see you in the next English video lesson share the video
with your friends and colleagues please see you later