hi everybody welcome to inkvid i'm adam
in today's lesson i want to give you a
few more phrasal verbs because i know
they're very popular with students
everybody wants to learn about phrasal
verbs and again what are phrasal verbs
they're a combination of a verb and a
preposition
and the problem that a lot of people
have is understanding what these things
mean because in many cases
when you combine the two words the verb
and the preposition you have a very
completely
you have a completely different meaning
than the two words themselves now this
is especially true with the phrasal
verbs i'm going to show you today okay
these ones you probably can't even guess
the secondary meanings some of the
literal meanings
like taking the words as they are
they might make sense but then the
secondary meanings
you really can't understand just by
looking at the word so somebody needs to
tell you so that's what i'm going to do
today so for example let's look at the
first one size up what does it mean to
size up a person or a situation or to
size someone up now a lot of people
think of size up maybe you know you go
to a hamburger restaurant and they ask
you if you want to size up so you get
from a medium french fries to a large
from a medium drink to a large drink
sure that's what it means but to size
someone up means to measure the person
not physically you're not measuring
height or width or weight what you're
measuring is the person's ability or the
person's confidence or the person's
value to you in some way right so when
you for example when you go to a job
interview
yes the interviewer is asking you
questions that they have and they ask
everybody but what they're really doing
is they're sizing you up they're trying
to see what kind of person you are
whether you will be good for the company
whether you will get along with your
coworkers whether you're competent so
all these things they're measuring about
you by
not so much the words you say but how
you say them are you using your hands
are you confident are you slouching
because you're a little bit nervous
right so all these things help them
measure you and you can do this for a
person you can do do this for a
situation so for example i want i have a
big company i want to buy a smaller
company
but before i do that i want to go there
and just size up the company make sure
it's worth my investment okay so that is
size up
so again by itself
very hard to guess uh the meaning of
this word so let's look at dish out so
again if you go to a diner and you order
a meal when the meal is ready the cook
will click the building and it'll say
dish out means the waitress or the
waiter can come pick it up and take it
to the customer
but to dish out
also means to
basically it's like give
but it's give in a very aggressive way
when you dish something out you're a
little bit insulting or attacking
someone in most cases or you're making
fun of right so you're dishing out the
insults you're dishing out the jokes
means you're
spreading them you're giving them very
quickly very aggressively okay now
there's a another common expression if
you can't take it
don't dish it out
so if you if you don't like people
making fun of you don't make fun of
other people right that's what that
means if you can't take it don't dish it
out dish it out give it one way
rat out
a rat of course you know is like a a big
mouse it's a very similar to a mouse but
different
to rat someone out or to rat out someone
or a company or a government agency
whatever the case may be means to expose
so if somebody does something bad
and you know about it
you can rat them out you can tell the
police or you can tell your boss or you
can tell
somebody that this person did something
and when you do that this person is
exposed it's not a secret anymore he or
she can't hide so you rat them out like
taking the rat out of the hole and
showing the world
that the rat exists i guess and that
that's why it's usually about something
bad when we think of rat rats are have a
very negative image so when you rat
someone out you're
showing the world that this person did
something bad
dig in now of course you can dig with a
shovel you can dig into the ground which
is very literal
when you another meaning of dig in means
help yourself like do or take or consume
so for example with food
everybody sits around the table and then
the host or hostess says okay everybody
dig in means eat just go for it take it
and eat it as much as you want
when you dig in you you consume or you
take in very
aggressively again i there's that word
aggressive but
with a lot of energy with a lot of
pleasure i guess you could say
especially with food dig in eat as much
as you want
go for it
now fill out i think a lot of people
think oh yeah i know this one you fill
out an application or you fill out a
questionnaire very simple
but fill out can also refer to a
person's body
so for example when i was young i was
very very very skinny
very skinny people thought i was
anorexic sometimes
but then one year
i suddenly
i filled out all my skinniness
filled out and i had a kind of a normal
looking body finally right so when i i
remember i was away from home for
almost a year and when i came home none
of my friends or family recognized me
because i gained 30 pounds in less than
a year
but
i didn't look fat i looked actually
normal i was just too skinny before i i
filled out finally it was very
satisfying
to water down and again remember all of
these all the first words are all verbs
so even if the thing doesn't look like a
verb remember that it is
water you think of as a noun
watered down means maybe the water level
is down that's fine but to water
something down or to water down a text
or something means to make it much
simpler
okay that's why sometimes we say to dumb
down
but some people don't like to use the
word dumb so you can use water down to
make something simpler or to make
something weaker so for example if you
have a bottle of alcohol
and you add water to it what you're
doing is you're watering down the
alcohol you're making it weaker and you
can use this for a lot of situations
where you can
basically add something or make
something simpler and makes it weaker
and maybe easier to digest okay
farm out now this is a pretty common
phrasal verb in the last decade or so or
even two decades
to farm out means to outsource now if
you're not sure what outsource means a
company that has a lot of business with
international customers for example like
a
technical support or customer service
now they could pay
the people in the country where they're
headquartered
but that could be very expensive so for
example in america or canada to pay
somebody to answer phone calls and
ask sorry answer people's questions
could be very expensive so these
companies farm out the work
to other countries where the labor is
cheaper so for example in canada it's
very common for companies to farm out
the
tech support work to places like india
for example
indians are very good with computers
very good with technology
but they also work for less than
canadians do
so
canadian companies farm out the work
they send it out to somebody else so the
the idea of farm comes from like you
send a cattle for example
one
farmer has cattle he sends it to another
cattle they make new cattle and then the
first one comes back right so that's
part of the thinking there to send out
somewhere else
now here i have suck up and suck it up
two different meanings which is why i
put them both but i put them together so
suck up again if you're thinking about a
vacuum cleaner a vacuum cleaner sucks up
dirt from the ground that's fine if you
suck up to someone for example your boss
it means you're flattering them too much
you're saying too many good things to
them because you want them to like you
maybe give you a promotion or maybe
not fire you if you're not doing such a
good job if you suck up to a teacher
you're always like asking questions
you're always telling the teacher how
pretty she looks or how handsome he
looks and you hope that the teacher will
give you better grades
people don't like people who suck up
but people do it all the time a person
who does who sucks up to somebody a lot
we simply call a suck-up
okay you just put the two words together
and you have a noun
but to suck it up
means to
basically take it in and not complain
right tolerate so if you're doing a very
hard job
and you're very tired and you say to
your boss
boss i'm tired i got to take a break and
your boss says suck it up we have to
finish this work today right it means
just tolerate the tiredness tolerate the
pain just
hold it in a little bit longer do the
job and then go home and relax and do
whatever you want suck it up
okay especially when we're talking about
pain or something negative feeling
now man up
people think it's very strange because
they've never seen man as a verb now
technically
man has actually many uses as a verb you
man the battlefields or you man the
stations means you somebody is standing
there taking care of the thing
to man up
means to be a man right like don't
complain it's a little similar to suck
it up
man up means
don't be afraid don't complain
just do it have confidence and just get
the job done and then later do whatever
you want okay it's a little bit slangy
but it's still commonly used and you can
say this to a woman too it doesn't have
to be to a man if you tell a woman come
on man up
some women will get offended but the
idea is just be strong be confident and
do what needs to be done
weigh in
so now again in sports let's say ufc or
boxing you have different categories of
fighters you have a heavyweight a
middleweight a
lightweight featherweight etc all of
these are different weights of the
fighters so before each match all the
fighters must stand on a scale and get
their weight measured and to make sure
they're in the right class of fighter
but to weigh in on something
can also mean to offer your own opinion
or to offer your own suggestion
so
a company wants to make some changes
but they want to make sure that all the
employees are happy so they ask all the
employees to weigh in on the changes
that the company needs to take to offer
their opinion to offer their suggestion
or advice etc so basically have your say
weigh in
light up light up means make a place
brighter that's the literal
if we're looking at light as light to
light up also means to beat by a very
heavy score especially we're talking
about sports
so if one team lights up another team
means they're scoring many points
against this team
in more of a physical thing if one
person lights up another person it means
it beats him up very much so if i'm
fighting somebody and i get many punches
into his face
which i don't do by the way but if i did
then you could say i lit him up right i
beat him very much with a lot of punches
it's a bit slang as well so be careful
how you use that
and speaking of beat if you beat someone
to something
that means you you reach the goal or
whatever that something is
first right
so if i'm have if i'm having a race and
i i beat all the other racers to the
finish line means i win
but if i beat someone to
like a goal or i beat someone to speak
to someone that means i did it first
so there's a girl that all the boys like
and all the boys are thinking okay i'm
going to ask her out i'm going to ask
her out but i asked her out first so i b
and she said yes and we went on a date i
beat all the other boys to her to the
date to the relationship etc so beat two
get get there first essentially so
that's all there is for all of these
there are a lot of phrasal verbs in
english and i know they're very
confusing for a lot of people
the main thing is first of all pay
attention when you hear them don't be
shy about asking people what does that
mean
but also go on the internet and if you
hear if you hear some phrasal verb just
do a search go to the dictionary do a
search on your search engine
and just start looking and always keep
notes
phrasal verbs are basically vocabulary
every time you learn new vocabulary
write it down
use it in a sentence and that's how
you're going to remember okay it's just
practice there's no secret to it you
just have to listen pay attention when
you're reading when you're listening
look them up in the dictionary keep
notes and these will become much easier
as you go along okay
so that's it if you have any questions
about these please go to inkvid.com you
can ask in the comment section there's
also a quiz
where you can test your understanding of
all the explanations i gave you here for
these phrasals
and uh yeah that's it if you like the
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vocab grammar tips all kinds of
interesting things okay see you bye