In this episode, I'm looking at 10 more discoveries inventions that came out of Persia, which is now known as Iran
Welcome back to FTD facts guys. My name is Leroy Kenton, and if you have not seen part one yet
We'll have a link below in the video description
Section where you can go and check it out and in case you don't see a certain discovery or invention in this episode. Yeah
It's probably in part one, but in any case, let's jump into this episode
starting at number 10 we have
Alcohol, yeah, a lot of you commented in part one saying hey you forgot alcohol. I didn't forget alcohol
I just didn't put it in the video because I can leave at 10 in anyway
So alcohol no doubt is one of the most used products in the entire world
But did you know that it was first invented by a Persian doctor named Muhammad bin?
Zakaria al-razi he had been working on different gases and chemicals
invented alcohol as time went on the form of alcohol was modified and also simplified by other people in a number 9 there is
Hookah, so the Persians also invented, hookah, and you see this thing right here. Yeah this device here
It's like there's a pipe that's used for smoking and vaporizing and there are all sorts
Of flavors that you can smoke there are different types of hookah as well with your own unique features
The water is used for vaporizing. The pipes are used for smoking and the bass is used for the
Flavoring and this is a use for hundreds of years
Hookah was later used and developed in a better form and used in other regions of the world
And do you know the game backgammon?
well
I've never played it before but it's always fascinating to me growing up backgammon is a board game that was created in Iran
And it's a two-player game
each player has 15 chucker pieces that move between 24 points and
Movements are based on rolling two dice
The objective of the game is to be the first to remove all 15 checkers off of the board and backgammon
also influence games like chess
But backgammon isn't the only game in this episode invented by the Persians
we all to have polo this game was first created in Persia in 600 BC and was known as
Shogun the game was originally used as practice for the army in the
Ottoman need empire but it really became popular in the Parthian era from their return into a worldwide sport during the
sassanid empire
in ancient, Persia
Shogun had two types
There is one without the horse so that children could play it and there's another version with horses for teens young adults
Whatever and of course playing it on horseback was just so much more fun. Kerosene lamps coming at number six
so a kerosene lamp also known as a
Paraffin lamp in some countries is a type of lamp that uses kerosene as fuel just like the name implies
kerosene lamps have a wick or
mantle as the light source
Covered by glass and like oil lamps these come in handy
For keeping your place. Well, lit during a power outage
They are often brought on camping trips as well as a backup for battery powered
Flashlights the first description of a simple lamp using crude mineral oil was provided by the Persian Alchemist
Al-razi in the 9th century Baghdad who referred to it as the NA Fatih in his kitab
Al-ahzar are known as the Book of Secrets
Ok, grab is at number 5
I grabbed as a mechanical device with two or more jaws and grabs can be used for things like
dredging loading and unloading ships and
salvaging the mechanical grab specifically the clam shell grab was invented by the Persian Banu Musa
Brothers and described in their book of ingenious devices in the 9th century the grab
Described by the Banu Musa brothers was used to remove objects from underwater and recover things in other bodies of water
the wind tower comes in at
Number 4 a wind tower aka a wind catcher is an Iranian structure used to create natural ventilation
In buildings, there are various types of wind catchers
There are the unidirectional ones the two directional ones as well as the multi-directional ones
They were used in ancient iranian architecture and you can still find one catcher in Iran today as well as in Persian inspired
architecture in places like Pakistan and Afghanistan
Here, we also have the padam own windmill
So padam own windmill is a type of wind turbine and it has a vertical
rotating access with horizontal wind catching blades the earliest known
windmill device was made by the
Persians and it was in the padam own design when the wind blew the windmill turned and there would normally be a grain grinder
attached to it or some other type of device
Now the earliest recorded windmill design was found in Persia and his believes
I've been invented between 700 and 900 AD wind powered machines may have been known earlier
But there's really no clear evidence
Of windmills prior to that time period and number 2. We have the book of healing and the Canon of Medicine
abu ali bin sina was a persian physician astronomer and a
Philosopher of the Islamic Golden Age now when he was only 18 years old
he started to record his most important works including an encyclopedia of Medicine the book of healing and the Canon of
Medicine now the Canon of Medicine was considered an authority in the medical world for centuries
it set the standards for medicine in medieval Europe and the Islamic world and was used as a
textbook throughout the 18th century in Europe and it also
Actually still is used in Unani medicine, which is a form of medicine practice over in India
And finally at number one we have
Zoroastrianism this year is considered by many to be the world's oldest monotheistic religion and was founded by the Prophet Zarathustra
over
3500 years ago in the city of Yas, which is now in Iran. It's estimated that there are about
200,000 Zoroastrians today and
Zoroastrians worship a god called ahura mazda and believe that fire is an element that represents the light and wisdom of this God
Zoroastrianism also influenced the Abrahamic religions and it was the official religion of several areas of Persia until
The 7th century AD after which Islam became the dominant religion in area
Alright guys. So those were ten more surprising Persian slash Iranian discoveries and inventions
This was another pretty exciting one, wasn't it?
So as always I'd love to hear your thoughts and comments down below and let me know what you learned as well as feel free
to leave any suggestions for future FTD facts
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Alright guys, you've been awesome. Can't wait to see you tomorrow in another episode