There's a Native American proverb that says,
"The one who tells the story rules the world."
Stories have the potential to be incredibly powerful.
They're able to change how we relate to each other, to change prejudice,
so the potential for stories to persuade is staggering.
I read this really, really good research paper about these two books
which basically suggested, that if you get people to read
a couple of chapters of Harry Potter, they'll rate themselves higher than
other people in their ability to potentially move something,
just using the power of their mind.
The people who read about the vampires, they'll actually believe
that their teeth are slightly longer than other people in the population,
just as a result of having read a chapter or two of this book.
In terms of psychology, there's a few things that stories
actually do to us.
We get this sense that we're
fully immersed in the world that we're reading about.
We start to almost feel as if the things that are happening to them,
are happening to us.
Reading is not a relaxation, you are building worlds,
you are populating those worlds with cities
and those cities you are populating with people.
So although television, film, theatre
all have their place in the storytelling world,
to me that moment of contact with a book, when you read a story
and unlock its secrets...
nothing quite comes close.
Our research has been on the meaning
of individual words, if you read
the word "jump" for example, you activate those areas that you also
activate when you do actually perform the action of jumping,
so it would be about here somewhere.
The interesting question in this case of course is, I mean if you read
about somebody else jumping, why should you activate
brain areas related to jumping?
The proponents of the theory would say that immersing yourself
into a story is based on the mirror neuron system.
I am convinced that mirror neurons are part of this process,
but it can't be the whole story.
It's been found that, when we connect with people who aren’t real
but are fictional characters, it forms a sort of social surrogate
for us - it's almost like they're a real person when they're not.
And psychologists sometimes call it...
And what's interesting about that is it kind of makes us feel less lonely
and it can also buffer self-esteem and improve our mood.
We know that having a lot of friendships with other people
when you're in a couple is a really positive thing for the outcomes
of that relationship.
But what's really interesting is they don’t have to be real people.
If you're trying to change people's opinions about controversial topics
such as same sex marriage or immigration for example,
stories have actually been found to be a lot more effective
in producing political change.
Attitudes towards stigmatised groups could be improved by reading
Harry Potter, but only if the person identified with Harry.
Children love stories, they always have a story to tell whether it's
about the weekend or what happened in the playground.
And it's such an important part of understanding the world around them,
and understanding themselves.
You should definitely turn this off right now and go and pick up a book.
Thanks for watching! :)
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