hello Aubry how's it going I'm great how are you happy to be here recording today on the
microphone it's always my favorite part of the week so what are you up to today oh I
have a friend meeting me here for lunch but no worries we'll have finished recording before
she arrives well good to know good to know because I don't want to hear you chewing on
the microphone with a friend sitting here out of you oh we're both eating
but you'll notice in my answer there I shared a grammar structure that's a little complicated to
say we'll have finished recording before she arrives guys this is future perfect you want
to you have surely used it before you have heard it before now you know what it's called and how
it's formed I think this is going to be really interesting so that uh yeah you can make sure to
use it in the future yeah super excited and happy to be getting into grammar we're gonna try to get
into more grammar for you guys in 2023 but in the same fun connection not Perfection way we do on
allers English I think our listeners are ready for that they're wanting that yeah that's definitely
you guys know it's not all about grammar you don't want to be stressed about every mistake but I know
you guys are interested in improving your grammar because you're at that level so we're going to
give you the information you need to get there but again with the focus like you said Lindsay of
connecting in English yes I love it so do we need to send our listeners back to any old episodes to
get ready for today yes this is a very recent one episode 1881 we answered the first half of today's
listener question this was from Julie Tang and it was such an interesting question but needed a
few episodes to really answer it fully so that one was called past perfect grammar for clarifying in
English because she asked about past perfect and also future perfect okay so today's kind of like a
second part of that episode right 100 episodes or not 100 about 30 episodes later we're back
right with part two um talking about what exactly Aubry yeah so we're gonna talk about how we use
the future perfect tense which just to break this down it's an action that will finish sometime in
the future before some other event in the future so this is all about future right okay but it is
a perfect tense so the construction is a little tricky we want to really break it down so that you
guys understand how we form it yeah and I think I just used this on an episode we just finished
recording right I said something like by the time this episode comes out we will have finished the
midterm elections right we will have already had the midterm election so let's get into it
let's get into it right so we we do use that will have right when we're looking back from a point
in time in the future we're sort of imagining ourselves in the future after these elections
have finished yeah and we're talking about it so it's so for example I might say oh I'll have
finished dinner by the time you get home all right if someone's late getting home from work and I'm
eating by myself I'll have finished dinner by the time you get home just pick yourself up something
yes exactly exactly and what do we say about don't bother what are we saying here I'm not clear so
we well so we often use this to say don't bother like in that case right if I'm saying you're not
going to be home by the time I've finished so oh I see you know maybe if we're at a restaurant and
someone's asking like have you ordered I'm on my way you might say like don't come because we'll
have finished by the time you get here so that's another it's sort of a Kind way of saying don't
bother to come to use this future perfect tense yeah it's kind of very current and it makes sense
I mean especially for a busy household where for you you have kids doing soccer and this and that
and sports and everyone's all over the place right so I imagine you use this a lot because people's
schedules are coinciding and colliding with each other not always lining up right and friends like
busy moms who like oh we want to meet for happy hour but you gotta take your kid here and there
so by the time I get there you guys may have finished eating should I bother coming definitely
when you're trying to arrange schedules this comes up all the time yeah now that we're kind of moving
out of the Health crisis we're all back out there in the world again you know living our lives and
so we use this more and more often interesting but today I love Aubry how you've prepared this
episode by breaking this grammar down down because the whole point is connection and we want to help
you guys you know slow down and really understand this with us today right Aubry so three layers so
we're going to do three layers of grammar exactly right especially where you're listening to this on
a podcast or maybe on YouTube you can't see the words written we really want to make this clear
so for each sentence that has future perfect there are sort of three chunks or three layers
we're going to talk about each one and build the sentence as we go so that hopefully it'll be a
visual even though you're listening to a podcast all right well let's start building so what is
the first layer that we need to know yeah so each sentence that has future perfect starts with the
subject and then will have and the past participle and this is the same for every subject so that
makes it a little easy right I will have eaten we will have eaten so you have the subject I you we
will have and then whatever your past participle is okay or she will have left right by the time
she arrives at the restaurant uh her friend will have left or will have already eaten dessert or
something right okay exactly love it so the tricky thing is here we've talked about this before past
participles can be difficult there are irregular past participles it's not always just adding Ed
so you do need to learn the past participles for each verb that's key for the perfect tenses past
perfect present perfect future perfect you have to know the past participle maybe someday we could do
an episode like a fun little quiz game episode on past participles for our listeners sometime
and make it really fun and active and fast that could be kind of cool that could be would be fun
and just as a note the best way to learn past participles is just to take in a lot of English
because you probably that sounded right to you that Lindsay said she will have left if she said
she will have leaved no that sounds terrible because you listen to our podcast you listen
to a lot of English usually you know what sounds correct as a past participle yeah guys hit follow
on aller's English right now so that you don't miss the next episode and this is how most of
our listeners have become nearly fluent is because they got addicted to aller's English
and they listen four days a week and then they went back healthy addiction all the episodes
you got it all right all right let's dive into your second chunk yeah so we have you know we
will have eaten what comes next is either before or by the time or when some kind of
time indicator right so for example we will have eaten before or we will have eaten by the time
okay I love it or we will have eaten when when she arrives or something like that right she'll
have left when they arrive right they'll have left by the time so there is flexibility here
but these are the three we use most often before by the time and when to share that something will
have happened by the time something else happens all right I love that so we're building up these
sentences one step at a time let's go into the third layer of the sentence here Opry what is
it yes it ends with present tense so for example we'll have eaten before you arrive so you have
okay object and it's always in present tense they'll have eaten before she arrives again
we have these three chunks we have the whole sentence here and it ends with present tense
good or she'll have left when he gets here right exactly right so that's the full sentence I hope
for you guys it now seems like this isn't so tough like when I understand the chunks when I
see what's happening here it's pretty simple right which is the goal so that you guys can now use it
okay Aubrey this is great we've layered out you know how to actually create this grammar what do
we need to know in a simple nutshell here yeah so Julie's question asks about will have versus would
have so Julie if you're listening I hope you are never fear we're going to share that soon because
these again are very different right in a nutshell like you said Lindsay we use would have as the
past tense of will have So today we're talking about will have we will have done something and
then we have the past tense of that too I would have done something and we also use would have in
conditionals to talk about something that didn't happen in the past so that definitely is another
episode be sure to follow so that you don't miss it because that's really fascinating too grammar
to be able to use yeah that's definitely grammar for another day guys we try to take one little
grammar piece at a time for you in small doses right to make it fun and focus on that connection
piece but I do want to know in a nutshell let's talk a little bit just for one second about that
phrase what does that mean yeah this is a really great idiom if you imagine an actual shell of a
nut like if you crack open a walnut and you have the shell there it's quite small so if you imagine
the information that could fit in that little nutshell would have to really be the synopsis
would have to be the most important details so that's what we just shared about would have it
would be a whole episode but we say in a nutshell here's the basics I love it so guys make sure you
hit follow to catch that other episode where we'll get back to that with would have and all
those other ways to say that but for now what do we have Aubry yeah we have a great role play here
this is fun Lindsay you have stepped into the Hall to take a call from me your co-worker here we go
I'll start us out okay have you guys started the meeting yes they started 30 minutes ago
they'll have finished going over the agenda when I get back oh boy I'm about 45 minutes out still
I think it'll have ended by the time you get here oh that's a terrible feeling to be that late for
a meeting you're like oh no it'll be over before I ever get there yeah what a hard thing when you
pack your schedule so full you know you feel like this is always happening to you right it's an
uncomfortable feeling you're always running around yeah I know especially I this happens to me a lot
because I'm bad at prioritizing I'll be like I can get all of that done and then I really need to be
reasonable and say okay this is this is gonna have to give I can't do all of this yeah it's true it's
true we want to yeah just committing to the right number of things in a day is the key what's that
art right um all right so what did I say I said here they started 30 minutes ago they'll have
finished going over the agenda when I get back so they will have finished when I get back yeah
and just to note that we do almost always make a contraction between the subject and will they'll
have finished I'll have finished right we rarely will say I will have finished it's gonna be I'll
bail Shield always I love it and then what would be the next one and then you said I think it'll
have ended by the time you get here right so we have it will have ended by the time you get here
yeah and I also want to make sure our listeners know this is not the only way to express this
right sometimes a native speaker might say they'll be done when you get back I might be more likely
honestly they'll be done by the time you get back yeah for sure and I I think this happens a lot too
if people are not positive that they're using future perfect correctly sometimes we'll almost
edit ourselves and be like Oh am I saying that right I'm just gonna I'm gonna say uh they're
gonna be done by the time other ways to say or the last one you know I think it'll be over by
the time you get here right so and I don't know if it's just if people aren't sure if it's right what
they're saying I think it's also just laziness a little bit or what's more it's more informal for
sure I think that sounds a little more informal to say it's going to be over by the time you get
here it does sound a little formal to use that future perfect and it just takes a lot of time
to say it's the grammar is a little long syllable right yes but the important thing is we want you
guys to know how to do it so what's the takeaway for our listeners well first I just noticed in the
role play there's a little bonus I want to share very quickly when I said I was saying that I was
45 minutes away I said oh I'm 45 minutes out and this is so native and natural instead of
saying I'm still 45 minutes away I still have 45 minutes to drive we say I'm 45 minutes out
which is really native I'm glad you said that I didn't even notice that but that is so natural
so natural I'm 45 minutes out such a great other way to say away yeah good Focus right so yeah for
a takeaway guys it's super helpful to be aware of all of these different verb tenses but again
don't let it derail you do not ever hesitate to talk with someone in English and make that
connection because you're worried about making a grammar mistake right don't let that stop you
don't let that stress you out there is value it is worth trying to improve your grammar knowing why
we use which tense when but don't let it keep you from a valuable connection yes and on the
line lifestyle side think about when you're over committing so this doesn't always happen to you
you're not be like everything right something's always done by the time you arrive try to avoid
that or see how what is that sweet spot of the right number of things in a day where you're
fulfilled you feel busy but you're not missing everything right yes right who knew grammar
could help us with our lifestyle goals I love it so good so good all right guys hit follow if
you love followers English and Aubry I'll see you again very soon awesome thanks Lindsay see you bye
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