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in a bit usually when people die there are various options how to dispose of their remains properly
and respectfully the methods differ but they all normally involve dealing with the entire
body at once that's not always what happens though sometimes certain body bars are removed
for preservation other times they mysteriously go missing especially om we're talking about a
famous or inFAMOUS figure today we're going to examine 10 such body parts that went on
to have interesting stories to tell long after their owners had shuffled off this Mortal coil
number 10. Galileo's middle finger when it comes to Italian scientists few if any were more
prolific or important than Galileo Galilei the astronomer who got into trouble with the Catholic
church for his heretical heliocentric hypothesis if you take a trip to the Galileo Museum in
Florence formerly The Institute and Museum of the history of science you can see many of the
artifacts that he used to make his discoveries you can also see his middle finger encased in a
glass egg so how did it get there well in 1737 almost 100 years after Galileo's death some of
the Sanders devotees arranged for his body to be dug up and entered in a mausoleum or
befitting some one of his stature since they were there anyway they also cut off three of Galileo's
fingers to take his keepsakes along with his last remaining tooth the middle finger always kept by
Florentine and Aquarian Anton Francisco gory and was later sold to various scientific institutes
until it came to the possession of the Museum of the history of Science in 1927. it has been on
display ever since becoming the only human remains exhibited in a place dedicated to sign to begin
at least that was the case until 2009 when the other missing fingers and the tooth re-emerged
after being lost for almost 300 years they were sold at auction and then reunited with the middle
finger and they're now displayed together 9. Washington's last tooth George Washington's
dental problems are fairly well documented he began experiencing toothaches and decay in his
twenties and the issues only got worse as he aged causing him frequent pain and prompting
the need for multiple Dentures despite the myth none of them were made of wood in fact
Washington's first set of Dentures was made by Dr John Baker out of ivory prior to the Revolutionary
War afterwards Washington employed the services of French dentist named Jean-Pierre Le mayur But
ultimately a doctor named John Greenwood became the founding father's personal dentist by the time
Washington became president he only had one real tooth left and Greenwood did everything possible
to save it leaving a hole to accommodate it in the dentures that he made for the president this was
not only due to Greenwood's belief that a dentist should never extract a tooth when it can still be
saved but also due to practical purposes since the real tooth was used to Anchor The Denture
however eventually the inevitable happened and Washington lost his last tooth as well
which he gifted to John Greenwood as a token of appreciation Greenwood kept the tooth in a
special locket that he carried with him at all times which is now in the New York Academy of
medicine's collection number 8. brother Andre's Heart during the early 20th century Andre Bessette
better known as brother Andre became a significant figure in the Catholic church in Canada getting
beautified by the Pope John Paul II in 1982 and ultimately canonized as a saint in 2010. this all
happened decades after he died though immediately following Brother Andre's death in 1937 his heart
was removed and placed inside a reliquary which was put on display at Saint Joseph's oratory in
Montreal fast forward a few decades to 1973 when the heart was stolen and it was held for a 50
000 Ransom though Ransom was paid for a year and then the heart was considered lost then one
day in 1974 prominent Montreal lawyer Frank shufi received Anonymous phone call from a
man who claimed to know the location of brother Andre's heart following his instructions she and
several police officers went to the basement of an apartment building in town and found the reliqui
hidden inside a locker with the seal unbroken and the Heart intact the identity of the thief remains
a mystery as does what prompted his change of heart pun intended 7. the Tolland Man's big
toe in 1950 a bog body was found in Denmark which became known as the Tolland man roughly 2400 years
old he had been preserved in exceptional condition especially the head which still had visible hair
and beard stubble unfortunately removing the body from the bog intact was challenging and scientists
weren't up to it for 70 years so they reached a compromise save the head leave the rest so if you
ever see the Tolland man at the silkborg Museum you should be advised that while the head is a
genuine article the body is a replica so what happened to the real body well it was excavated
out of the bog as safely as possible and then it was autopsied and cut up into smaller pieces that
were sent all over the place for research since the head was without a doubt the centerpiece of
the collection nobody kept close track of the other parts and soon enough they start to get
him misplaced during the 1980s Scholars thought that maybe they should try assembling the body
after years of effort they got everything back except for the internal organs and the big toe
from the right foot which had clearly been sawed off move forward again a few more decades and in
2016 the museum got an interesting call from a woman named Bert Christianson who had the ptolem
man's big toe she was the daughter of the late brawson Christensen a conservator who helped
preserve the ptolem man's head while working on the bog body he cut off the toe to study various
preservation techniques nobody ever asked for it back so he just kept it in a jar of blue liquid
on his desk until his death 6. Einstein's brain a similar situation happened with the brain of
Albert Einstein after his death in 1955. his body ended up in the care of pathologist Thomas Harvey
who proceeded to remove the brain for research given that the name Einstein has become synonymous
with genius it's hardly surprising that people wanted to study his brain what makes this story
controversial is that it remains unclear whether or not Harvey had permission to do what he did
or if he simply stole Einstein's brain and then refused to give it back according to Einstein's
biographers the Santa's left instructions to have his body cremated and his ashes scattered in a
secret location Harvey didn't know any of this of course he just saw a golden opportunity to advance
his own career When Hans Albert Einstein's son found out about this he was Furious but Harvey
managed to convince him to let him keep the brain in order to study the secret of genius with the
caveat that he would publish his findings soon inside epic journals but years turned into decades
until nothing everyone eventually forgot about Einstein's brain but Harvey still held on to it
storing it in several mason jars that he lugged with him across the country although this wasn't
known at the time the reason why Harvey kept quiet all those years was that there was nothing to say
the various neurologists who studied the small samples that Harvey was willing to par with all
said that the brain was normal and he didn't want that published it wasn't until 1985 three decades
after Einstein's death that the first papers on his brain came out claiming various differences
between his brain and a regular one which could have outlined the characteristics of Genius these
papers were heavily criticized and debunked but Harvey still kept the brain by that point he had
lost his marriage his job and his career and the brain was all he had it wasn't until his death
that his heirs finally gave away Einstein's brain most of which ended up at the national
museum of health and medicine all right we'll get back to today's video just a second but first a
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link below and now back to today's video 5. the Hamlet skulls there's a famous scene in Hamlet
where the protagonist picks up the skull of a dead Court Jester and launches into a monologue
that starts with the line alas poyoric I knew him Horatio since then Yorick has been described
as theater's greatest skull and it used to be played by a real human Cranium we don't think
this was actually done in Shakespeare's own time based on Diaries and lists of props from
that era but it was practiced during the 18th and 19th centuries we do know this from journals and
reviews written by multiple contemporary critics who referenced the use of real skull and bones in
the play but what about in modern times London's National Theater director Peter hall supposed
wanted to try it in 1975 but he became so overwhelmed during rehearsals that he switched it
with a replica for the live performances in 1982 pianist Andre Tchaikovsky bequeathed is Cranium to
the Royal Shakespeare company specifically to be used as Yorick following his strange request the
skull was used in photo shoots and rehearsals but never on stage until 2008 when the doctor himself
David Tennant used the real skull during the show for his performances Hamlet American comedian and
acting coach Dell close at the same idea he died in 1999 and wheeled his skull to the Goodman
Theater in Chicago to be used as Yorick while a real Cranium was employed on stage suspicions
soon arose that it did not belong to Dell close although the executor of his estate first denied
the allegations she eventually came clean saying that she couldn't find someone to preserve the
skull before The Cremation and that she bought a stand-in skull from a medical supply company
4. Burke's skin even though the killingsbury took place almost 200 years ago William Burke
and William Hare remain among Scotland's most notorious murderers originally starting out as
Body Snatchers Who Sold fresh corpses around chemical dissections Buccaneer eventually
discovered that it was easier and more profitable to Simply create the corpses instead of digging
them up they killed 16 people before being caught at which point Hare turned King's evidence and
ratted out his partner in exchange for immunity William Burke was hanged on the 28th of January
1829 in front of a giant crowd numbering in the tens of thousands as part of his sentence Burke
was also publicly dissected and the skeleton was removed and preserved and put on display
at the anatomical Museum of the Edinburgh Medical School strangers of all however Was the removal of
Burke's skin which was later used for binding a book number three Hayden's heads famed Austrian
composer Joseph Hayden died in Vienna in 1809 a man such as him surely deserved a lavish funeral
especially since he was under the patronage of the Royal House of Esther hazy but as it happened
Austria was at war with France at the time so Hayden was quickly buried without too much fuss
around 10 years later someone reminded Prince Nicolaus Esther hazy II that Hayden was still
sitting in that same grave so the wealthy Royal had in dug up and his remains were transferred to
his family's seat except that when they did so they discovered that Hayden's head was missing
here's what happened shortly after his burial two fans of the composer bribed the gravedigger
to give them Hayden's head in order to use infranology the debunked quackery that measured
bumps on the skull to predict various traits after they were done they kept the head as a trophy they
also showed it to anyone who came to visit so it wasn't hard for the prince to discover who stole
it he demanded that they returned the skull which they did sort of they did return a skull that was
then buried in a mausoleum alongside Hayden's remains we don't know whose crane it was but it
was definitely not Hayden's because the devious Duo held on to that one over the centuries the
skull passed from hand to hand until the early 20th century when it made its way into possession
of the estahese family they held a ceremony and finally reunited the body with a head 150 years
after they were separated however because they didn't know who the other skull belonged to they
didn't just want to throw it in the bin so they left it there and now Hayden's tomb has two heads
number 2. Jeremy bentham's entire body Jeremy Bentham was the father of utilitarianism as well
as one of the founders of University College London UCL but today he's mostly remembered as
the guy who asked for his body to be dissected preserved and put on display in Auto icon as he
called it strangely enough Bentham got his wish after his death In 1832 Dr Thomas Southward Smith
removed his skeleton and dressed in bentham's clothes and the auto icon was later displayed
inside the student center of UCL becoming an unofficial mascot of the college the head was
another matter Bentham wanted them to use his own mummified head but Dr Smith wasn't exactly
an expert on mummification he tried his verse but the end result looked quite ghastly so the college
chose to replace it with a wax replica even so for the majority of the auto icon's existence
the real head was still on display placed at the feet of its former owner it wasn't until the 1990s
that the genuine head was stored inside a safer security reasons after getting stolen and damaged
during a prank the culprits were students from ucl's rival University King's College in 1989 they
berlines bent them's head and according to Legend played football with it down the street it was
certainly in rough condition by the time the college got it back which was why UCL decided
to take it off display the students weren't too deterred though the following year they simply
stole bentham's wax head 1. Napoleon's penis what's Napoleon's penis doing in New Jersey
while this is strange and twisted Dale wonderful of Uncertain gaps it seems that after Napoleon's
death in 1821 his position Francesco autumachi dropped off the little general during the
autopsy and gave it to the priest who administer Napoleon's last rights Abe anger's poor vignali
the tendon stayed with the vignali family for a while but were unsure of its exact movements
until the early 20th century when it ended up in the collection of American rare books dealer ASW
Rosenbach in 1927 the organ was displayed for the first and so far only time at the Museum
of French art in New York afterward its Journey gets a little murky again until 1977 when it was
purchased at auction to three thousand dollars by urologist Dr John Latimer he kept it his home in
New Jersey for decades allowing only a handful of people to see it the member is now in the hands
of latim azairs who also keep it under close guard and in case you were wondering what it's
like it's been described as very small withered and like a piece of leather or a shriveled eel