Furthermore and moreover have similar meanings but are not
exactly the same. Let's first have a look at FURTHERMORE
you use FURTHERMORE to give another reason or an additional point
a separate point to clinch your argument to convince your reader or listener. for
example, 'you should take the job it's a good
position with good promotion prospects and
furthermore, it's well paid.' There are three
reasons why you should take the job and the final one
i add for emphasis using FURTHERMORE. you want to improve your English try
LetThemTalk you can watch our videos you can come to
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on youtube or on spotify itunes and all good
podcast platforms that's right. For an informal alternative to
FURTHERMORE you could use AS WELL AS THAT
returning to my first example; 'you should take the job,
it's a good position with good promotion prospects
and, as well as that, it's well paid.' MOREOVER is
similar to FURTHERMORE but not exactly interchangeable and the differences
cause a lot of confusion which i'll try and clear up now. With
moreover you add emphasis to the arguments that
you have already made rather than
adding a new one which you do with FURTHERMORE.
You talk about what we already know in a different way,
with some extra information. It will become clearer if i give you
some examples so here you are. 'i don't like chicken, my brothers don't
like chicken and moreover, my mother doesn't like
chicken as she's paying for it so we're not
having chicken at the wedding. FURTHERMORE would be
incorrect here because you've just got one argument.
The fact that we don't like chicken expressed in different ways
from a different perspective. I'll give you another example;
'drinking bleach is bad for you, i said it the doctor said it and moreover,
it's been proved by statistics.' Now there is only one reason why you shouldn't
drink bleach it's bad for you but with
MOREOVER you make the same point but you express it in a different way
from another perspective so it's not exactly the same
as FURTHERMORE. With FURTHERMORE it's: argument one,
argument two, whatever number and then FURTHERMORE
then argument three. With MOREOVER, it's argument one, argument one,
argument one, whatever number then MOREOVER
then argument one again okay but with different information.
let's look at one example to compare the two
'we shouldn't get a dog, they're expensive they have a lot of fleas and furthermore,
it makes it difficult for us to go on holiday.' 'we shouldn't get a dog,
grandpa doesn't want a dog, grandma doesn't want a dog
and moreover i don't want a dog, i'm the one who makes the decisions around here.
moreover and furthermore are they formal? yes they are.
Can you use them in conversation? Yes of course but just be
aware that they're very formal. They use them on TV they use them on the
radio and moreover, I use them. Informal
alternatives to MOREOVER you could use ON TOP OF THAT. 'i don't
like chicken, my brothers don't like chicken and on
top of that my mother doesn't like chicken
and she's paying for it so we're not having chicken at the wedding.'
You got it right let's move on to IN ADDITION TO
IN ADDITION TO you can use IN ADDITION TO
to say that something extra exists either a person or a thing
and this goes before a noun or a verb + ing so let's have a look at an
example of that. 'In addition to a very good salary you
will also receive free beer.' 'I just received the message
that Marsha will be joining us today in
addition to Bob and Sarah.' Is it formal?
Quite formal an informal alternative you could use
AS WELL AS. 'As well as a good salary you'll also receive free beer.'
Now let's look at BESIDES. You use BESIDES when you want to add
a point that isn't part of your argument. It's just an extra piece of information
which could be relevant. For example 'I don't think we should go
to Murmansk in the wintertime it's cold
it's dark and besides, i don't think i'm free that week.'
so my arguments against going to Murmansk
in the winter is that it's cold and dark but i'm giving some additional
information unconnected to the charms or otherwise of
Murmansk relating to my availability. I'll give you one more example. 'i don't want
to go to Le Bistro Des Amis, it's expensive and the food's not that
good and besides, i'm not even hungry.' You cannot replace
BESIDES here with FURTHERMORE or MOREOVER
or iIN ADDITION TO. Is it formal? Yes quite formal
An alternative could be to use either at the end of a negative sentence or you
could use IN ANY CASE. 'The restaurant's not very
good and in any case, i'm not hungry.' The
restaurant's not very good and i'm not hungry either.' We've just got
one more word to talk about today and that is INDEED but i do remind you
that we have another video on words to show
contrast; however, while, despite, although, albeit, nevertheless if you're
interested in that then check out the video up here. So
let's move on to INDEED we use INDEED to introduce a further and stronger, a
more surprising point to the one we just mentioned.
Now remember there are there are several uses of
indeed in english but we're just looking at one today
and that is how we can use it to introduce an
extra argument often surprising or emphatic
so for example, 'everyone knows smoking is bad for you but lots of smart
people smoke indeed, lots of doctors smoke.' So the idea
of doctor smoking is kind of surprising and you introduce
it with INDEED. One more example, 'bible stories
are popular among religious people and indeed, with
non-believers too.' i hope you enjoyed the video have a
beautiful day and see you soon bye.