The Fokker 100 is a medium-size twin-turbofan airliner from Fokker. Low operational costs
and scant competition in the 100-seat short-range class led to strong sales when it was introduced
in the late 1980s, but sales fell as competition increased. Production ended in 1997 with 283
airframes delivered. In July 2012, 156 Fokker 100 aircraft remained in airline service with
30 airlines around the world. It was the largest jet airliner built by Fokker before its bankruptcy
in 1997.
Design and development The Fokker F28 Mk 0100 program was announced
in 1983 as an updated replacement for Fokker's popular, but superseded F28 Fellowship design.
Marketed as the Fokker 1000 the design was based on the original F28 but features modern
avionics, new generation Rolls-Royce Tay turbofan engines and a redesigned wing. However the
most noticeable difference was the longer fuselage, which increased seating by 65% from
65 in the original F28 series to a maximum of 107 in a three-by-two single-class arrangement.
The new wing is claimed by Fokker to be 30% more efficient in cruise, while still keeping
the simplicity of a fixed leading edge. The cockpit was updated with a Rockwell Collins
DU-1000 EFIS. Like the Fokker Fellowship, the Fokker 100 features twin rear fuselage-mounted
engines and a T-tail, similar to that of the Douglas DC-9 family. The Fokker 100 does not
have eyebrow windows above the main cockpit windows as on the Fokker F28.
Two prototypes were built - the first, PH-MKH, flew for the first time on 30 November 1986,
and the second, PH-MKC, followed on 25 February 1987. The type certificate was awarded in
November 1987. The first deliveries of the Tay 620-15 powered versions started to Swissair
in February 1988. American Airlines, TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais and USAir were major customers
of the Fokker 100 and their aircraft were powered by the more powerful Tay 650-15.
Operational history By 1991, Fokker had produced 70 units and
had orders for more than 230. An extended-range version with additional fuel tanks in the
wings was introduced in 1993, and a quick-change passenger/freighter version in 1994, the 100QC.
A shorter version was introduced in 1993 as a replacement for the earlier F28, known as
the Fokker 70, which removed 4.70 m of the fuselage and reduced seating to 80. Studies
on the 130 seat Fokker 130 and the Fokker 100QC did not reach further stages of development.
A Fokker 100EJ was introduced in 2003 as a conversion from used Fokker 100 aircraft.
Although the design was a success in the marketplace, Fokker continued to lose money due to mismanagement.
Eventually their parent company, Daimler Benz Aerospace, shut them down. Fokker collapsed
in 1996 and wound up production in early 1997. There had been some discussion about the company
being purchased by Bombardier, but the plans fell through.
An Amsterdam-based group, Rekkof Restart negotiated to re-open the Fokker 70 and 100 lines in
1999, but the deal never completed. Stork B.V. acquired the maintenance business for
the aircraft and operated it under the name "Fokker Aviation".
Like any number of designs, the 70/100 was being increasingly squeezed from below by
stretched versions of the Bombardier and Embraer regional jets, which also killed off plans
for the Fairchild Dornier 528JET928JET and an unnamed design from ATR. A proposed stretch
version called the Fokker 130 was never built. From 2014 the French DGA Essais en Vol used
a Fokker 100 as a flying test bed. It replaced former Dassault Mystère XX's business jet.
This Fokker 100 is a former Régional's aircraft. It's called ABE-NG, for Avion Banc-d'Essais
de Nouvelle Génération. Operators
As of March 2014, 160 aircraft are still in operational use with airlines.
Air Niugini Air Panama
Alliance Airlines Austrian Airlines
Avianca Brasil Bek Air
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation Carpatair
Caspiy Greenland Express
Helvetic Airways Iran Air
Iran Aseman Airlines Kish Air
Mjet Aviation Moldavian Airlines
Network Aviation Montenegro Airlines
Naft Airlines Pelita Air
PGA Portugália Airlines Qeshm Airlines 4)
Government of Ivory Coast Skippers Aviation(Australia)
Virgin Australia Regional Airlines Trade Air
Transwisata Air Former operators
Aero Mongolia Air Berlin
Air Europe Air Express
Air France Air Gabon
Air Greece Air Inter
Air Littoral AirQuarius Aviation
American Airlines Avianca
Blue Line BMI/British Midland
Brit Air Canadian Airlines]]
CCM Airlines Contact Air
Cosmic Air Croatia Airlines
EUjet Flight West Airlines
Germania Girjet
Intair Inter Airlines
Iran Air Transport Jetsgo
Kish Air KLM Cityhopper
Korean Air Kostar Airlines
Mandarin Airlines Merpati Nusantara Airlines
Mexicana Midway Airlines
Moldavian Airlines OLT Jetair
Palair Macedonian Airlines Régional
Royal Brunei Airlines Royal Swazi National Airlines
SAM Sempati Air
Slovak Airlines Sol del Paraguay
Swissair TABA
TAM Airlines TAM Airlines
TAT European Airlines Uair
US Airways Yeongnam Air
Accidents and incidents 5 March 1993 (1993-03-05) – Palair Macedonian
Airlines Flight 301, a Fokker 100 crashed shortly after takeoff from Skopje Airport
on its way to Zurich Airport, killing 83 of 97 passengers and crew on board.
31 October 1996 (1996-10-31) – a TAM Airlines Fokker 100 operating flight 402 crashed
next to São Paulo-Congonhas Airport in Brazil, killing 99 people, including everyone on board
plus four people on the ground. 9 July 1997 (1997-07-09) – a TAM Airlines
Fokker 100 registration PT-WHK operating flight 283 en route from São José dos Campos to
São Paulo-Congonhas was climbing after takeoff from São José dos Campos when a bomb exploded
in the rear part of the passenger cabin. The uncontrolled decompression blew one passenger
out of the aircraft. The aircraft made a successful emergency landing in São Paulo, despite the
hole in the fuselage. 7 November 1999 (1999-11-07) – Air Dolomiti
Flight 2708, a Fokker 100 flying from Venice Marco Polo Airport with 44 on board, suffered
main gear failure while approaching Barcelona International Airport and landed safely on
a foam carpet. 23 May 2001 (2001-05-23) – The right
main landing gear of an American Airlines Fokker 100, registration number N1419D, operating
as AA Flight 1107, collapsed upon landing on Runway 17C at Dallas/Fort Worth International
Airport after a scheduled flight from Charlotte/Douglas International Airport. The pilot was able
to maintain directional control and bring the aircraft to a stop on the runway. The
incident was attributed to metal fatigue caused by a manufacturing flaw in the right main
gear's outer cylinder; there were no serious injuries to the 88 passengers or 4 crew, but
the aircraft was written off. 15 September 2001 (2001-09-15) – a TAM
Airlines Fokker 100 registration PT-MRN operating the charter flight 9755, flying from Recife
to Campinas-Viracopos, following an uncontained engine failure en route to Campinas had 3
cabin windows shattered by fragments of the engine and made an emergency landing at Belo
Horizonte-Confins. One passenger was sucked out partly and held by another passenger until
the aircraft landed. The passenger did not survive.
8 June 2002 (2002-30-08) – a TAM Airlines Fokker 100 en route from São Paulo to Marechal
Rondon International Airport Cuiabá made a successful emergency landing in a farm near
Birigui due to fuel exhaustion caused by a leak. All 5 crew and 24 passengers survived
without injuries. Unfortunately a cow was run over and killed by the airplane.
25 January 2007 (2007-01-25) – Air France Flight 7775 from Pau to Paris crashed
shortly after take-off. All 54 passengers and crew escaped from the aircraft, although
one person on the ground was killed . An investigation by the BEA revealed that the cause of the
accident was ice on the wings of the aircraft involved.
2 February 2008 (2008-02-02) – an Austrian Airlines Fokker 100 made an emergency landing
at Leeds Bradford International Airport in the UK, after the right engine was reported
idle. The pilots landed safely, and there were no injuries among the 103 passengers
and crew on board. 12 August 2009 (2009-08-12) – the wheel
on an Aseman Airlines Fokker 100 exploded and caught fire as the aircraft made a hard
landing in the city of Isfahan. 14 September 2009 (2009-09-14) – Contact
Air Flight 288 from Berlin Tegel was forced to make an emergency landing at Stuttgart
Airport, Germany. None of the passengers, including well-known German politician Franz
Müntefering, were seriously injured. 18 November 2009 (2009-11-18) – Iran
Air Fokker 100 EP-CFO suffered a landing gear malfunction on takeoff from Isfahan International
Airport. The aircraft was on a flight to Mehrabad Airport, Tehran when the undercarriage failed
to retract. The aircraft landed at Isfahan, but was substantially damaged when the left
main gear collapsed. 3 December 2009 (2009-12-03) – Merpati
Nusantara Airlines Fokker 100 PK-MJD made an emergency landing at El Tari Airport, Kupang
when the left main gear failed to extend. There were no injuries among the passengers
and crew. 15 January 2010 (2010-01-15) – Iran
Air Fokker 100 EP-IDA, operating Flight 223 was substantially damaged when the nose gear
collapsed after landing at Isfahan International Airport.
11 February 2010 (2010-02-11) – Click Mexicana Fokker 100 XA-SHJ, operating flight
CBE7222 was forced to land on its belly due to a presumed mechanical failure of the landing
gear; it was routed to make an emergency landing at Aeropuerto Internacional de Monterrey where
the aircraft overran the runway. None of the passengers were seriously injured.
25 August 2010 (2010-08-25) – Iran Aseman Airlines Fokker 100, operating as Flight 773,
overran the runway on landing at Tabriz International Airport in bad weather. The aircraft was substantially
damaged. 25 December 2012 (2012-12-25) – Air
Bagan Flight 11 XY-AGC crash-landed through trees which removed the wings 3km from Heho
Airport, killing one on board, one on the ground and injuring 11.
28 March 2014 (2014-03-28) – Avianca Brazil Fokker 100 MK28, operating as flight
6393 was forced to land on its belly at Brasília International Airport due to a presumed mechanical
failure of the landing gear. 44 passengers and 5 crew members were onboard. Everyone
survived the event. 10 May 2014 (2014-05-10) – Iran Aseman
Airlines Fokker 100 operating as flight 8053 made an emergency landing at Zahedan Airport
when the rear wheels of the plane failed to lower. The pilot was required to circle the
field for about an hour to consume excess fuel, before attempting the landing. Upon
touchdown, the front tire exploded, and the aircraft was transitioned onto the grassy
margins of the runway, without severe injuries. Aircraft on display
Ex-KLM Cityhopper PH-OFA Preserved at Lelystad Airport at the Aviodrome
Ex-KLM Cityhopper PH-OFE Preserved at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol on visitor's terrace
Ex-TAM Linhas Aéreas PT-MRL Preserved at QSC in retro scheme, at TAM's Museum
Unknown Fokker 100 preserved in Breda on the roof of Stolwerk Metaal BV
Specifications Notes: Data are provided for reference only.
Tay 620=Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 62015 and Tay 650=Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 65015
Sources: airliners.net, aer.ita.br See also
Related development Fokker 70
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Airbus A318 Antonov An-158
British Aerospace 146 Boeing 717
Bombardier CRJ1000 Embraer E-190/195
Fairchild Dornier 728 family Sukhoi Superjet 100
Tupolev Tu-334 Yakovlev Yak-42D
Related lists List of civil aircraft
References Notes
Bibliography
External links Fokker 100 page on manufacturer's site
Future100 Executive Jet and operators pages on FokkerServices.com
Rekkof Project Rekkof : Fokker 100NG
Fokker 100 info