Now, we're going to talk about how to form questions in the present progressive tense in Turkish so questions like, "Is he coming?"
Or "Are you going?" "Are you talking?" and so on
For our examples, we're going to use the verb "gelmek" to come
Now if we were going to form an affirmative statement in the present progressive tense with "gelmek," like "I am coming." or
"I regularly come," we would start with the verb stem "gel-"
Add the appropriate buffer vowel in this case "i"
"geli-" then the present progressive tense suffix "-yor"
"geliyor-" and
finally the appropriate personal suffix so "geliyorum"
I am coming
If however we want to form a question in the present progressive tense, we're going to do something slightly different. We're going to introduce a
question particle
Let's Look at how this works
We're still going to start with the verb stem "gel-"
We have the option of beginning with "ben"
the pronoun but, we don't have to, it's only optional so
"Ben geliyor-"
So far it's the same, "ben geliyor-" buffer vowel
present progressive tense suffix and now
We're going to start a new word
with the question particle. The question particle in Turkish can take four fifferent forms according to the rules of
four-way vowel harmony so it can show up as "mi, mı, mu, or mü"
Because the final vowel in "geliyor" is this "o" we're going to choose "mu"
"Ben geliyor-" new word..
question particle "mu" and finally
we're going to attach the personal suffix to the question particle directly so to ask "am I coming?"
We're going to say "Ben geliyor muyum?"
Notice that we're including this "y" as a buffer between these two vowels
Let's Move on to the second person singular so "are you, singular, are you informal, coming?"
"Sen" optional you don't need it, it's complete without it
"geliyor" so far exact the same, new word
Question particle "musun"
"Geliyor musun?": Are you coming?
For the third person singular: he, she or it
Or we can use someone's name..."o geliyor-"
new word, question particle "mu"
Now
Because we don't have a personal suffix we need to add for the third person singular we'll stop there
"O geliyor mu?" or simply "Geliyor mu?": Is he, she or it coming?
and of course you can use a
noun or a proper now like "Is my friend coming, is Harry coming?" and so on
Let's move on to the plural
"Biz": we
"geliyor mu..." question particle "...yuz?"
And notice that, we are including that "y" to buffer between these two "u"s, so "Biz geliyor muyuz?": Are we coming?
Second person plural, you plural or you formal
"Siz geliyor musunuz?"
So "Siz geliyor musunuz?": Are you coming?
Finally, the third person plural if we want to ask if they are coming
optional "onlar"
Or of course, we are free to use a noun or a proper noun instead of "onlar" name like
cats, dogs, anything like that
"Onlar geliyor mu?"
Just like in the
Third-person singular is he/she it coming? "Onlar geliyor mu?": Are they coming?
For the third person plural, if we're asking if they're coming, we have the option of adding
the
plural suffix
to "geliyor"
So, we might say "onlar geliyorlar..."
and then we have the question particle but because "-lar"
Agrees with a different vowel in four-way vowel harmony then "-yor" does
we're going to choose a different version of the question particle so instead of "mu" we're going to choose "mı"
"Onlar geliyorlar mı?"
Are they coming?
And that's how you form questions using the present progressive tense