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When people ask what is Web 3.0 or Web3 they’re often asking how the future internet is going
to be different from what we have today, and what we have had in the past.
Viewers over the age of 30 might remember the static web pages of Web 1.0, which were
basically an information dump that internet users could browse, but not interact with.
It might be hard to imagine now, but in the early 1990s, it still wasn’t possible to
add photographs or attachments to an email!
And also, the internet screamed when you tried to access it.
As we moved into the 2000s, search engines like Google started to bring order to the
internet, and websites became more interactive.
Web 2.0 is typified by social media sites such as Youtube, Blogger, and Facebook, and
then later by the birth of apps that could be used on mobile devices.
This period saw not just a huge increase in file sharing, but also in the amount of digital
data that was produced by all of these interactions.
Those who moved quickly enough to capture this data and create a network effect became
the Kings of Web 2.0.
The business models of tech companies like Google and Facebook saw them become incredibly
rich and powerful through the free harvesting of data from users, and sale of targeted data
to advertisers.
This monopoly of web power came about as a result of free market activities, it wasn’t
planned or agreed to in a democratic way.
The emergence of blockchain means that we will now be able to consciously build Web
3.0 in a way that works for everyone.
One of the major differences is that Web3 will give users more control over their data.
They will have the power to decide who, if anyone, collects their data, how it gets used,
and whether they get a cut of the platform’s revenues.
This model reflects the value of user contributions to online ecosystems, and is already in place
on some forward-thinking projects like the Brave Web Browser, which prevents third-party
tracking and allows users to choose whether they want to see pop-up ads or not.
And those who opt-in to seeing ads across Brave platforms are rewarded in Basic Attention
Token, the browser’s native crypto currency.
Brave users can also choose to tip content creators with the BAT token, taking the power
away from intermediaries like YouTube who usually decide who can and who can’t make
money from the content.
Another big change is that future web users will be able to have a cross-platform online
identity.
This will be like a driver’s license, except that the identity will be secured by the blockchain
and exist only online.
We will use our identities to sign into websites, sign up for services, fill out mortgage applications,
claim tax refunds and so much more.
Blockchain-based projects like Civic, Cardano, and Ontology are already trying to build these
digital identity frameworks, and many platforms are trying to onboard the first successful
blockchain-based social network.
In Web3 a person’s online community won’t exist solely on one centralized platform.
Friends will be linked through their online identities, and if a user opens an account
on a new social media site or DApp, they’ll bring all of their connections across with
them.
These are some of the changes that Web3 can make to existing services, but perhaps the
most exciting prospect is what advances in machine learning could bring to the internet
of the future.
Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the world wide web, has coined the term Semantic Web
to refer to new distinctions that artificial intelligence is able to make when searching
for and linking information.
By understanding the meaning of words and the relationship between different pieces
of data, a Web3 search will have the ability to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant
information, like humans.
No more trying to guess the correct keywords to write into Google!
Also, due to the increased connectivity across Web3, accessing the information or content
that you want will be possible across multiple platforms, instead of siloed into individual
platforms, like in Web 2.0.
This brings an extra layer of importance to blockchain projects that aim to connect all
of the major blockchains together, such as Polkadot and Cosmos.
In fact, many aspects of Web3 are already in their first iterations today, such as Cloud
Computing, Augmented Reality, and the Internet of Things, which allows us to connect everyday
items and appliances to the web.
Blockchains like IoTeX have been launched to regulate the trusted exchange of information
in the emerging world of IoT, as it is predicted that by 2030, 100 billion devices will be
connected to the internet, outnumbering humans by
a factor of 10:1.
This means there will be an exponentially large amount of data gathered about our personal
lives, and really flags up the importance of decentralized blockchain technology to
ensure that third parties cannot access our data without our express consent, and to send
a clear message that our private data belongs to us.
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