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19:28 in a little less than 70 years the
warming tongues revolutionary government
led by Chiang kai-shek grew from a mere
insurrection to China's main power and
the Chinese Communist Party which only
counted 50 members in the beginning now
had its own army dispersed throughout
the countryside in the south of China
Beijing the official capital was still
however controlled by the old marshal
Jiang daulin leader of the function
click and master of the bay young
government three armed factions were in
competition in early 1928 the warming
tongue now financially backed by the US
Britain and several banks in China could
reorganize and Requip itself to pursue
the northern expedition the National
Revolutionary Army counted 700,000 men
on the other side of the Yellow River
the National pacification army
controlled by Jiang Doolin counted only
450,000 soldiers however it possessed a
whole new Ft tanks then the French army
had left behind after the Siberian
expeditions against the Soviets it was
also heavily influenced by the Japanese
who had control of Korea and many parts
of Manchuria in spring the National
Revolutionary Army successively captured
Hangzhou then dashing and arrived at
g-man on the 29th of April where the
Japanese had had a garrison since the
end of World War one they started to
circle the city the National
pacification army led by Jiang dong
Qiang the dog meat general fled from the
town and withdrew further north in
parallel the Japanese Imperial Army
mobilize troops from the China garrison
army based in Tianjin in sujean an to
protect over 2,000 Japanese civilians in
the city the situation was tense
well her Luke Warmington was not at war
with the Japanese strong nationalistic
feelings led its members to hate them on
the 2nd of May Chiang kai-shek arrived
into town and promised a safeguard of
Japanese civilians in exchange for the
withdrawal of Japanese soldiers local
Japanese commander he kosuke fukudome's
the next morning however the handful of
Japanese civilians were killed by
Chinese Chiang kai-shek wanted
pursue the northern expedition and deal
with the issue later being close to the
targeted Beijing but general he Kosuke
was determined not to let the insult
unpunished after proposing an unequal
treaty to the warming tongue they knew
they could not accept the Japanese army
launched a full attack on jeanann
killing thousands of civilians and some
soldiers Chiang kai-shek knew he could
not fight the Japanese army so he
abandoned jinan and its surroundings to
pursue his campaign north
the Japanese his authority was only
growing sent a message to both the
warming tongue and thanked in cleek
telling them that any fighting in
Manchuria would result in an imperial
japanese army's intervention in order to
dissociate himself of any responsibility
at the gene an incident which the
warming tongue was trying to reinforce
through propaganda zhang zhehan
responded by stating he would not
recognize any japanese interests in
Manchuria at the same time as the
National Revolutionary Army gained more
territory he and the National
pacification army gradually retreated
back to Manchuria by train the statement
he had made was a grave mistake as the
Japanese had him assassinated a few days
later by exploding a bomb on his train
many of his officials and officers died
on the spot mortally wounded himself
Chung Dolan was transported to one of
his nearby homes where he died after a
couple of hours leadership of the
function cleek was transferred to his
son the 27 year old Zhang Syria on the
6th of June 1928 the National
Revolutionary Army finally entered
Beijing unopposed no blood was shed over
the historical capital city the bay
young government was over John Collins
son Jiang Shi Liang nicknamed the young
marshal with the intent of ending the
war in China swore allegiance to the
Kuomintang a few thousand soldiers led
by Jiang dong Qiang however refused to
surrender and who consequently destroyed
by the National Revolutionary Army and
Zhang Jie Yang's forces over the next
few months the northern expedition was
finally concluded on the 29th of
December 1928 the national government of
the republic of china internationally
recognized as the sole legitimate
government of the country was set up and
it's only capital was Nanjing although a
few final rebellions against the
centralized government to play
China was officially unified for the
first time in several decades
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in the south of China the Communists had
been clandestinely reorganizing
themselves in big cities such as
Shanghai they created the Chong yang
taka an intelligence agency of their own
guerrilla tactics landlord persecution
and expropriation had allowed them to
establish several Soviet areas in
different provinces as well as gaining
the support of the peasantry the Chinese
Red Army had grown to a near 100,000
troops truther and mao zedong who
controlled the largest portion of the
forces known as the fourth army
established the jacksie soviets that
would become the heart both militarily
and politically of soviet china whole
long controlled areas in Hebei and led
the Third Army Joe and Lai overseeing
underground work in Shanghai became the
de facto party leader he advised against
a full-scale revolution to the time
being rather encouraging the
strengthening of the party and army
tanks helping an old friend of Joe Enlai
became a Red Army figure and led several
uprisings in the south ponder why the
warming Tung officer defected to the
Communists and took charge of the fifth
Army inevitably the communist forces
were growing reaching over 140,000
troops by 1930 Chiang kai-shek realizing
the dye situation for the integrity of
China he had only just reunified decided
to launch a series of campaigns to
suppress the Chinese Red Army known as
the encirclement campaigns the objective
was to isolate pockets of resistance and
destroyed them two major problems
however stood against him after the
northern expedition he had ordered to
greatly decrease the size and budget of
the National Revolutionary Army in order
to finance modernization and development
projects for the country secondly the
Chinese Red Army was now specialized in
guerrilla tactics while the National
Revolutionary Army was only experienced
in battlefield fighting furthermore the
spies the Communists had planted within
the calling tongue through their
Intelligence Agency allowed them to
discover crucial information about the
military operations due to this the
first and second encirclement campaigns
were total fails for the Kuomintang the
Chinese Red Army inflicted over 100,000
casualties to the National Revolutionary
Army suffering itself only minor losses
at the same time purges started to take
place in the Communist ranks as
rivalries within the leaders began to
appear a few major figures distinguished
themselves such as Malta Tung and ruther
Joanne lie still based in Shanghai
however stayed head of the party taking
care of political rather than military
maneuvers while Chiang kai-shek was
preparing a third campaign a completely
unexpected event happened on the 18th of
September 1931 the Japanese sabotage the
railway line of the Japanese owned South
Manchuria railway and accused the
Chinese of the incident the Imperial
Japanese Army then flooded Manchuria
with tens of thousands of soldiers and
occupied the region this was a prelude
to the second sino-japanese war taking
advantage of the situation
mulder dong made his move he officially
founded the Chinese Soviet republic and
became its leader with Georgia as
second-in-command
they were shortly after joined by Joanne
lie he tried to limit the purges as much
as possible Chiang kai-shek wanted to
deal with the communist forces before
tackling the Japanese threats the policy
known as internal pacification first
then external resistance and he launched
a fourth encirclement campaign in 1932
although successful in his tactics
defeating the Red Army he and the
national revolutionary army commanders
decided to leave too soon
allowing the Communists to regroup and
rebuild the Chinese Soviet republic by
now
Malta dong held most authority in the
Communist ranks eliminating anyone who
challenged him in 1933 determined Chiang
kai-shek lost a fifth and final campaign
as he looked towards modernization of
his armies he sought out foreign
advisers Nazi Germany which had just
been born said Hans 1/6 a World War one
veteran see no German relations were
largely accelerated this time rather
than charging into the Soviet areas the
National Revolutionary Army advised by
von Seeckt besieged them building
fortifications and letting attrition
break the morale and strength of the Red
Army it would also force the Communists
to open battle rather than guerrilla
tactics my summer 1934 the Communists
were utterly defeated they managed to
create a gap in the encirclement
at the cost of many more thousands of
casualties and started a massive retreat
of several thousands of kilometers LEDs
bomb out at dawn
this movement that were lost over a year
and see over 90% of its members die
along the way was the long march about
36,000 soldiers were on the run the
National Revolutionary Army did not
bother pursuing the mass rat preferring
to eliminate the remaining pockets of
communists elsewhere the few shattered
armies that survived the assaults
independently joined the long march to
northern China by 1935 the Kuomintang
had restored Chinese integrity in the
south of China the Communists gradually
reorganized in the north creating a
second Red Army Chiang however started
to be heavily criticized for his
spineless failure to adopt a strong
policy towards the foreign powers which
had torn and ravaged the homeland as his
old ally who had mean pusses ji-yong who
had withdrawn from Manchuria when the
Japanese invaded in order to preserve
his troops also grew impatience in order
to end the civil war in China he
secretly met with Jo Enlai several times
to discuss the issue they agreed to stop
fighting against the orders of Chiang
kai-shek jong-il Yang and another
nationalist officer young for chunk
devised the plot to force Chun to handle
the Japanese problem on the 12th of
December 1936 they kidnapped him in
Xi'an where he had relocated to oversee
anti-communist operations for two weeks
he was held captive until he agreed to
stop his repression of the remnants of
the Communists and adopt a strong anti
Japanese policy instead he was in a
dangerous position as many nationalist
officers as well as communists like maro
or Georgia wanting him dead
on the other side however jiayang
Johanne lie and even Joseph Stalin
himself who understood the importance of
a common resistance for the time being
and the symbol that Chiang represented
for many people urged not to have him
executed the nationalist leader was
released on the condition that he would
change policies and cooperate the second
United Front was born and alongside new
slogans such as Chinese should not fight
Chinese peace whether the population had
returned Chang was nonetheless extremely
dissatisfied he put Jesse Liang on the
house
arrest and executed many officers Hooper
took the Sheehan incident
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with peace returns the Communists could
fully reorganize the Red Army was
officially incorporated into the
National Revolutionary Army as the 8th
route army a new 4th army the Chinese
Soviet republic was dissolved the
Japanese meanwhile kept sending soldiers
from their home islands to all areas
they controlled in China mainly Shandong
and Manchuria but also great parts of
the surroundings of Beijing on the 7th
of July 1937 they crossed the official
border next to Beijing for military
exercises one Japanese soldier private
Shimura went missing after realizing his
absence the Japanese accused the Chinese
of having kidnapped him when in reality
he had gone to a Chinese Bravo after
sending an ultimatum to the Chinese that
was refused the Japanese counting over
5,000 soldiers started to encircle the
historical capital city the Chinese
defense counting no more than about a
hundred men desperately opened fire in a
brittle yet reunited china the second
sino-japanese war had began the first
phase of the Chinese Civil War had ended
but it was clear that neither mods at
dawn nor chiang kai-shek were prepared
to share China was the Japanese would be
defeated thank you for watching the
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