so you have already seen in the previous
video that while answering feeling the
blanks reading and writing question you
have to be careful about vocabulary
because this is especially a test of
your vocabulary
in these question sets you are expected
to pick appropriate word for the given
context or in other words you have to
know the application of words that is
the reason why often you will find that
the options are quite similar and
meaning to each other
however sometimes you may need to think
grammatically as well because the first
rule is your answer should be
grammatically correct then only you
think about the vocabulary
unlike feeling the blanks questions here
the questions are mostly based in
vocabulary but sometimes you may need to
think about grammar as well especially
when you see that the given options are
grammatically different than in such
cases think grammatically before
thinking
logically or before thinking about
vocabulary
as we can see in the first option here
we have four options on
off as and but
now what we can see here is
on
and off
these two words are called
prepositions
we use them to connect
actions with nouns prepositions are
usually
used to connect actions that means verb
with
noun
they are called preposition because pre
means before position means location
they are used before the nouns
on the other hand the words like as and
but
these are
linking expressions or linking words or
conjunctions
now
you have to decide what are you trying
to do here in this question
before you pick
any option
because two options are prepositions and
two options are linking words
so there cannot be a gap where both
prepositions and linking words can be
possible as the answer
so in this case we can see that before
the gap we have one sentence and after
the gap we have another sentence or in
other words this gap is between two
sentences and what we know is
linking words are used to connect two
sentences so that means on and off both
are impossible as answers
so our option is either as or but
so which one is it
we have to know the meaning of these
words these linking expressions before
we make a choice
is means because
it's an informal expression
comparatively and it has same meaning is
because which means it is used to give
reasons but on the other hand means the
opposite
so you have to decide are you trying to
give the reason in the second sentence
or you are trying to
talk about something opposite the second
sentence says it subsumes the economic
debate to the broader social political
environmental and institutional context
of debt in developing countries
in this sentence until you know meaning
of subjune you will not be able to
understand the meaning of the sentence
and
pick the right word subju means include
so it includes
what this sentence is saying is it
includes the economic debate to the
broader and whatever
so basically we are trying to connect
one sentence with the reason which means
our answer is
is
this one
the second one date for development
exchanges history and new applications
is for a wide audience including
first thing if you look at the words
before ease you can see that all the
words
except
prepositions and linking expressions are
starting with capital later so debt
development exchanges history new
applications all of them are starting
with capital letter and what it means is
it's name of something it's a title
because when we are writing title of
books articles we start everywhere with
a capital letter except for prepositions
linking expressions or articles so this
is
a title
and
this
book or article or whatever it is it is
for a wide audience that means it's
targeting a wide audience so basically
the sense here is they are targeting
this article to a wide audience
which means i have to pick a word which
has same senses target and that is
intended and intended also matches with
for intended for
a wide audience so now it makes sense
the third one here is professor ross
bockley
comma
author and editor comma and then there
is a gap an international profile so
that means we are looking for a verb
here because action is missing so we are
looking for a verb so if we look at the
option here we actually have verbs which
indicate different tenses
we have have developed has developed has
developed and had developed out of them
has developed is impossible as the
answer and the reason for that is
the reason for that is
has
have and had
are only followed by
third form of the verb or
past participle form of the verb and
develop is in first form so that means
that one is gone
now you have have developed has
developed and had developed had
developed
is
past perfect tense
so in english we do not use past perfect
tense
alone that means in one sentence we
never use past perfect past perfect
tense is only used when we are talking
about two actions at the same time and
when we want to mention
one action happened before
the other so there are two actions in
the past and one action happened before
the other then we use
the action that happened before
is
written in past perfect that means
had and verb three and the other action
is written in
verb 2 that means simple past
so past perfect tense in english is only
used with simple past tense or in other
words when two actions are happening and
you want to specify that one action took
place before the other you use past
perfect tense and that is not the
context there that is not the condition
there another thing to note here is we
are actually talking about achievement
of professor ross buckley and for
achievement in english we use present
perfect tense so if we are talking about
achievement
then we use
prison perfectance
present perfectance
now that means the answer is either has
developed or have developed and what is
the difference
if the subject is singular then you will
pick has and if the subject is plural
then you leave pic have
so professor
ross barkley is this object here which
means what will you pick you'll pick has
because professor ross buckley is one
man one person so that means singular so
you go for has so the answer is has
developed so you can see in this
question you had to apply the
grammatical concepts to answer
then in the next one it says
improve development outcomes gap 8
now if you read the full sentence the
sense here is
this book is the outcome of an
australian research council discovery
grant to explore debt for development
mechanisms that relieve debt improvement
development outcome something add so
that means development outcome that is
coming from ad ed is the source
so that means from is the word that
makes sense
the last one here is are practically and
politically attractive to creditors and
to regional security
and
give to regional security contribute to
regional security supply to regional
security refused original security out
of them supply and reviews do not make
any sense
the only two words left are give and
contribute
given contribute both have same sense to
pass something to the other person to
other things to other entities but the
difference is give is
an informal expression
and contribute on the other hand is
formal
if you can recall five tips that i gave
you in tips and tricks section then
perhaps you can remember that
if we are presented with formal and
informal option we should go with the
formal option in our exam so the answer
is contribute and contribute also
matches with two so to wrap up the
discussion here always make sure that
your answers are grammatically correct
first although in filling the blanks
reading and writing grammar is not the
focus but still your options should be
grammatically correct
so if you find that there are options
which have different grammatical forms
then think about grammar before you
think logically once you have thought
about grammar then look at the option
that makes most sense that means the
word which is appropriate for the given
gap
while doing this there are two things
that we have discussed here first is if
there are prepositions after the gap
make sure that the option you are
selecting matches with that preposition
and the second thing we have discussed
is if
you think that there are two possible
options but one of them is more formal
then go for the formal option
in the next video we'll explore a few
more concepts regarding fill in the
blanks reading and writing