哈囉，大家好！ 哈啰，大家好！
I’m Grace.
In Chinese, we have a lot of phrases consisting of a verb and a complement,
like “想出 to come up with”、”跟上 to keep up with" and “做到 to do (and achieve)”,
you can see that other than a main verb,
there is an extra word attached to the verb,
these are complements.
These complements give you more information about the words,
for instance, 做 is “to do” and 做到 is “to do (and achieve)”.
Just like in English, there are phrasal verbs like “to check out” or “to mix up”
where you also have these small words attached to the main verbs
to help express a more specific meaning.
Today, we’re going to learn 10 commonly used Chinese phrases
with the complements “下” and “開”.
Now let’s get started!
Before we dive into today’s lesson,
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The first group of verbs we’re going to learn is
the ones that have “下” as its complement.
“下” indicates a movement from a higher to a lower place.
Just like the English word “down”.
For example, 坐下 means “to sit down”,
蹲下 “to crouch down”.
However, when 下 is attached to different verbs,
it could express different meanings.
Here are some commonly used ones：
The first one is 脫下,
“脫” by itself already means “to take off (sth.)”,
but adding 下 emphasizes the completion of moving something down or away.
It’s usually used to talk about taking off clothes, accessories, masks, etc.
For example, you can say 脫下帽子 to take off a hat,
脫下外套 to take off a jacket
Here the nurse said “脫下口罩” which means “take off a face mask”.
The next one is 放下, 放下 has more than one meaning.
It can mean “to put down” so here “放” is “to put” and “下” is “down”
for example,
放下 can also mean “to put behind, to let go (of the past, feelings, etc.)”.
When you care about someone or something so much,
it’s like you’re holding them,
but if you “放下” put them down,
you remove them from yourself, you let them go.
So “放下” can also be used to express
“to put behind, to let go (of the past, a feeling)”.
For example,
The next one is “收下”
Let’s take a look at the picture of 下 again,
when you’re here (on the top),
things are moving down and away from you,
but if you’re here (on the bottom).
You’re actually receiving and taking something.
So usually when 下 is used with verbs that involve the meaning of receiving,
it’s used to emphasize the completion of taking and receiving.
For instance, “接下工作 to take on the job”,
“扛下責任 to take on the responsibility”,
“收下禮物 to take the gift”.
So 收下 means “to receive (and accept)”,
for example,
So when 下 is used as a complement,
it has many different meanings.
When learning it, it’s better to remember the whole phrase and their meanings.
Next, we’re going to learn some common phrases with the complement “開”
The original meaning of 開 is of doors changing from closed to open.
When it’s used as a complement, it adds some additional meaning.
For example,
“走開 to go away”, “走” is “to go, to walk”,
and “開” here indicates “to be out of the way”,
that is to remove from a pathway or location.
When doors are closed, it’s blocking your way out, right?
When doors are open, they’re out of the way.
So “走開” means “to go away”, for example,
If you’re angry and want someone to go away,
you can use the phrase “滾開”,
its literal meaning is “to roll away”.
It’s very rude to tell someone to “roll away”,
so it’s only used when you’re very mad.
Sometimes, people would just say “滾” or “你滾”
to express the same meaning.
The next one is “看開”.
This one doesn’t really have an English equivalent,
but it can roughly be translated into
“to understand and accept (an unpleasant situation)”
看 means “to see, to look” and
開 here expresses that since you start to look at things differently,
you become enlightened and more accepting of the situation.
For example,
看開 is also often used to remind someone to not overthink or
be upset about something that may not be within their control.
Here the person says “看開一點”
to encourage the other person to accept reality and move on.
看開 is similar to 想開, here 看 indicates the way you look at things,
and 想 expresses the way you think,
so they convey similar meanings.
想開 also expresses that “to understand and accept (an unpleasant situation)”.
For example,
The final two phrases for today are 說開 and 講開
They express the meaning of “to talk it out”
Both 說 and 講 mean “to speak, to talk”,
and 開 here conveys the state of opening your heart.
These phrases are usually used when
there's a misunderstanding between two people,
and they decide to talk it out, to express their true thoughts
so they can solve the problem between them.
For example,
Another example,
Alright, that’s all for today!
If you want to learn more “verb+complement” phrases,
I have some more videos on this topic,
you can check them out through the link in the description below.
那如果你喜歡今天的影片， 那如果你喜欢今天的影片，
別忘記按讚、訂閱和分享哦！ 别忘记按赞、订阅和分享哦！
Also, if you’d like to learn some daily Mandarin expressions,
check out my Instagram @gracemandarin
那我們下次見囉！拜拜！ 那我们下次见啰！拜拜！ I’ll see you next time! Bye!