(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE)
And the Oscar goes to...
Cale Matthews for Behind The News.
(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE)
Me?! Oh, you're kidding me!
Wow. Thank you.
Thank you. (LAUGHS)
Aww, Timothy. Thank you.
Taika, I'm so glad you made it.
Oh, Gaga, I'm sorry.
Maybe next time.
Winning an award can be pretty special.
All your hard work recognised
in front of your friends, family
and imaginary celebrity pals.
I'd like to think Meryl Streep.
There she is. M-dawg!
So imagine what it would be like winning an award
for making the world a better place.
I'm talking about the Nobel Prizes.
Each year they're given to people or organisations
who have made the greatest benefit to humankind
in the categories of:
The awards are the biggest of big deals
and have been around since 1901,
where it all started with a bang...
..literally!
Back in the 1800s there was a Swedish businessman,
engineer and inventor called Alfred Nobel.
His most famous invention was dynamite,
a moveable and storable explosive.
It was pretty handy for mining
or clearing land for roads and railways,
and it made Alfred a very rich man,
but it was also a deadly weapon in war.
When Alfred's brother Ludvig died,
some newspapers got mixed up and said Alfred was dead instead.
Well, that can't be right.
They called him the "merchant of death,"
and said he got rich
from killing people.
Alfred probably wasn't too happy with this description.
Well, I'm not happy with that description.
And some reckon that's partly why he wrote into his final will
that some of his $400 million fortune
would go to setting up a series of annual prizes
given to people who made the world a better place.
I think that will be lovely.
Each year, the prizes are decided by a panel in Norway.
They're sent hundreds of nominations every year
from experts in the fields of chemistry, physics, physiology
or medicine and literature,
while the Peace Prize has to be nominated by a government,
university professor, international court
or someone who's won a Nobel Prize before.
The winners take home a shiny gold medal,
a diploma from the king of Sweden
and a hefty cash prize,
which this year is...
You guys probably recognise a few of the past winners.
There's Albert Einstein, who won for physics,
Marie Curie, who was the first female,
Ernest Hemingway, the famous author,
Mother Teresa, Bob Dylan, Barack Obama.
The list goes on.
So who won this year?
Well, we'll start with medicine, which was awarded to these two guys.
They discovered the nerves in our body
associated with sensing things like touch and heat,
which they say could help people with chronic pain.
The prize in literature went to Abdulrazak Gurnah
for his books about life as a refugee,
while the physics prize went to Syukuro Manabe,
Klaus Hasselmann
and Giorgio Parisi.
They helped develop computer models of the Earth's climate,
which can predict the impact of global warming.
This year's Peace Prize went to journalist Maria Ressa
and Dmitry Muratov for their work protecting free speech.
And lastly, the chemistry prize
went to Benjamin List
and David MacMillan.
I would say I'm dazed and confused.
I would say it's just incredibly exciting.
They developed a new way of building molecules
that can be used to make new drugs and medicines
and do it in a more environmentally friendly way.
And if you are still wondering how much of a big deal winning
a Nobel Prize really is,
well, check out the reception Dr List received
when he returned to his lab.
Wow!
Thanks for making the world a better place.