Welcome to Space News from the Electric Universe
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Since early 20th century, telescopes have enabled human beings
to discover the unimaginable vastness of the physical universe.
Space is indeed a big place, it in the world of astronomy it seems that
celestial objects frequently suffer the same fate as automobiles in busy traffic.
From positively charged particles from the Sun
colliding with gas particles in Earth's atmosphere and creating Earth's auroras
or impacting bodies producing the pervasive craters we see on planets and moons
and even black holes colliding introducing so-called ripples in space time.
In the published astronomical materials the concept of collisions
and resulting explosions, shock waves and other effects
is used to try to explain an amazing variety of phenomena at every scale.
However, with advancements in technology come increasingly find data
and every year kinetic and mechanical models
seem increasingly inappropriate in the light of new discoveries.
Let us begin by examining the Earth Sun relationship
and the overwhelming evidence of the two bodies electromagnetic connection.
In 2014 scientists in the UK made to completely unexpected discovery
that intense solar winds lead to prolonged increase lightning on Earth.
According to an article on the Institute of Physics website,
the team "found a substantial and significant increase in lightning rates
across Europe for up to 40 days after the arrival of high-speed solar winds."
"Although the exact mechanism that causes these changes remains unknown,
the researchers propose that the electrical properties of the air are somehow altered
as the incoming charged particles from the solar wind collide with the atmosphere."
However, in many Space News episodes we've discuss the inadequacy
of standard meteorology to explain lightning on Earth and other planets.
Since the early 21st century, scientists exploring the mystery of
intense lightning above thunderstorms reaching toward the ionosphere,
called sprites, have discovered that the electric charge that produced the sprites
and the thunderstorms lightning is already present.
These discoveries are consistent with the Electric Universe theory,
which states that the energy from lightning storms comes
from the same electrical circuitry that powers the sun.
The same electrical relationship is demonstrated
in the lightning storms on other planets,
including Venus, which has no water clouds, into the great surprise of scientists
has extremely powerful lightning storms known as super-bolts.
As we turn our attention to the pervasive craters
on rocky bodies throughout the solar system
it is lightning that provides a clue to many mysteries of crater formation.
We are told that the pervasive cratering seen on rocky bodies throughout the solar system
is a result of endless collisions with meteoroids over billions of years,
but the notion that crater counting can resolve the age of any planetary body
has not withstood scientific discovery.
Some bodies in the solar system are so heavily cratered
that a special "late heavy bombardment"
had to be included in the speculative history of the solar system.
Astronomers are not sure where the "bombarding objects" came from,
or why the bombardment should have been delayed
until planets and moons had solid surfaces.
But most telling is the fact that the detailed features of so-called impact craters
do not match attempts to mimic them either in the lab or in powerful explosions.
Cratered bodies in the solar system are not the result
of periodic impacts over countless eons of time,
but were created by electrical discharges in an epoch of planetary instability
or they were electrically produced either in their birth
or their electromagnetic capture.
We have repeatedly noted in these episodes the unique cratering forms
produced in laboratory experiments with electrical discharges
including crater chains and parallel networks of crater chains,
weird hexagonal craters,
domed craters such as those seen on the planet Mars.
Unusually high numbers of circular craters,
so-called bulls-eye craters found in the center of larger craters.
The electrical theory of cratering and planetary scarring
may also account for a growing astronomical mystery
and that is the double lobes form some comets, asteroids and moons.
Scientists working with Rosetta mission to comet 67 P have hypothesized that
"low-velocity collision" between two comets in the early solar system
created the comets rubber ducks shape.
But just how slow must a collision of two supposedly porous fluffy bodies be
to prevent mutual fragmentation?
And how did the collision form a neck between the two lobs?
And what were the chances of two tiny bodies of a few kilometers cross-section
colliding in an unimaginably vast volumes space in the outer solar system?
It is the Electric Universe theory that comets, meteorites, asteroids and some moons
were electrically excavated from planetary surfaces,
which could explain their occasional double lobed appearance.
We've repeatedly shown in Space News episodes the experiments of Dr. C. J. Ransom
was able to produce the familiar double lobed form
by blasting hematite with an electric arc.
Collisions of Comets has also been evoked to try to explain a mystery
around a perplexing star system called 49 CETI in the constellation Cetus.
Astronomers have estimated the star age at 40 million years
and stars at that age are not expected to be enveloped in large clouds of gas,
since the gas in the disk surrounding stars
should have dissipated many millions of years ago.
The investigators explanation for this cloud of carbon monoxide is that
for about 10 million years
an average of one cometary collision has been occurring every 6 seconds.
Investigator, Professor Benjamin Zuckerman, explained of this hypothesis
"Hundreds of trillions of comets orbit around 49 CETI
and one other star whose ages about 30 million years.
Imagine so many trillions of comets, each the size of the UCLA campus
- approximately 1 mile in diameter -
orbiting around 49 CETI and bashing into one another."
"These young comets likely contain more carbon monoxide
than typical comets in our solar system.
When they collided, the carbon monoxide escapes as a gas.
I was absolutely amazed when we calculated these rapid rate.
I would not have dreamt it in a million years."
This hypothesis requires many layers of assumptions
and extraordinary coincidences in special conditions that stretch credulity.
Investigators begin with the conviction
that it's possible to determine the age of a star by its chemical composition.
However, in earlier Space News episodes,
we've discussed several discoveries of so-called impossible stars
whose composition and brightness are incompatible
with the standard theory of star formation.
Further, even if the stars orbited by trillions of comets for some reason,
what are the odds of collisions occurring every 6 seconds for 10 million years,
when one considers the unfathomably huge space the hypothetical comets would inhabit.
In the Electric Universe theory, as developed by physicist Wal Thornhill,
it's not possible to assess the age of a star by its composition or any other means.
The surprising cloud of carbon monoxide is a result of the star
recently electrically discharging the material.
At a greater cosmic scale, high-energy x-rays and gamma rays are sometimes
attributed to collisions and explosions resulting in the heating of gas particles.
Consider the Astronomy Picture of the Day
discussing this image near the center of the Milky Way,
it states: "What causes this unusual structure near the center of our galaxy?
The long parallel rays slanting across the top of the above radio image
are known collectively as the Galactic Center Radio Arc
and jut straight out from the Galactic plane.
The Radio Arc is connected to the galactic center
by strange curving filaments known as the Arches."
"The bright radio structure at the bottom right likely surrounds a black hole
at the Galactic center and is known as Sagittarius A.
One origin hypothesis holds that the Radio Arc and the Arches have their geometry
because they contain hot plasma flowing along lines of constant magnetic field."
Recent images from the Chandra X-ray Observatory
appear to show this plasma colliding with a nearby cloud of cold gas."
However, Plasma Cosmology recognizes the dynamical behaviour
of electric currents flowing through conductive plasma.
What standard astronomy described as "long parallel rays"
plasma physicists recognized as spiraling pairs
of magnetic field aligned Birkeland currents
The so-called strange curving filaments are Birkeland currents
feeding electrical power into the galactic center.
In plasma cosmology, it is not a black hole, but a plasmoid
as demonstrated in many decades of laboratory experiments
that is responsible for the stupendous concentration of energy
and, therefore, mass in the centers of galaxies.
X-rays in deep space are generated not by the heat of collisions,
but by electrical discharges.
At every scale throughout the universe,
astronomers continued reliance on improbable collisions
continues to underscore the need for a broader education
and a greater understanding of electrical phenomena.
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