On completion of this chapter you will have an understanding of who issues a
voyage order the consequences of a voyage order for navigational procedures
for safe navigation and restrictions applicable for crude oil tankers the
standard routine checks of the vessels condition the physical reaction of crude
oil during a sea passage the standard routines for control of the cargo the
special procedures required in order to maintain the quality of certain grades
of crude oil
who issues the void order The Voyage order is normally received from the
owner or charterer prior to arriving at the loading port in
order to ensure a sufficient quantity of banca oil for the later voyage
what are the consequences of order for a loaded vessel when the
discharge port is not known if the discharge port is not known prior to
departure from the loading port the consequence may be extra quantity of
Bunker oil in stock which may reduce the cargo intake or the vessel may have to
call as a port for punkers during the voyage
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what must the navigating officers aware of and what basic navigational
procedures and restrictions must they follow as navigating officers the junior
officers must bear in mind the dramatic consequences of a collision or grounding
with a laden crude-oil carrier they must be particularly aware of the vulnerable
state of their vessel because of its large size and relatively less engine
power and maneuverability and ensure they navigate at a control speed and
well away from other traffic and coastal hazards they must at all times be
updated on the latest navigational information and warnings and check if
there are special restrictions with regard to how close to shoreline a crude
oil tanker is permitted to navigate
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what other vessel maintenance routine touble for the loaded voyage the vessels
integrity and structural condition needs to be monitored a system for regular
checks of the atmosphere in empty spaces like coffer dams and ballast tanks as
well as checking for water ingress or leakages of any kind shall be in place
and the result is to be recorded in the deck logbook the Layton voyage is also
the time for internal inspection of malleus tanks and will require full
attention with regard to safety in connection with entering enclosed spaces
ballast tanks are required to be internally inspected annually and a tank
inspection record should be implemented in the vessels PMS
know the physical reaction of the cargo
what is the hazard connected with not May
the temperature with certain grades of crude oil some waxy grades of crude oil
may require heating during the Laden voyage this is a demanding task where
the pump man will be heavily involved in frequent temperature measurements and
adjusting for heating some charterers require regular information on the cargo
temperature and water water cut content during the Leighton voyage if the
temperature is not maintained there is a hazard that the wax and heavier
components will separate out of their suspension in the crude oil and be
difficult to pump out later without leaving large residues in the tank
bottom
what are the daily routines for control of all normal grades of crude oil cargo
in a laden tanker for most crude oil grades there is very little physical
reaction or changed during the Leighton voyage because of a limited space
between the liquid surface and the deck the day and night temperature will cause
variation in vapor pressure this variation will be larger if the liquid
surface is low as in partly filled tanks and the vapor space is bigger VOC
venting may be required by midday and a low tank pressure with the risk of air
ingress may occur at night requiring a topping up within that gas the pressure
is monitored by the duty officer on the bridge any venting of box or topping up
with inert gas must comply with the VOC management plan for the vessel as
Records should be maintained
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