Hello students. Today's topic on the English Danny channel: is expand your
vocabulary with affixes as I'm going to show you different ways that English
words are built and by the end you'll be able to understand some words before
you've even seen them welcome back to the English Danni channel before I begin
the lesson please subscribe to our channel and like and share this video
since it helps our channel a lot thank you now today's lesson is for more
intermediate and advanced English learners once you really start to learn
English words you will notice that there are certain meaningful groups of letters
that appear over and over again you will definitely encounter them if you study
English for specific purposes like business medicine computing or science
these groups of letters that appear over and over are called affixes this means
letters that are added to or add fixed to certain English words in another
video which you can see there I introduced prefixes which are groups of
letters that are added to the beginnings of words in today's video I'll talk a
little bit more about prefixes and their brothers suffixes an example of a prefix
is the letters P ar e pre this group of letters isn't a word by itself but it
does have a meaning and that meaning is before in front of or earlier a prefix
is a group of letters that is fixed or placed in front of a word to change its
meaning the brother of the prefix is the suffix the beginning of that word suffix
comes from another prefix sub SUV which means under or next in order so a sub
fix is a group of letters that is fixed or placed after a word later in order to
change its meaning or sometimes even to change the word into a different kind of
word entirely sub fix is hard to pronounce
so in English we've always just said suffix instead an example of a suffix is
the letters ly ly if you've studied English adverbs before you know that ly
are letters that we add to adjectives which come before nouns to turn those
into adverbs which modify verbs so for example quick it's an adjective he's
quick but quickly is an adverb he ran quickly quick quickly that's how a
suffix works together prefixes and suffixes are grouped together as FX's
meaning any letters added to a word before or after which changed the
meaning of the word let's look at a few more examples to see some different ways
FX's can work in our other video again which you can see here I introduce three
prefixes I N in meaning not TR I tri meaning three of something and s-u-v sub
which means under or next in order well here's a couple more X DX as a prefix
this means out of from or former so an ex-president or an ex-wife that's a
former president a former wife and to extract something means to pull or drag
something out of something else the word tractus that means pull that's where we
get the word tractor from so if you see a vanilla extract that means it's a
liquid that was pulled out of vanilla re ar e as a prefix
means again so to repeat something means to say it again to return somewhere
means to turn or go back to it again to rename something means to name it again
to give it another name let's look at some words you might not have seen
before can you guess the meaning
substandard this means below standard which means below average or below
normal in quality a substandard house is a poor house you don't want to live
there reimagine this means to imagine or think about again when people are stuck
in something and can't find a way out they can try to reimagine their
situation think about it again in a different way to see if they can find a
way out you can also reimagine yourself think again in a new way about who you
are extend this means to push out or away from I extend my hand to you in
friendship we want to extend the life of our car that means we want to push out
the lifetime of our car from four years of use to maybe ten years of use
indecisive you know it means not something decisive means making a choice
someone who is indecisive is not making a choice if you're indecisive you're
unable to choose either an option or a course of action so for example a good
leader should not be indecisive let's try one more infamous does it mean
not famous hmm no in this case actually the not meaning it doesn't appear
because you original meaning of Fame was being
celebrated being well-known for something good so in for me infamous
means the opposite of that not being unknown but being known for
being bad so infamous means well-known as something bad or someone bad an
infamous act is an act that everyone knows about and hates you don't want to
be infamous there are many more prefixes in English check out the description
below for a document showing you different prefixes and example words
that can help expand your vocabulary note I recommend this for intermediate
and advanced students of English beginners might want to focus on basic
vocabulary first now what about suffixes these are words
that are a little different in English because we use these not just to change
meanings but to change words more radically that means more significantly
we already looked at ly which can turn adjectives to adverb bad to badly for
example but we can also change items into nouns by adding an ESS Mis which
means a state or quality kind he's a kind man kindness you should treat your
friends with kindness shy my daughter is very shy shyness I worked hard to
overcome my shyness you could use this suffix to think about the original
meaning of a word for example where did business come from that's right
being busy having a lot to do plus the suffix ne SS which means a state of
always having a lot to do does that make sense if your business isn't busy it
won't be a business for very long here's a suffix that can turn a verb into a
noun M ent meant
this means an action or a result so to ship something that's a verb it means to
send it somewhere but a shipment is a result of being shipped something that
was shipped to place something means to set it somewhere so a placement is an
area where things have been set for a reason so at a formal dinner table there
will be a placement for plates and for glasses and for silverware what activity
does management engage in that's right they manage people so they have to be in
charge let's look at an example of a suffix from science in English we have a
lot of suffixes for sciences and medicine o l o gy ology has the meaning
of a study of something or the science of something biology is the study of
life bio bios means life psychology is the study of the mind psyche means the
human mind what does microbiology do well micro
means small bio means life ology is study of so it's the study of very small
life that means things like bacteria viruses and so on you need a microscope
to study micro biology an a medical suffix example is AI T is itis that
means an inflammation which means part of your body becomes swollen and hot and
usually painful so sinusitis that's inflammation of their sinuses so right
here in your nose you have sinuses and they can become inflamed bronchitis is
inflammation in your lungs so in your lungs that bronchial tubes
that bring in oxygen when these get swollen and painful
you have bronchitis here's one last suffix that is very common a ble able it
works just like the word able and it means able to be this is one suffix
which we can use to turn a verb into an adjective so here's an example to
comfort means to provide relief and freedom from pain so comfortable that
means something that's relieving or relaxing a comfortable chair a
comfortable place to prevent something means to keep it from happening so a
preventable thing is something that we can prevent from happening a preventable
illness a preventable problem okay now let's put both the prefixes and the
suffixes together let's look at a word inaudible okay we can figure out what
this means Audio means sound it literally means to
hear so audible means able to hear but in a n means not so in audible means
that's right not able to hear and inaudible cry is a cry that we can't
hear you can find a worksheet with more examples of suffixes and prefixes in the
description below once you start learning about prefixes and suffixes
you'll start seeing them everywhere that's all the time we have for today
don't forget to subscribe to our channel like and share this video if you found
it helpful and we'll see you next time bye bye