Ahlan! Right now we're going to continue talking about how to negate conjugated
verbs in Arabic, and in this video we're going to focus on how to do so in a
couple of colloquial dialects, Egyptian and Levantine. Once again this video
assumes that you are comfortable conjugating verbs in the past and
present tense. If you feel you'd like some review, then
we have a couple of other videos that address conjugation in the past and
present tense. In Levantine, we're going to negate verbs using the particle ما
for past and present and future tense. And in Egyptian we're going to use a
combination of ما and ش. 'maa' plus a 'shh' at the end, and we're gonna kind of
sandwich that verb in between. Now I'd like to point out that while we're only
addressing Levantine and Egyptian Arabic specifically, the majority of Arab
dialects that you're going to encounter, wherever you might be traveling, or
studying, or working, negate their verbs using some variation on this. Either this
exact pattern, or something very very similar, so this is information that is
very transferable. Let's try a few examples, just to get the idea. For
example, if we want to... let's start with affirmative sentences. So if we say in
Levantine 'they work in a bank.'
بيشتغلوا ببنك.
Right, and let's put the same sentence in مصري right
underneath it it's nearly identical right, we only have a difference in the
preposition.
Right, two sentences, nearly identical. We're going to negate them a little bit
differently though, depending on our dialect. In شامي, in Levantine, in
order to negate that sentence, we would simply need to add a ما the beginning
ما بيشتغلوا ببنك They don't work at the bank, they work someplace else, we
don't know where. in مصري, what we would need to do is say ما بيشتغلوش
في بنك, right, we would add that 'shiin' to the end, perhaps we would get rid of
that 'alif.' Again, there's no standard orthography for dialect, so if you're
reading dialect in some context or other, on the internet for example, or in
an ad, you might expect some slight variation. Another example: 'we drink tea.'
Why not?
بنشرب الشاي. Same thing in ?Egyptian and in Levantine, right
So in Levantine, all I would need to do is say ما بنشرب الشاي, 'we
don't drink tea,' and in مصري once again, I would need to sandwich this
conjugated verb in between a ما and a ش.
ما بنشربش الشاي.
Notice that we're not putting that 'shiin' all the way at the end of the sentence,
were just sandwiching that verb that were negating in between the ما and the
'shiin. In the past tense, it's the same thing, so let's just take one example: if
we want to say 'he studied literature.'
درس الأدب.
Right? In Shammi we add that ما:
ما درس الأدب.
'He didn't study literature.' and in مصري, we would tack that 'shiin' on to the end.
ما درسش الأدب. And we need to hear that 'siin' clearly so we can understand what
verb we're talking about: درس, to study and we need to hear the 'shiin,' so
you might want to practice that. It can it can be a little bit of a tongue
twister if you're not used to it. ما درسش الأدب I want to focus a little
bit on how to negate 'to want' in Arabic. You might remember is that we have a
separate video on how to talk about 'wanting' and expressing the verbal idea
of wanting in Arabic, and in formal Arabic we have a conjugated verb, أراد
يريد to express the idea of wanting, but in many dialects, we have a slightly
different word, and Egyptian and Levantine are no exceptions. So you might
remember that in Egyptian, we have an اسم فاعل, right an active participle.
عايز or sometimes عاوز and then to to refer to a specific person we might
need to add a feminine ending right, هي عايزة or as a plural هم عايزين whereas
in شامي we have the prefix بدّ to which we attach something that really
resembles the possessive suffixes that we know. So if I wanted to say 'I want,' I
would say بدّي, and if I wanted to say she wants I would need to say بدّها, etc.
So we negate these in slightly different ways. In شامي
If let's say, I want to say 'I want to go to the movies,' I could say
بدّي أروح عَ السينما.
'I want to go to the movies.' And if I want to negate that idea,
negative the wanting, the بدّي of it, then I can just use ما.
ما بدّي... ما بدّي أروح عَ السينما.
Or هي ما بدّها تروح عَ السينما
right, but to negate this wanting,
and we only need to negate that first verb, right, I don't need to negate
the 'going,' either, right, 'I don't want to go,' just like in English, we don't need to
negate every single verb in a string of verbs in a sentence. Now in مصري, we
need to do things a little bit differently because عايز عايزة عايزين
is an active participle, right? That اسم فاعل, so we're going to negate it
as though it is a noun. 'Someone or something is not a wanter of...' whatever. So
if we take the same sentence in مصري, I want to go to the movies we could
say أنا عايزأروح السينما.
Now we need to use the particle
مش, which you'll recognize as this 'maa' and 'shiin' smooshed together right? So we're
going to plunk it right in front of عايز
أنا مش عايز أروح السينما. هي مش عايزة تروح السينما.
Right, 'she doesn't want to go to the cinema.' So we don't sandwich the عايز the same way
we do with a conjugated verb, because it isn't technically a conjugated verb.
These wanting particles in Shaami, in
Levantine, have slightly different rules. So we can't apply verb conjugation
exactly, even though they have a verbal meaning, especially in English, right, we think of
them as verbs. In Arabic they're not quite, they're sort of their own thing.
One last thing: if we want to negate the future in Arabic, we do have a little bit
of variation. If you've studied the other video that we have on the future tense,
you'll know that we have very simple particles for indicating the future, that
we tack on to a conjugated verb, right before it In Shaami,
we're usually going to add a رح right on to the beginning of that verb, and in Masri,
we're going to add... got to keep my colors straight, and in Masri, in Egyptian, we're
more likely to add a حَـ, right? So if we want to indicate, for example, that we
will definitely go to the movies, 'I will go to the movies,' in Shaami,
I can reuse my sentence here and add
رح, but if I want to negate that then I can just use ما رح أروح
right, so I have the ما that's negating the future and the verb. ما رح أروح عَ السينما.
'I will not go, I am not going to go to the cinema.'
In Masri, we're going to do something slightly different, right, we have our
حَـ, I will go, and I'm going to put a مش, right again that 'maa-shiin' unites
together, and I could say مش حَاروح السينما. 'I'm not going to go to the movies.' 101 00:10:31,600 --> 00:00:00,000 So that is how we would negate the future in Shaami and in Masri.