In general in Turkish, when you want to take a
Monosyllabic verb and put it in the aorist tense, so a verb whose stem has only one syllable
you want to put it in the aorist tense, the geniş zaman, the broad tense, you add its
aorist tense suffix
according to the rules of two-way vowel harmony.
But for this
set of exceptions, which we're going to go over in just a moment
you're going to follow a different rule.
You're going to follow the rules of four-way vowel harmony. Just like you did for
polysyllabic
verb stems ending in a consonant, so all those verb stems that have more than one syllable and end in a consonant
they all receive one of these set of four endings in the aorist tense. These
monosyllabic verb stems ending in a consonant
will do exactly the same.
Let's see how this works. It's actually very simple
All right first up is "almak": to take
We'll start with a verb stem, "al"
And we'll simply add the appropriate
form of the aorist suffix according to the rules four-way vowel harmony
Okay, four-way vowel harmony for this set of monosyllabic verbs ending in a consonant.
So "alır-"
I'm going to show the aorist in the first person singular for these examples
So, "I take," habitually, or "I will take": alırırm. Ben alırırm.
Let's look the next one, "bilmek": to know
"Bil-" is our verb stem. Follow the rules of four-way vowel harmony, "bilir-"
Belirim
Next, "bulmak"
bulur-
"Bulurum": I find or I will find
"Durmak": to stop
dur- (verb stem)
-ur...-um
Simply adding the aorist tense personal suffixes
just like we would for any verb in the aorist tense, okay..
"Gelmek": to come
Gel-
-ir
and finally the personal suffix: "-im"
I come or I will come
"Görmek": to see
Gör-ür-üm
"Görürüm": I see habitually, I will see. The whole range of geniş zaman meanings
"Kalmak": to stay
Kal-ır-ım
kalırım
"Olmak": to become or to become
Olurum, ol-ur-um
"Ölmek" : to die
ölürüm
"Sanmak": to think
sanırım
You'll hear that if you haven't heard it already it means "I suppose, I think" it's used quite a lot
"Varmak": to arrive
var-ır-ım
"Vermek": to give
ver-ir-im
And finally, "vurmak": to hit
vur-ur-um
And there are your exceptions and as you can see for exceptions they follow the rules quite tightly.