Hi again it's Jason from Fraser valley rose farm I assume you're here because you want
to learn about propagating roses and it's kind of what I do I propagate thousands of
roses a year but if you're new to me I may want to start at the very basic level of learning
the propagation methods and so for this video I'm starting with all of the different methods
that you can use to propagate roses there are 6 of them that are commonly used and I
want to give you an overview of them now for the this video starting with modest schools
I don't want to teach you the whole methods because that would take an awfully long time
and also for some people so I'm just gonna go with the overview level describe the advantages
disadvantages the time lines and the the basics of the method see you understand it and then
you can choose the method that is most suitable for you and where appropriate I will link
videos that I have on those other methods up above or in the comments below the video
or in the description of the video so that you can choose and click through now happily
for me the first 3 methods are all called cutting methods this is a stem of rose and
a cutting method just means that you're taking a section of that stem off.
Stripping some leaves sticking it.
And trying to get it to root on its own now even though all 3 methods are stem cutting
methods each one of them is slightly different just based on the stage of growth that you're
targeting for for the cutting there's softwood there's semi semi hardwood and hardwood cuttings
and each of them have a different method and a different timeline let's look at soft would
first have a look at these stems here and this is what I mean by softwood or softwood
tip cuttings you can see how easily this bins in my hand now these are the fastest growing
and softest intend rest part of the rose which gives you a very quick success or a very quick
failure if you use it as a cutting you need to control your temperature light and humidity
very carefully and even so I've had a high rate of failure with softwood tips I find
it to be quite variable some of the faster growing floor bundles and miniatures will
do fairly well from this method but for most methods I find that this the failure rate
is higher than average however it is probably the fastest method and you can use it for
a number of tips because you have lots and lots of tips to take it from so if you want
a good quick experiment and try your skills at this that's the first method.
The second method of cuttings is the one I use the most it's called the semi ripe or
semi hardwood method of cuttings and typically if you're looking at a rose you'll find that
the material on the stem just behind a developing open or spent flower will likely be in the
semi hardwood stage so if I cut down here what I can tell about the stem without poking
myself too badly is that it's got some firmness to it it isn't the staff it doesn't feel like
it's going to break but it just bans but not quite so gently quite so easily as that softwood
as the softwood tips did I'm going to give it a cut rate here and strip off some extremely
ifs and give me an idea that this is what a semi hardwood cuttings kinda looks like
what it will say about the semi hardwood method is that it is much less difficult than the
softwood method you don't have to have as precise control of your temperature humidity
and light and it tends to be more tolerant of those conditions you can still do it in
large numbers because there's plenty of stems on roses that have this material on it and
the cutting method is relatively easy both methods both the soft with a semi hardwood
will benefit from the addition of rooting hormone if you choose to use it it will speed
things up it'll improve your success rate on softwood cuttings it should be point one
percent or around there and for semi hardwood cuttings around point 3 or point 4 percent
IBA which is the active ingredient in most rooting hormone formulations I'll include
some footage here of how I stick these I stick them in potting soil and under Mister or under
humidity domes and you should also say that's exactly the same method that I use for the
softwood cuttings however the softwood cuttings are just a little more prone to failure variability.
Well the first 2 methods softwood and semi hardwood are fairly similar in the way that
you do them just differing a little bit in time line temperature and humidity the hard
wood cuttings are actually done in a completely different kind time of year hardwood cuttings
are usually reserved for the fall and winter because they're very slow and he tried to
do them during the summer it might be a little bit prone to drying out in the landscape when
you have high heat from the summer so if you put them into the ground in the fall you have
better chances of them so this is method 3 hardwood cuttings you can see the stems I'm
choosing for it are no longer pliable at all they don't really band if I were to give this
a decent amount of pressure I would probably just snap it the other thing I'll say about
it is it isn't a small cutting typically people will take a larger cutting you can get the
heel of the stamp that's even better.
And a cutting like this.
That might be sort of the width and length of a pencil or a little bit longer sometimes
even go up to an 8 or 10 inch cutting on these and that is your hardwood cutting right there
now like I say you don't take this during the active season you put it out into a shady
or semi damp portion of the garden and you let it live there over the winter it will
also benefit from the application of rooting hormone in this case you would use a higher
concentration of IBA up to about point 7.8 or even 1.0 percent of IBA in the routing
power will help this to route a little bit quicker although the whole process isn't very
quick to begin with so pros and cons of this you're not putting it under humidity domes
you're not putting it under master doesn't require your direct attention much at all
you're putting it in the ground and you're forgetting about it it's it's a stick it and
forget it and you come back later typically your success rate on hardwood cuttings you
be happy with around 50 percent that would be actually fairly good ray found a good spot
your guard that's getting the right amount of soil moisture you know not too much sun
not too much shade just right you'll end up getting about 50 percent success rate you
can still do this in large numbers so you can take a whole bunch of hardwood cuttings
bundle them or put them into the garden that's that's so that makes it a good method if you're
trying to do large numbers at a time but like I say it is a lot slower so for that reason
I tend to move towards the semi hardwood cuttings that I can take during the active growing
season as opposed to the hardwood cuttings which you would do during the dormant for
fall or winter season.
Method number 4 is called layering and layering takes advantage of the fact that he lacks
trouble like the S. that lays its branches down along the ground if you were to pin that
branch like this one here.
If you're dependent underground underneath the soil underneath some mulch in this case
and leave it there for a length of time it will take advantage of the situation by routing
that section of stem and from that section then if you're able to.
Reveal it and it's got roots beyond this point that is outward from the shrub the shrub is
that way and if it's got roots along this way if I were to cut it here then that might
make a perfectly viable plant with both routes on it and shoots on it with and without any
additional effort from me and let me have a quick look here and see if this section
house routed because I pinned it down earlier this year it definitely has routed.
Into this section so if I were to cut that off and get it out into a pot then I have
a brand new rose without.
Much effort on my part now advantages disadvantages this is also a growing season thing you put
the stems under the soil under the mulch during the growing season and it tends to be not
a very high volume it's a it's not something that you do in large numbers it's usually
kind of I would call it a hobbyists variety of propagation where if you have a variety
that has lacked stems like this if you can lay one down and then see what happens that's
a pretty cool way of getting an extra plant there is a version of this called air layering
and all insert some footage here as well were you replicate the same circumstances but you
do that above ground on varieties of roses that are not quite so liable to be lax like
this if you have an operate variety isn't going to lay it stem down to do that so you
put into a container he put some damp peat moss in there and sometimes you'll scrape
a section of the stem and put some rooting hormone on there just to help the process
along and then you'll come back and check on the same timeline so usually you can expect
that if you did it early in the season you might have some reading by the end of the
season he did it mid season he probably wouldn't even check back until next summer method number
5 is grafting and although it is a popular method for producing roses it's not something
I do on the farm here at all and I tend to think it's not so much a common method amongst
small hobbyists either it's more production method used by the large ROS production facilities
down to California or Arizona or Texas that produce roses in large numbers now what the
method includes is that they take a bud of a sigh on variety that's the variety that
you want the flowers of Andy grafted on to the root stock of another variety a restock
variety that is supposed to confer upon it some additional benefits either disease was.
Ins within a certain kind of soil or to make it more vigorous or in some cases to withhold
its vigor and in other plants so it's really in its intent is to take the growing qualities
of the root stock and add that to the top stock variety like I say it isn't so much
a hobbyist thing although I've seen some hobbyists take a turn at it and have a good time and
do multi graphs of multiple varieties on the same route stock is kind of a fun thing but
it's not a method that I'm gonna cover here because it's just not something that I have
that much experience with this final method is called own root suckering and I guess it's
going to look a lot like layering to some degree because what you see down here is a
new stem that's emerging from the base of this rose but it's emerging in this case a
couple of feet away from the main base of the rose here's another one and here are some
more and here are some more over here so what's happened here is that this is a rose that
spontaneously does with the layering is trying to accomplish which is it sends out stems
below the ground and pushes them out at some distance from the main crown of the rose now
in the last step I talked about was grafting we don't want this we don't want to take the
suckers off of he grafted rose because that will be the rootstock variety in this case
this variety is identical to the main variety I know that because isn't on grafted rose
also the foliage and everything looks exactly the same as the mother plant so that's another
good clue for me so just like I did with the layering if I dig down behind that and pried
away from the mother plant I will have a brand new mother plant there some species and varieties
that do this quite frequently notably the rugosa roses often will soccer as well as
this one here is in a class called the guy.
Alika roses in the gallica roses can sucker pretty profusely as well and that could be
a very easy way to get extra roses although it can also be a bit of a pain in the garden
too like I say with layering you kinda have to bring it on yourself with these guys they
do it spontaneously and they can run quite a distance in the garden and take over a lot
of space if you let them so that's not what I intend to do with this one here I will dig
it back take all the ones I need and then dispose the rest.
Thanks so much for watching my overview today of 6 propagation methods for roses I'm more
than willing to go into these topics in more detail I have done so in my other videos and
will do so again in future videos but if you have a more pressing question about any of
these methods please drop those down in the comments below the video and thanks again.