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first question this week comes from
rizal couswandy hi again rizal rizal
says hi alicia what's the difference
between think and thought and when do we
use them thanks okay so i'm going to
focus on the verb uses of these words so
the simple answer is that think is
present tense and thought is past tense
we use think when we're talking about
our opinions or ideas for things that
are always true
so for example i think summer is the
best season or i think tea is delicious
we use thought to talk about our past
ideas and opinions yes but we use
thought to talk about actions or
activities that have been completed and
we want to refer to our opinions of
those things so for example i thought
the movie was great i thought dinner was
expensive
so sometimes we want to talk about like
a past situation so something that
happened before and we want to share our
opinion of it but we don't use present
tense think we use thought to refer to
that so i thought dinner was expensive
last night or i thought the movie was
great so the activity has ended but we
want to share our opinion of that so
when we're talking about our regular
like opinions and ideas like things we
think are delicious always or things we
enjoy or things we hate always we use
present tense think to do that we would
not use think for a completed action
like i think the movie was great last
night we would not use that we use past
tense to do that
so i hope that this helps you understand
the difference between think and thought
thanks very much for the question okay
let's move on to your next question next
question comes from maria hi maria maria
says hi could you tell me which one is
correct have a shower or take a shower
thank you yeah both are correct the
difference here is really just that have
a shower is perhaps more commonly used
in british english we tend to use take a
shower in american english some other
expressions you might hear related to
bathing in english are hop in the shower
which implies a very short shower or hop
in the bath hop in the tub as well where
tub refers to a bathtub or have a rinse
maybe you might also hear take a rinse
which sounds like you're just rinsing
your body off maybe like after a jog for
example rinsing sweat off of the body or
maybe rinsing some dirt off the body
after doing some gardening or something
so we have a few different shower and
bathing related expressions but the most
common one in american english is take a
shower have a shower is okay to use too
it's just more commonly used in british
english so i hope that this helps you
thanks very much for the question okay
let's move on to your next question next
question comes from farid jiham nur
hello farijiham fariji ham says hi
alicia what is the difference between
had have can and could this is a really
big question let's start by looking at
have and had their uses and the meanings
it really depends on the situation so
first we can use have in present tense
to refer to owning something
had is the past tense form of that verb
we can also use have and had to make
perfect tense sentences perfect tense
statements and questions so have is used
for present perfect tense had is used
for past perfect tense we also use this
in responsibility expressions like have
to and had to in present tense and in
past tense respectively so let's look at
a list of example sentences that show us
how each one of these is used i have a
cookie
i had a cookie at lunch
i have had a cookie today
i had had four cookies by the time i
left the office yesterday
i have to eat all these cookies
i had to eat so many cookies yesterday
so these example sentences show us the
variety of ways that we can use have and
had sometimes together to make a lot of
different statements moving on to the
second part of your question about can
and could these two words also have
quite a lot of different uses
we can use can in present tense to talk
about our abilities and to make like
requests and offers we can use could to
talk about our past abilities and to
make polite present tense requests and
offers we also use could to talk about
unreal situations and this includes
impossible situations in the past i can
speak spanish
i could speak spanish when i was a kid
can you help me with my homework
could you please help me with my
homework
if i had a lot of money i could buy a
house
was that davey no that couldn't have
been davey davey's at the office
so can and could is also a very big
topic i hope that this very quick
introduction at least shows you some
examples of how we use these different
words thanks very much for your question
okay let's move on to your next question
next question comes from
waiheen hello waiheen waiheen says what
is the difference between do you and
are you
do you begins questions that are asking
for help that are asking for information
or maybe making requests and offers we
follow do you with the present tense
form of the verb just the simple
infinitive form of the verb some
examples do you know where my keys are
do you have a pen
do you want to get a coffee
do you go to the gym every week
ru begins a question asking about
someone's condition we follow are you
with a verb in the progressive tense
with a noun phrase or with an adjective
some examples are you a doctor
are you okay are you coming to the
office today
are you at home
so this is kind of a good guideline that
you can use when you're trying to decide
between do you and are you questions
what kind of information do you want to
know if it's a condition question you
can probably use are you if you're
looking for information or trying to
make a request you might use do you
instead i hope that this helps you
thanks very much for the question okay
let's move on to your next question
next question comes from sridhar reddy
hi against radar sridhar says hi alicia
what's the difference between it's okay
and that's okay um not much really in
most cases we use them interchangeably
but there are a couple cases where we do
use just one so for example when you're
making a sentence that uses an if
pattern you always want to use it's okay
not that's okay for example
it's okay if you can't finish this today
or it's okay if you're running late
so we would not use that's okay in that
situation that's okay if you're running
late or that's okay if you can't finish
it today we would use it's okay if
you're making an if sentence an if
clause sentence so in many cases
especially in my case i tend to use
that's okay when someone apologizes to
me for some kind of small mistake so if
someone like bumps my shoulder or if
somebody forgets something i don't know
i could say that's okay to mean no
problem you could use it's okay in this
case too but i feel like that's okay
might be a little bit more common
also when you are in close proximity so
that means when you have a very close
relationship either physically or
emotionally to another person and you're
talking about an issue and you want to
present a situation and you want to make
the other person feel at ease like
everything's fine you can use it's okay
so for example person a might say oh no
i deleted an important file from my
computer
b says
it's okay i made a backup yesterday so
in that situation it's okay
precedes or comes before the solution to
the situation in those cases using it's
okay might sound a little bit more
natural then that's okay but as i said
in most cases we use them
interchangeably and it doesn't really
cause a communication problem but i hope
that those are a few situations that you
can use in daily life
and that you can use these two
expressions a little bit more naturally
so thanks very much for the question i
hope that that helps first question this
week comes from duong du tuitam i hope i
said that right duongju says hi alicia
how do i practice listening to english
better um i would say make sure you're
doing active listening not passive
listening so passive listening is like
just turning your phone on or turning
your computer on to something english
like an english movie or an english
video on youtube or english audio and
you leave it and you go do something
else like cleaning or cooking or doing
your homework or whatever so you're not
paying attention to the audio you're not
paying attention to the video at all so
you're just listening to the background
noise there active listening on the
other hand is really focusing in on the
things that you're hearing so to
practice good active listening of course
you can just listen to audio but i would
recommend trying to read along with the
things the speakers are saying so i
think really fun ways to do this are to
use movies and videos so movies turn on
the subtitles in english to do this uh
and turn on like uh youtube captions as
well you can do that with some of the
videos on our channel
and i think that there are some
auto-generated captions that you can use
on our youtube channel as well
so i would recommend reading along as
you listen so this helps you because it
can help you identify the pronunciations
of unfamiliar words so words that you
don't know you can learn how to
pronounce them you can also hear the
different ways that native speakers
connect words in everyday speech you can
learn how words are stressed in everyday
speech and you can just pick up new
vocabulary words and work on some
grammar patterns too so i would
recommend you practice active listening
not just passive listening passive
listening is fun and easy but try to do
active listening as well so that you're
really focusing on gaining new things i
hope that this helps you and good luck
with your continued listening studies
okay let's move on to your next question
next question comes from
behat vin hello behatvin behatvin says
what is the difference between england
british and united kingdom okay
england is a country one country it is a
noun for example i went to england last
year
have you ever been to england
british is an adjective something that
is british is something or someone that
comes from great britain so great
britain is the largest of the islands in
the british isles examples my roommate
is british
do you speak british or american english
i speak american english the united
kingdom or the uk
is an area that's made up of most of the
islands in the british isles including
great britain and it's made up of a
small part of the northeastern part of
ireland as well as a few other small
islands in the area this is referred to
as the united kingdom or the uk
examples have you ever been to the uk
i hear it's rainy in the united kingdom
okay so i hope that this helps you
understand the differences between these
words thanks very much for the question
all right moving along to your next
question this week next question comes
from alex hi alex alex says hi what's
the difference between bush and forest
thanks okay um in american english bush
and forest are quite different however
in australian english the word bush
could be used to mean something kind of
similar to forest so first let's look at
how bush is used in american english in
american english bush is used to refer
to like a shrub it's one single plant
that is low to the ground people usually
have them in front of their houses or in
a forest among the trees you might see
bushes uh like below trees so they're
usually not very big maybe this size or
so i don't it depends it depends on the
type of plant
but a bush is a single unit it's a
single plant examples my grandparents
have lots of bushes in their yard
there's a row of bushes leading up to
the castle
so some of you may know that this word
does have another slang meaning but it
is totally unrelated to plant life so
you can google that if you like so bush
can also refer to like an area of wild
lands like untamed creatures and just
free-growing plants
but that's something that we only use in
australian english american english
speakers and to my knowledge british
english speakers do not use this word
forest on the other hand refers to a
huge huge huge area of trees and
creatures and all kinds of wildlife so
for example the amazon rainforest is a
huge forest so it's not just one unit
not just one tree or one group of
animals but it's the whole area all the
plants all the wildlife everything in
that area that's a forest area so i hope
that this helps you understand the
differences between these words thanks
for an interesting question okay let's
move on to your next question next
question comes from
zvatislav hi svatuslav i hope i said
that correctly savatislav says hi alicia
could you explain the difference between
other and another okay um i talked about
this in a previous episode of ask alicia
so if you want some more example
sentences and a little bit of a
different explanation you can check out
that video so we use other when we're
referring to the known alternative in a
situation so if for example our camera
person offers me these two markers and
he offers me the red one but i can see
the blue one i can say no i want the
other one i want this one i want the
other marker so i use the other because
i see that there are two choices in the
situation i am offered one but i say no
i want the other one in the situation
we use another when we want to refer to
something outside the known situation so
here if i'm offered a red marker and a
blue marker and i don't want either i
can say do you have another color and
maybe i'll get the black marker so it's
outside of my existing options it's
outside of the known situation another
one so for another example of how we use
another and the other
you can check out the previous episode
of ask alicia that i talked about i hope
that that gives you another example
and another explanation that can help
you understand the differences between
these words so i hope that that helps
you thanks very much for this question
okay let's move on to your next question
next question comes from emma hi emma
emma says hi alicia i'm wondering what i
should say when people ask me what my
job is and i'm just a housewife and
raising kids is it okay to say i have no
job i'm just a housewife well yes but i
definitely wouldn't say jest or i have
no job because i think many people now
today recognize that being a housewife
is a like a kind of job so you could say
yes i'm just a housewife but because
there's a lot of work related to taking
care of a house and taking care of
children i would say don't use just just
say i'm a housewife and explain i take
care of my home and my children so i
hope that this helps you yes using
housewife is a great way to describe
what you do thanks very much for your
question first question this week comes
from sergey hi sergey sergey says what
methods would you recommend to remember
english words as fast as possible and
for a long time thanks aha common
question uh i would suggest that you
begin using the words right away so i
imagine many learners have a vocabulary
list
maybe it's a digital list or a list you
write by hand whatever
when you learn a new word begin using
the word right away so i don't mean like
reading the word or learning the
spelling of the word that's great but
start making sentences with the words so
write a sentence and then say the
sentence out loud so use the word right
away and then maybe at the end of the
same day read the sentence again write
the sentence again say the sentence
again so use the word again the next day
do it again maybe make a new sentence
using the same word so try to say that
sentence again try to say the previous
day's sentence again so use the word
don't just put the word into your head
actually create something with the word
this is huge very important it's
actually like to create something with
the new words that you're learning so
you do this you know every day and then
a few days later you refresh the word a
week later you refresh the word so in
the beginning it takes time you maybe
need to refresh your mind refresh your
memory a lot as you learn new vocabulary
words but then you also need to get used
to using those words in your everyday
life so try to maybe make a list or like
a group of words you want to focus on
for like one week or two weeks at a time
and so you practice that group of words
like every day or
you make a study plan to focus on this
group of words for this month or
something like that so do that with
those words that you really really want
to use maybe they're words that are
extremely important to your everyday
life like your studies or your work
or
maybe a hobby for example so i would
suggest doing that
and spacing out your repetition to do
that so if you want a tool that can help
you to do this kind of thing
there are spaced repetition systems like
spaced repetition flash card tools a
very popular one is a tool called anki
so you can download like vocabulary word
decks groups of vocabulary words and
study those and the software or the
system will automatically tell you when
is the next time to study so you finish
your study session and then later a few
hours later or a day later or something
you can study the same words again and
it will remember how well you did the
previous time so it spaces out uh how
often you see your vocabulary words and
helps you refresh things at a good pace
for your studies and for your like your
memory
so that might be a good tool to use but
as i said don't just read don't just see
the words on a screen make sure you use
the words as well so i hope that this
helps you to understand new vocabulary
words and to be able to remember them
for a long time good luck with your
studies okay let's move on to your next
question next question this week comes
from
melee hello meli melis says you say and
i answer them maybe at the opening of
the video
this maybe means if i can or you ask
plenty of questions and i pick randomly
so maybe i can or i can't pick yours
thanks yeah actually
both both are true the reason that i
chose
that beginning the you ask questions and
i answer them maybe i chose that
introduction for both of those reasons
so one is actually i don't know for sure
if i answered your question so sometimes
viewers send a question
and maybe i don't completely understand
what they want to know or maybe my
answer doesn't give them 100 of the
information so i hope i try my best to
answer the questions completely but i
don't know for sure that i've answered
the viewer's question i don't know for
sure that i've answered your question so
that's one that's one reason why i say
maybe at the beginning of the video the
second reason as you said is because
there are lots of questions that get
sent to us for this series so sometimes
the questions are like very common
questions so we get for example lots of
questions about how to use present
perfect tense or we get lots of
questions about how to use have and had
or would could and should those words
so
because there are so many questions like
that i might not choose your question
about that topic i try to choose
questions that i hope can be like new
and interesting and helpful for lots of
people who are watching the channel not
just for that one person so that's one
reason also there are some questions
that are very very specific some people
send questions that are maybe about one
specific sentence and so for other
people maybe it's not so helpful so i'm
trying to choose questions that are good
for everybody
so that's the second reason why i say
maybe i might not choose the question
that you send even if you do send it
thank you so much for sending um but yes
there are those two reasons why i say
maybe at the beginning to every video in
this series so i hope that that helps
you thanks for this question okay let's
move on to your next question this week
next question for this week comes from
comey hello komei kome says what is the
difference between ongoing and in
progress great question ongoing is an
adjective we can place ongoing before
the noun that it modifies we can also
place ongoing after the noun that it
modifies but we connect the two with is
some examples
this is an ongoing project
this project is ongoing
in progress on the other hand is not an
adjective it's in a preposition and
progress a noun so progress means like
movement forward or some kind of
improvement that's what progress means
so we can imagine in progress to mean
like in the condition of making progress
so that's kind of like a long way to say
this small phrase in progress in the
condition or in the state of making
forward progress so we tend to use this
after the noun that it modifies so some
examples of this
construction is in progress on our
office building
this project is a work in progress
so i hope that helps you understand the
differences between ongoing and in
progress thanks very much for this
question okay let's move on to your next
question next question comes from
marcelo veloso hello marcelo marcelo
says hi alicia how's it going here in
brazil when actors and actresses play
roles in soap operas movies and tv shows
they don't talk like ordinary people
they talk a little formally i would like
to know if the same thing happens in the
usa
nice question but generally no actors
and actresses don't speak more formally
they do however change their speaking
for the setting in which they are acting
so for example if you've seen a movie
where the story features royalty so like
kings and queens you might hear the
actors using very formal language
because that's the language that's
appropriate for a very formal setting so
they use that language not because it's
like a movie but because it's like a
king or a queen they're speaking to so
they should speak formally on the other
hand if you've seen the movie like a
cowboy movie like an old western movie
you'll hear the characters speaking in a
very rough manner so they choose the way
that they speak or the way that they
speak is kind of determined by the
setting of the media so it's not that
the media itself causes actors and
actresses to speak a certain way it's
like the story itself they speak to
match the story
um i will say that probably in most
cases actors and actresses tend to speak
a little bit more clearly yes they speak
very quickly but they tend to speak a
little more clearly in media because
it's important for the audience to be
able to catch all the words that are
being said so you might hear them
speaking a little bit more clearly but
no not necessarily more formally so
level of formality is determined by the
story the characters in the story and
the relationships in the story so i hope
that that helps you thanks very much for
the question okay let's move on to your
next question next question this week
comes from michael hello michael michael
says hi alicia the verbs would and had
have the same form of contraction
apostrophe d
how do i know what verb this form of the
contraction means great question okay to
know which form
look at the word that comes after the
apostrophe d
for example
i'd like a glass of water
i'd eaten by the time my roommate got
home
okay so in the first example sentence
i'd like a glass of water the word that
comes after i'd is like like is a simple
present tense verb in the second example
sentence i'd eaten by the time my
roommate got home we see eaten which is
the verb eat in the past participle form
so we break these down and we see i'd
like becomes i would like or i had like
so we know i had like is incorrect
that's not proper grammar we know
therefore it should be i would like we
can do the same thing with the second
example sentence aid eaten could be
either i would eaten or i had eaten we
know that i would eaten is grammatically
incorrect so we can understand therefore
that when we see that apostrophe d
followed by a simple present tense verb
we can understand that that's actually
an i would construction apostrophe d
followed by a verb in the past
participle form however indicates the
past perfect tense i had eaten i'd eaten
so you don't actually need to focus on
that apostrophe d focus on the grammar
of the sentence as a whole so we're
looking at the verb that comes after
this not to the apostrophe d itself the
clue is actually in the next word so i
hope that this helps you identify the
differences in the future thanks very
much for this question hi everybody my
name is alicia in this lesson i'm going
to talk about tag questions i'm going to
explain what tag questions are how to
make them and a few different ways to
use them so let's get started okay first
what is a tag question a tag question is
a short question
that comes after a statement so i'll
explain a lot of examples today so these
are very short questions usually just
like two words
we use tag questions for confirmation or
for agreement so when we want to check
that something is correct for example we
use a tag question when we want to use a
tag question to confirm information we
typically use downward intonation to do
this so you'll hear a few examples of
this in this lesson however we also use
tag questions to ask for information so
we want to get some new information we
can use a tag question to do that
but typically when we want to ask for
something we'll use upward intonation
the same way that we would ask a regular
information question so let's keep this
in mind as we look at some of the rules
for using tag questions and making tag
questions okay first
um to make tag questions there are two
basic rules i want to explain so the
first rule
is if the verb in the main sentence or
in the main part of the statement
is a positive verb
then the verb in the tag question must
be negative so let's look at a few
examples of this here you cooked this
didn't you so here cooked
is the verb and the main part of the
statement and it's positive that means i
need to use a negative verb here in this
case didn't in the ending part of the
statement so i'll explain this rule in
just a moment too
another example uh
he could hear me couldn't he so here
could is positive in the main part of
the statement therefore i need to use
the opposite form couldn't uh the
negative form at the end of the
statement in the tag question
last example here you've had breakfast
haven't you so here i'm using you have
had breakfast so here you have is my
positive verb my positive auxiliary verb
in this case so i need to use the
negative haven't in my tag question at
the end of the sentence so this is the
first part
then the opposite is also true as we see
here in point number two so if the verb
in the main sentence or the main part of
the statement is negative then the verb
in the tag question is positive so this
is the opposite of point one that we
just talked about here so i've just made
the opposite of each of these sentences
so here we'll see you didn't cook this
did you here i have the negative you did
not cook this therefore the positive did
is used in the tag question
again he couldn't hear me could he here
i've used couldn't this time it's
negative in the main part of the
statement so the tag question is
positive could he
finally you haven't had breakfast have
you
here i have the negative haven't have
not therefore i need to use the positive
have in the tag question so this is the
basic rule for making tag questions if
we see a positive verb in the main part
of the statement the tag question should
be negative it should use a negative
verb and the opposite is also true if a
negative verb is used in the main
statement we should use a positive verb
in the tag question so this is one key
theme you'll see in our example
sentences for today so let's look at a
few more details about how to make these
point number three here is about
auxiliary verb so remember auxiliary
verbs are like have and has be for
example so if there's no auxiliary verb
in the main statement
then the tag question will use the
appropriate form of the word do and by
that i mean the positive or the negative
form like do or does for example so
let's look at some examples of this so
no auxiliary verb is used here so he
made this didn't he here i have the verb
made past tense he made this didn't he
no auxiliary verb is here so we need to
use the verb do
however made is a positive meaning the
tag question needs to be negative so
here didn't his past tense did not in
other words the contracted form did not
is used here let's look at one more here
i have the negative she didn't go
did she so i need to use the positive
did in the tag question
here again they canceled didn't they so
canceled
is the verb it's the positive form of
the verb used here
i therefore need to use the negative in
the past didn't in the tag question so
again if no auxiliary verb is in the
main statement then we should use the
correct form the appropriate form of do
to make the tag question at the end
however as in point number four
if there is an auxiliary verb so if we
do see some case of have or be used
then we need to use the same auxiliary
verb in the tag question but we still
need to follow this rule the positive
and negative rule so for example he
hasn't finished his homework has he here
the auxiliary verb has is used but i
have the negative form he hasn't
finished his homework so i need to match
this with the positive
has he he hasn't finished his homework
has he
next one
she's left the office hasn't she here
the verb might be hard to find it's this
apostrophe s she's left meaning she has
left the office hasn't she
here i've used the negative because the
positive she has is used in the main
statement finally they were listening to
our conversation weren't they
here i'm using were the positive were in
the main statement so i need to use the
negative weren't
in the tag question so please be careful
when you're using an auxiliary verb in
your main statement make sure to use the
opposite form of the auxiliary verb in
the tag question
all right let's go on to part five so
part 5 is a little bit special so
if am or are
if one of these words is used in the
main part of your statement
then we'll use r or aren't to make the
tag question here this one's a little
bit special so for example i'm i'm is
the contracted form of i am so i'm
bleeding i am bleeding
aren't i so again the same positive and
negative rule i am bleeding aren't i
aren't i so we'll use the negative
aren't here to match with the positive i
am
another example you're not leaving are
you so here you are not leaving you are
not leaving are you so here we have a
negative form you're not leaving are you
so here we need to use the positive form
in the tag question
finally
they're going home aren't they so here
we have they are going so there's a
positive form they are they are so we
need to match this with the negative
form they're going home aren't they
all right so please be careful if you
see this m or r in your main statement
please be careful of that
finally point number six if you use a
modal verb so this is like will won't
could should would for example
if a modal verb is used in the main part
of the statement we need to follow the
same rule use the modal verb in the tag
question as well just use the opposite
form of that for example i shouldn't eat
this should i so here shouldn't is my
modal verb i've used the negative
shouldn't so we'll use the positive
should in the tag question i shouldn't
eat this should i
another one he won't call will he so
won't in this case the negative won't is
used so i need to use will
the positive form in the tag question
finally
they wouldn't hurt us would they
again there's the negative form in the
main statement and the positive form in
the tag question so you can see that
these two points about the positive and
negative matching these really are the
basis for making other tag questions and
then just pay attention to whether or
not you're using an auxiliary verb as
well in your main statement
so always think about matching the
opposite form of the verb in the main
statement to the tag question there and
also think about your intonation when
you're using these kinds of sentences
when you're using these kinds of
questions so as we talked about here
when you want to just get agreement or
get confirmation from someone you can
use downward intonation so for example
he made this didn't he or she didn't go
did she or they canceled didn't they so
there's a very kind of downward sound to
it it sounds a little bit um
like you're not really asking for
information maybe like you're talking to
yourself almost a little bit however if
you want to actually ask someone for
information
make sure to use upward intonation so to
use the same examples
he made this didn't he or she didn't go
did she or they canceled didn't they so
it's again it still sounds like you want
to get confirmation about something but
when you use the upward intonation it
sounds like you don't actually know
maybe you have a guess but you're not
quite sure and you are looking for some
information so please keep your
intonation the sound of your voice in
mind when you're using tag questions
okay that's everything that i want to
explain for this point i hope that it
was useful for you if you have any
questions or if you want to try to make
a tag question please feel free to do so
in the comment section below this video
if you liked the video please make sure
to give it a thumbs up subscribe to our
channel and check us out at
englishclass101.com for some other good
resources thanks very much for watching
this lesson and i will see you again
soon and words for desserts so let's go
sweet
the first word is sweet sweet so sweet
is that sugary flavor that you have in
your mouth when you eat something that
has
i don't know natural sweet flavors i
guess so for example like fruits many
fruits have uh natural sweetness like
apples or oranges have a sweet flavor um
and then there's artificial
sweetness like when you put uh sugar
actual sugar into like cakes or cookies
for example there's that sugary flavor
um we call that sweet that is a sweet
flavor in a sentence i want to eat
something sweet
decadent the next word is decadent
decadent is a word that we use to
describe something that is like super
selfish it's like it's like ridiculous
it's kind of like crazy how indulgent
how like selfishly delicious something
is we use it a lot for desserts so we
use it for things that are maybe very
very rich uh which and we'll talk about
some of these words later so we'll use
it for things that have like a really
really strong rich deep flavor maybe
they have a high fat content or a high
sugar content maybe they have lots of
cream whatever something that seems like
it's just a super selfish just
oh it's just too much that's we can use
the word decadent for that so in a
sentence this pie is absolutely decadent
rich
so the next word is rich rich we can use
the word rich for
foods beyond desserts it's not only for
desserts but it is a very common word we
use for desserts so rich means like a
very deep flavor it's often applied with
like chocolates or creams so it has kind
of like an image of maybe a bit some fat
for example um so it's it kind of has
more of like an adult dessert image some
so examples of things that are not rich
are like popsicles which is just like
sugar and flavor and water um like
typical like um citrusy candies aren't
really rich they're very sweet but not
rich so we use this for like chocolate
cakes maybe or pies or puddings custards
maybe so something that has like kind of
a fatty and deep
flavor about it so in a sentence
i prefer rich desserts that's true
savory
the next word is savory savory is
another word that we can use to talk
about food that is
well not sweet we can use savory for
other things like meats but for desserts
savory means something that has a rich
flavor but that tends more to be salty
so something that has a strong flavor
not necessarily fatty like rich but
savory refers to something
that has that has a flavor uh
like a strong flavor that is not from
sweetness but something that is savory
is i don't know like i heard one time of
like a bacon donut for example like
maybe that's like a savory thing i don't
know i did not eat the bacon donut but
that could be an example so something
that is savory is flavorful without
being overly sweet in a sentence
uh i feel like eating something savory
crispy the next word is crispy crispy
refers to a texture so the feeling of a
food in your mouth when you eat it is
like the texture that's what i mean by
texture here crispy is something that
when you bite into it it makes like that
kind of crunchy sound or it makes um
like for example if you imagine eating
like a cracker for example the way it
kind of crumbles into your mouth or if
you eat um something that's like really
like it's really really light like maybe
a potato chip as well could be
depending on the chip could be kind of
crispy so something that has
often these are kind of like fried
things or maybe they're for desserts
like a wafer could be very crispy so
something that that kind of crumbles in
your mouth a little bit it has sort of a
pleasant texture about it that's
something crispy crispy so in a sentence
this wafer is nice and crispy
smooth
the next word is smooth smooth so smooth
means it's free of any clumps or lumps
so there's by free i mean there are no
lumps there are no clumps so we use this
for example to talk about like puddings
or like a pie filling maybe or perhaps a
cake as well so something that is really
smooth means like there's everything is
the same consistency there are no like
um spots of i don't know there are no
like hard pieces in your pudding i don't
know there's nothing kind of strange or
or different in the mixture in the
dessert mixture everything is very
smooth and consistent it is all the same
so smooth is a good thing typically for
desserts in a sentence
this mousse is so smooth
yeah
cakey
the next word is cakey cakey cakey can
mean a good thing or a bad thing like if
something
if if for example you are eating pudding
and you describe it as cakey that's a
bad thing
cakey should be used positively to talk
about a food that should be cakey so in
other words a cake or a muffin or
something that is cake like maybe even
bread to some extent like a sweet bread
could be cakey so cakey means cake like
it's similar to cake so maybe it's kind
of fluffy it's a little bit moist cakey
refers to things that are similar to
cake so if you use it like to talk about
i don't know something that is not
cake it sounds like it's a negative
thing so like for example i've heard the
word cakey is used sometime to refer to
makeup that is applied incorrectly so if
you apply makeup incorrectly it can look
cakey by that it means it looks like
cake on a person's face so you can see
like maybe like frosting you can think
of that it looks like cake it's a bad
thing in that case a person's makeup
should not look like cake probably bad
thing there however to talk about a
muffin oh it's so cakey and delicious
good thing so think about the situation
where the word cakey is applied in a
sentence
these muffins are pleasantly cakey
moist next word is moist moist means it
has moisture it has water there is like
a
sense of liquid the opposite of moist is
dry so dry is typically a bad thing in
desserts we typically don't want dry
desserts moist means it has liquid it
has moisture there's
and
it's a good thing typically to have like
a slightly slightly moist cake if you
have like a super moist cake it turns
into
i don't know porridge or something
that's bad but usually um some kind of
moistness in your dessert like a pie or
a cake is seen as positive so moist
moist is typically positive in a
sentence
this cake is so moist
creamy
the next word is creamy creamy the root
there is cream so something that uses a
lot of cream in a nice way usually so we
can also use creamy for like sauces too
so like a pasta sauce can be very creamy
or other foods can be creamy
but basically it means that a lot of
cream or the sensation the taste of
cream is in your mouth and it is
pleasant so it's typically used
positively um i suppose it could be used
negatively like spaghetti sauce is
creamy and weird i don't know i don't
know maybe you can think of a creative
way to use creamy in a negative way but
a creamy typically is a good thing for
desserts so in a sentence gelato is very
creamy
fruity
okay the last word is fruity fruity so
fruity the root here is fruit obviously
so something which has a flavor like
fruit it tastes like fruit for example
so
um
lots of desserts use fruit
as a main ingredient because fruits have
natural sweetness so
many desserts are fruity
beers are fruity as well wine is fruity
too many other types of food are fruity
you can use this word outside of the
realm of desserts if you like in a
sentence i like fruity desserts
10. kitchen objects so let's go
spatula
first word the first word is spatula
spatula so a spatula is like a food
shovel it's like a it's like a tool you
use to flip something in your kitchen so
made of plastic made of metal you can
flip things like pancakes or omelets
with a spatula spatula so in a sentence
flip pancakes with a spatula
pan
the next word is pan pan so a pan is a
piece of kitchen equipment you use to
cook something they can be small pans
they can be larger you might call it a
fry pan something that's maybe this size
and about this deep there are sauce pans
which are about this deep and maybe
about this big around so each pan has a
different use depending on your level of
cooking skill you can have a variety of
things you can do with pans maybe i
don't know i'm just rambling okay in a
sentence you can make a lot of delicious
things with just one pan that's true
measuring cup
the next word is measuring cup measuring
cup a measuring cup is a cup that you
use to measure things usually uh well
actually there are liquid measuring cups
and there are like solids measuring cups
so liquids like meaning water juice beer
wine whatever and then there are solids
so we can put like flour or sugar or
some other like herb for example to to
measure so there are two different ways
two different types of measuring cup but
they have some kind of measuring system
on the side like milliliters
or maybe i don't know ounces i don't
know depending on what you use so a
measuring cup very handy to have in your
kitchen
in a sentence
i cut my hand open on a measuring cup
once
knife
the next word is knife knife so a knife
is a sharp tool you use to cut things
there can be a chef's knife a big one a
paring knife a small one there's a fish
knife and a bread knife all kinds of
knives but really you only need one good
chef's knife for your kitchen to do most
things anyway in a sentence every cook
needs a good knife
pot
the next word is pot pot so a pot is you
can think of a pot like a large deep pan
really we use pots usually to make soup
or perhaps i guess to make a lot of
sauce i don't know but a pot is just
something that's large and deep and we
can put lots of liquid in it that's a
pot maybe it has a lid as well in a
sentence put all of the ingredients in a
pot and cook
refrigerator
the next word is refrigerator
refrigerator refrigerator is a fun word
to say we often shorten the word
refrigerator to fridge fridge
so a refrigerator is the place where you
store where you keep uh your food so
cold food or maybe frozen food so uh
refrigerator and freezer are different
please keep that in mind refrigerator
just means cold uh freezing means it's
below uh zero degrees celsius so that
means it's frozen like you can make ice
in that atmosphere in that environment
refrigerator is just cold so keep your
food in the refrigerator in a sentence
she has a huge refrigerator
dishes
the next word is dishes dishes so dishes
is just is the word we use to mean like
your plates and your bowls and your cups
really so plates bowls cups we say those
are dishes like in a sentence do the
dishes it means wash all of the plates
cups and bowls so dishes means those
three things generally so dishes dishes
all of that is
summed up in one word we can use one
word for that in a sentence i keep all
my dishes in cupboards
cutlery silverware flatware
the next word is actually three words it
is cutlery silverware and flatware so
you might hear these words used
interchangeably you might hear these
words used in the same way
but generally we say like cutlery i
suppose or we break these words down so
these all three refer to forks knives
spoons the things we use to eat food the
tools we use to take food from a plate
to take food from a dish and put it in
our mouth that that equipment is
cutlery or flatware or silverware
silverware would technically mean like
you know that equipment made from silver
i think uh but
to use a more general word we say
cutlery most of the time um but if you
want to be specific you can say fork
spoon knife chopstick whatever uh it's
up to you so these are kind of three
words that refer to the same thing in a
sentence washing silverware is such a
pain
cutting board
the next word is cutting board a cutting
board so a cutting board is a piece of
wood or maybe plastic you use
under something you are preparing to
cook so if you're cutting carrots you
put the cutting board or just board down
on your counter or table put the carrot
on top and cut so we we use it uh to
guard our knife and our counter from
the cutting action or i suppose i should
say we're guarding the knife from the
counter and we are guarding the counter
from the knife so the cutting board acts
to hold everything in place and to keep
everything um like kind of nice and
clean and tidy and in good shape so a
cutting board is essential for a good
kitchen in a sentence i wish i had a
nice cutting board
baking sheet
the last word is baking sheet a baking
sheet a baking sheet is a piece of
equipment that is oven safe we can put
it in the oven and it will not melt it
will not break down at all
we use it to bake maybe cookies or we
can use it to bake meat for example a
baking sheet it looks like a sheet of
metal really in some cases maybe it has
sides to it as well but it's just a
simple piece of usually metal of some
kind that is oven safe it's easy to use
for the oven that's called a baking
sheet in a sentence
lime baking sheets with parchment paper
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let's start with the basic definition of
the verb raise the basic definition is
to lift something to a higher position
examples
raise your hand
let's raise the shelf a little higher
now let's look at the conjugations of
this verb
present tense raise raises
past tense raised
past participle raised
progressive raising
so now let's move on to some additional
meanings for this verb okay the first
one is to cause an increase in something
so this doesn't mean necessarily to
physically move something up but rather
to cause an increase in like an amount
or a number for example so examples of
this the government is raising taxes
next year
my landlord raised the rent
so in these cases we're talking about
taxes and rent the government raised
taxes means they increased the amount of
taxes people have to pay in the second
example sentence my landlord raised the
rent means my rent costs were increased
my rent costs went up they were raised
my landlord raised the rent let's go on
to the second additional meaning for
this verb
to cause to exist to cause to exist like
this is used for concepts some examples
this change raises a lot of questions
her behavior raised red flags
okay so here we're seeing concepts we're
seeing um
sort of ideas it's not a physical item
that comes into existence it's a concept
in the first example sentence
this change raises a lot of questions it
means from this change a lot of
questions come into existence so some
change happened and now i have lots of
different questions we use the verb
raised to mean came into existence like
something conceptually came into
existence in the second example sentence
her behavior raises red flags i've used
the expression red flags here so red
flags means a hint or some kind of
indicator of something negative a
negative quality about that person so
this is a kind of a this is a sentence
that has a negative feeling about it but
i've used the verb raised so the
sentence is her behavior raised red
flags which means her behavior caused me
to think that there was something
negative about her so her behavior was
maybe strange or kind of dangerous and
so i thought maybe this person there's
something kind of not quite right about
this person there were red flags so i
used the verb raised to say that uh her
behavior introduced that her her
behavior caused those red flags to exist
okay let's move on to the third one the
third one is to take care of someone or
something examples
my parents decided to raise chickens
where were you raised
so in these sentences we see someone
taking care of something else the first
sentence my parents decided to raise
chickens means to take care of like like
from when they're babies until they're
full grown adults my parents decided to
raise chickens so as they grow up
they're being taken care of in the
second example it's a question where
were you raised a passive question where
were you raised means where
were you taken care of until you grew up
essentially is the meaning but we used
raised to communicate that where were
you raised i was raised in the west
coast california where were you raised
massachusetts massachusetts
massachusetts all right so this verb is
used for parenting for sure it's used to
so when you're talking about where you
grew up you can say i grew up in or i
was raised in so parents can use this i
want to raise my kids in place or in
environment just be careful we don't use
the word grow for people we can use it
for plants like i like to grow plants is
fine we can't say i want to grow my kids
doesn't work we can't use that raise
instead the fourth one is to increase
another person's bet this is a very
specific use of the word raise we use
this in gambling like at casinos for
example examples
i'll raise you twenty dollars
she raised him three thousand dollars
so this means uh there's an existing bet
in the first example i'll raise you
twenty dollars there's a bet that exists
somewhere so let's say for example the
bet is ten dollars that my opponent
played i however want to increase the
risk in the game so i say i'll raise you
twenty dollars which means from this
original ten dollars i'm going to add
twenty dollars that means the total bet
is now thirty dollars if the other
person still wants to play the game they
now have to
put in twenty dollars more to match my
bet so to raise means to add additional
risk to a vet
in the second example sentence we see
the same thing she raised him three
thousand dollars so there's an existing
bet she increased the amount of the bet
by three thousand dollars so this is a
very specific use of raise but if you
like card games or casinos or gambling
it could be useful for you okay let's
talk about the next additional meaning
of the verb raise it means to collect
money to gather money to get money from
different sources
examples of this
let's raise money in a fundraiser
how are we going to raise money for this
project
so in these examples we're talking about
money this is very commonly used to talk
about money so we tend to use this
expression this this use of raise
is used to talk about money like
financial resources that we need for
some project or some charity or some
volunteer activity so we say let's raise
money or let's raise funds
to support this group for example
so this can be used to talk about
gathering funds gathering money okay
the variations let's talk about some
variations of this verb the first one is
to raise eyebrows to raise eyebrows so
the image of this is literally your
eyebrows go up like
why because we're experiencing mild
suspicion or surprise so when you hear
something and you you kind of have this
like
reaction to it's like what
that's the raising eyebrows expression
examples of this
her weekend plans raised some eyebrows
at the office
if you confront management you might
raise some eyebrows
so that means if you do that thing in
the first example sentence her weakened
plans raised some eyebrows at the office
it means something about her plans for
the weekend cause suspicion or maybe
surprise among the other people in the
office
in the second example sentence if you
confront management you might raise some
eyebrows it means if you do this thing
if you talk to management they might be
surprised or they might be suspicious of
you
so raise eyebrows means to be suspicious
or to be a little bit surprised of
something the next variation is to raise
the bar to raise the bar this expression
means like to set a higher standard than
previously or to determine a higher
standard than was previously set
examples
we need to raise the bar for our work
they've raised the bar at that
restaurant
in the first example we need to raise
the bar for our work it means we need to
set a higher standard for our work so
it's quite long to say but we say raise
the bar you can actually imagine this in
terms of sports like if you've seen
gymnastics when um there's like like we
could imagine the pole vault for example
if the bar to jump over the athlete to
jump over is at this level maybe it's
easy but if we raise the bar it becomes
more difficult and requires more skill
to do that same task so when we say we
need to raise the bar for our work or
that restaurant has raised the bar it
means their standards have improved or
maybe their skills have improved as well
so it's a positive thing all right the
last one the last variation is to raise
hell to raise hell so this means like to
behave in a way that can cause other
people trouble it often means like to be
loud or to be drinking to be noisy
to be
like out in society causing like
disruptions
often young people are known for raising
hell examples
a bunch of college kids are raising hell
at the beach
let's raise hell
these are examples of like kids usually
kids or like young people that are just
kind of out to cause trouble like
usually it's because they're having a
good time and they're trying to do it
like too noisily or they're just having
too much fun and causing problems in
their community
but sometimes people actually plan to go
out and cause problems for others so to
describe that activity we can say raise
hell to raise hell
accountant
actor
advertisement
advice
afford
agenda
apply
to approve
to
approve architect
architect
art
artist
assign
assignment
attendance rate
avoid
backpack
bilingual bilingual
bill
biology
blackboard
bonus
book
borrow
boss
branch
brand
budget
bully
business
business trip
businessman
bye
cafeteria
calculate
calculator
campus
cancel
career
chair
chairman
charge
check
chemistry
chief
class
classmate
classroom
clerk
client
college
commission
commute
company
company worker
competitor
computer
computer science
conference
conference room
confirm
construction worker
cook
copier
cost
co-worker
credit
customer
database
deadline deadline
debt
decision
decrease
deficit
degree
delivery
dentist
department
desk
detective
develop
dictionary
director
to discount
dispatch
dissertation dissertation
distribute
distribution distribution
doctor
doctorate
document
dormitory
driver
economics
education
elementary school
employ
employee
employer
employment
engineer
enterprise
equipment
eraser
essay
establish
estimate
exam
exchange
executive
expand
experience
experiment
expert
explanation
facility
factory
factory worker
fair
farmer
feedback
field
final
fire
firefighter
flight attendant
folder
fund
general manager
geography
glue
goal
goods
grade grade
graphic designer
gym
headquarters
high school
higher
history
holiday
homework
housewife
improvement
income
increase
industry
inform
information
information technology
instruction
interview
investigation
investment
investor
invoice
job job
join
journalist
judge
keyboard
knowledge
laboratory
language
laptop
lawyer
lead
learn
lecture
lend
lesson
library
listen
literature
loss
mail carrier
manage
manager
marker
market
marketing
mathematics
mechanical pencil
meeting
memorize
middle school
monitor
music
notebook
nurse
objective
occupation
offer
office
office worker
order
organize
output
overtime
paintbrush
paint brush
paper
paperclip
part-time job
payment
pen
pencil
philosophy
photographer photographer
physical education
physics
pilot
plagiarism
the act or process of drawing up plans
or layouts for some project or
enterprise
the act or process of drawing up plans
or layouts for some project or
enterprise
podium
police
officer police officer
politician
politics
portfolio
presentation
president
principal
printer
product
production
[Music]
production
professional athlete
professor
profit
project
project projector
projector
promotion
psychology
purchase
qualification
question
quiz quiz
read
real estate agent real estate agent
recession
recruit
reduction
refund
repeat
report
research
researcher
responsibility
result
retailer
retire
rise
risk
rubber band
ruler
salary
sales
salesperson
schedule
school
school year
science
scientist
scissors
screen
secretary
service
shift
shop assistant
signature
singer
skip class
soldier
stapler
stock
strategy
student
study
subject
subordinate
success
summer vacation
superior
supervise
supervised
supply
support
symposium
tack
tape
target
teach teach
teacher
teamwork
telephone
[Music]
telephone
[Music]
term term
test tube
textbook
to think
tool
trademark
transportation
tuition
university
vacation
whiteboard
wholesaler
work
work permit
world map
right
writer
writer 3d movie
3d movie
accommodation
accordion
acrobatics
action figure
action movie
activity
admission
ticket
admission ticket
adventure
aerobics
airplane
album
alcohol
amusement park
animation
antique
application
aquarium
archery
arrive
art
astrology
astronomy
auto
racing auto racing
back gaming
backpacking
badminton
bait
baking
ball
ballet
balloon
band
bar
barbecue
baseball
basketball
beach
beach volleyball
beekeeping
beer
bellboy
bicycle racing
bike riding
billiards
biography
bird watching
blog
blues
board game
boarding pass
boat
bobsled
bodybuilding
book
bowling
boxing
bridge
broadcast
bungee jumping
bus
cabin
cafe
calligraphy
camera
camp
candle
canoe
car
cartoon
carving
casino
castle
cathedral
cave
cavern
cello
ceramic vase
champion
championship
channel
check in
check out
checkmate
cheer
cheese
chess
chocolate
church church
circus
city
clarinet
classical music
clay
clown
clubhouse
coach
coach coin
coin
collect stamps
collection collection
coloring book
comedy
comic book
competition
compose
concert
cook
cosplay
cottage
counter bar
country
countryside
craft
cricket
crocheting
crossword
cruise ship
curling
currency
cycling
dance
start
dart
date
decorate
depart
destination
dice
dinner
dinner party
director
diving
documentary
dodgeball
doll
domino
drama
draw
drawing
drink
driving
drums
dubbed movie
dumbbell
eat
eat out
electric keyboard
electronic
embroidery
enjoy
entertainment
event
exchange
exercise
exhibition
explore
family
fan
fantasy
farm
farmers market
fencing
feng shui
ferris wheel
festival
field
figure skating
film
firearm
fishing
fishing boat
fishing line
fishing pole
fitness
flea market
flight
flower arrangement
flute
flying trapeze
folk music
food stall
football
forest
friend
frisbee
front desk
gadget
game
game show
garden
gardening
to go sightseeing
go-kart
golf
golf course
golfer
gps
grand prix
group
guide
guidebook
guitar
gym
gymnastics
hair salon
hammock hammock
handball
harbor
harmonica
helicopter
hide and seek
hiking
hip-hop
historic monument
hobby
haki
horror movie
horse racing
horseback riding
hostel
hot spring
hotel
hula hoop
hunting
ice dancing
ice hockey
ice skating
indoor
information center
ink
internet
invent
itinerary
jazz
jet ski
jigsaw
jogging
journal
judo
jump
jump rope
jungle
jungle gym
jungle
gym karaoke
karaoke
karate
kayak
kick
kite
kung fu
lacrosse
landscape
language
learn a language
leisure
listen to music
lobby lobby
lose
lottery
lullaby
magazine
magic
magician
mall
sheep herder
map
marathon
market
martial arts
mascot
massage
match
maze
meditation
merry-go-round
mixed martial arts
model building
monkey bars
mosque
motorboat
motorcycle
mountain
mountain biking
mountain climbing
movie theater
museum
music
musical
musical instrument
mystery
nail art
news program
newspaper
nightclub
novel
olympics
online course
online game
opera
orchestra
origami
outdoors
package tour
paint
paintball
painting
[Music]
painting
[Music]
palace
paper
parachute
paragliding
paralympics
park
party
passport
pastime
performance
pet
photo
photography
piano
picnic
play
play cards
play tag
player
playground
poker
pool pool
pop music
porcelain
postcard
postcard pottery
pottery
program
puppet
puzzle
pyramid
quilt
r
b
r b
radio
rafting
read
reality show
recipe
record
recreation
reggae
relax
relay race
reservation
resort hotel
restaurant
restore
rhapsody
riddle
road trip
rock climbing
rock music
roller skating
roller coaster
romance
romantic comedy
room
room number
room service
rowing
rugby
rumba
run
running
sailing
salsa
samba
sand
saxophone
science fiction
score
script
scuba
diving scuba diving
sculpture
c
sea
seashell
seesaw
serenade
sewing
ship
shoot
shop
shopping shopping
short story
show
shrine
sing
singer
sitcom
skateboard
key
skiing skiing
skydiving
sleep
sleeping bag
slide
smartphone
smoke
snorkeling
snowball fight
snowboard
soap opera
soccer
social media
soda
softball
spend time with family
sports
sports program
squash
stadium stadium
stage
star
station
statue
store
subtitles
suitcase
sunbathe
surfing
suspense
swim
swimming
swing
symphony a long and complex sonata for
symphony orchestra
symphony a long and complex sonata for
symphony orchestra
synagogue
synchronized swimming
table football
tablet
taekwondo
tai chi
show
talk show
tango
taxi
taxidermy
team
[Music]
team
temple
tennis
tent
tequila
text
theater
theme park
thriller
ticket
tightrope walking
tour
tour bus
tourists
tourist
tourist attraction
tournament
tower
toy
track and field
train
travel
travel agency
travelers check
treadmill
trick
trip
trumpet
tutor
tv station
vacancy
vacation
video
video games
view
vinyl record
violin
visa
visit
volleyball
volunteer
walk
walking
waltz
watch
water polo
waterfall
water skiing
weight training
western
whiskey
wi-fi
wimbledon championship tournament
win
wine
winner
[Music]
winner
winter olympics
wood carving
workout
world cup
wrestling
right
yacht
yoga
yoyo yo yo
zoo
zumba
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