hi everybody welcome to inkvid.com i'm
adam in today's video i'm going to talk
to you about the ielts reading section
and very specifically we're going to
look at
one question type that i think most
people have the most trouble with the
question type is when you have to give a
yes no or not given or true false not
given
based on questions or statements and the
reading passage okay so what i have here
is a sample paragraph okay we're going
to look at a the whole passage is about
the aurora borealis now for those of you
who might not know what that is if
you've heard about northern canada in
the north of canada you can go in the
light in the sorry in the sky at night
you can see all kinds of different
colored lights all over the sky it's
actually very beautiful
very interesting natural phenomenon and
that's called the aurora borealis
there's another
aurora in the south but that's a
different story altogether
now if i'm speaking a little bit fast
that's because again this is for the
ielts those of you taking the ielts you
need to practice your listening skills
as well so i'll speak a little bit
faster than normal
now
the main problem that people have with
this type of question with the yes no
not given true false not given is that
they don't exactly know where to look
and they spend way too much time
looking for the answer to the not given
section
so there's a few things you need to
understand
first of all
you have to find the general area where
the answers should be in the reading
passage and then you very carefully have
to read the sentence in the question
part and the sentence is in the actual
reading they will never match them
exactly okay they might actually try to
trick you by using some of the same
words from the passage in the question
but if it's too similar
don't trust it what they will generally
do is paraphrase okay that's where
that's where they're testing your
understanding of vocabulary that's where
they're testing your understanding of
grammar as well okay so paraphrasing is
a very important
skill
so when you paraphrase you're taking a
sentence and you're
expressing it in a different way but
you're keeping the same meaning so
that's what they're testing can you look
at the question sentence
and can you understand
that
the way it's basically expressed in the
passage is the same or are they
different or do they seem kind of
similar but there's something missing so
the answer is actually not given so i'm
going to read to you this is just one
paragraph from this passage okay
obviously there was something before
there will be something after but it
doesn't matter we can look at the one
paragraph and be able to look at the
questions and try to understand them
okay so first i'll read it for you
although the earth is constantly hit
with all manner of particles and rays
its magnetic shield deflects most of
them away from the planet's surface
particles discharged from the sun also
interact with this shield
where they combine with atoms and
molecules of oxygen nitrogen and other
elements
these combinations result in light
emissions of varying colors
most commonly observed as pink green
violet
blue and occasionally orange and white
orange and white
yellow and green lights sorry i missed
that so yellow and green lights are a
common reaction to interactions of these
particles with oxygen
so there's the information now i can't
really fit the
questions on the board so i'm going to
read them out to you and then you'll see
them
coming soon enough
number one
you'll generally get three to five of
these so i'm just gonna do three i'm
gonna do one true one false one not
given obviously once you know the first
two you'll know the third one but that's
okay
first
people on earth are not at risk
since particles emitted by the sun
never reach them
okay again
people on earth are not at risk since
particles emitted by the sun never reach
them
true or false
well one thing you always have to pay
attention to in these expressions is
extreme words the extreme word here is
the word never
okay never so people on earth are not at
risk okay are we looking at anything on
earth are we looking at any do we say
anything about people
well people on earth they're generally
on the surface so we're basically around
here we're looking for the information
since particles emitted by the sun
emitted
discharged synonyms by the sun from the
sun
uh
never reach them
okay so particles discharged
okay so here we have we looked at the
surface particles and rays its magnetic
shield deflects most of them
from the planet's surface
now what does most of mean
does it mean all
no it doesn't so that means that some
particles and rays do
get through to the surface which means
that some people
are
sometimes at risk so the problem here is
the word never so right away you know
that this question is or the statement
is actually false and you'll notice that
they changed a lot of the words to make
sure that you understand the same
meaning okay that's one
next one uh
orange aurora lights
are not caused by interactions with
oxygen but rather with nitrogen so this
one should be pretty easy to find more
or less here we have orange that's what
we're talking about okay
so let's read the whole sentence these
combinations result in light emissions
of varying colors most commonly observed
as pink green violet blue and
occasionally orange and white
yellow and green are a common reaction
to interactions of these particles with
oxygen
so you're thinking okay yellow and green
is oxygen so orange must be with
nitrogen because that's the other
element we had here somewhere
okay oxygen nitrogen and other elements
now
does it say that orange comes from the
interactions with
nitrogen
it doesn't say that right
first of all
there's nitrogen second of all there are
other elements orange could be a
combination of hydrogen it could be a
combination of helium whatever else is
in the air right
so it doesn't necessarily have to come
from nitrogen
and
occasionally orange and white so orange
and orange is not a very common color
anyway
so if it were common it would probably
be if it were with oxygen it might be a
bit more common
but it's a little bit more rare it's
more occasional so it probably interacts
with some other element that we don't
know about because that element is not
there isn't as much of this element in
the in the
in the sky in the atmosphere so
this question but sorry before i go on
it doesn't mean that it's not nitrogen
we don't know it could be from the
nitrogen it could be from other elements
we don't have any sentence that tells
you
what
colors come from the interaction with
nitrogen so this answer is not given
it sometimes and quite often they will
make this the sentence and the question
appear like something that's in the
passage they're trying to trick you
don't be tricked if you don't very
clearly see the connection
or the answer the fact of what's in the
passage and what's in the thing
then
don't don't be afraid to say not given
some of the answers will be not given
you just have to find the right ones now
of course the last one is going to be
true because i told you there's one of
each so
magnetic shield that protects the earth
does so
by often turning aside the things that
hit it
okay the magnetic shield that protects
the earth does so by often turning aside
the things that hit it
that hit it like particles rays etc so
again we're talking about the magnetic
shield
it protects the earth
okay so the magnetic shield deflects
deflect
turn aside so here's the
particle boom boom that's a deflection
turning aside same idea so it's a
synonym
protects the earth by turning away
okay magnetic shield deflects most of
them what are them
particles and rays and not all the other
things that are hitting it so this one
is true it's just a very direct
paraphrase okay so that's the key here
this is the key to this type of question
make sure that the paraphrase
matches what's in the
passage
look for extreme words to make sure
you're not sometimes it's just one word
that makes the whole sentence not true
and remember the more
the more
number of similar words you see in the
question
that are the same as the passage the
more you should distrust this uh this
sentence and think false or not given
and again not given the key to not given
is to know where to look to begin with
and then to not be afraid
now if you're looking looking looking
looking for the answer and it's not
there
it's not there don't continue to look
this is how people
waste a lot of time on the reading
section and then have problems at the
end of their hour because they spend so
much time looking for an answer that
isn't there okay so that's the key so i
hope this was a bit helpful i'll
give you some more examples in the quiz
at ingvid.com don't be
afraid to go there and try this out
okay
if you want more help with uh ielts
especially writing section
visit my site
writetotop.com or my youtube channel
right to top
i do lots of stuff i specialize in the
writing section of the aisle so please
come visit
if you like this video please give me a
like don't forget to subscribe to my
youtube channel and come again and i'll
give you more ielts tips toefl tips
vocab grammar etc see you again soon bye